scholarly journals Schistosomose e Apendicite Aguda

2014 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 396 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacinta Figueiredo ◽  
Ângela Santos ◽  
Horácio Clemente ◽  
Augusto Lourenço ◽  
Sandra Costa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Appendicitis ◽  
Schistosoma Haematobium ◽  
Parasite Transmission ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Endemic Areas ◽  
Clinical Cases

Acute appendicitis associated to Schistosoma haematobium and S. mansoni infection has been found in patients submitted to urgent appendectomy at the Hospital Américo Boavida in Luanda. Due to the high prevalence and morbidity caused by schistosomiasis (or bilharziasis) in the country, we suspect that the involvement of Schistosoma infection on appendicular pathology could be very frequent, in particular for those individuals more exposed to the parasite transmission. We report two clinical cases of acute appendicitis whose surgical specimens of the appendix revealed S. haematobium and S. mansoni eggs in histological samples. The reported patients live in endemic areas and have been exposed to schistosome during childhood, which may explain the infection’s chronicity. Information of these clinical cases could be relevant, particularly for surgery specialists and clinical pathologists, due to the possibility of finding more patients with concurrent appendicitis and schistosomiasis.<br /><strong>Keywords:</strong> Appendicitis/parasitology; Schistosomiasis; Angola; África.

Schistosomal Appendicitis in Pregnancy

Swiss Surgery ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 121-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Halkic ◽  
Abdelmoumene ◽  
Gintzburger ◽  
Mosimann
Keyword(s):  
Acute Appendicitis ◽  
Schistosoma Haematobium ◽  
Acute Inflammation ◽  
The Body ◽  
Parasitic Infections ◽  
Common Complication ◽  
Surgical Infection ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Potential Challenge ◽  
In Pregnancy

Acute appendicitis is the most common acute surgical infection during pregnancy. Although usually pyogenic in origin, parasitic infections account for a small percentage of cases. Despite the relatively high prevalence of acute appendicitis in our environment, it is not commonly associated with schistosomiasis. We report here the association of pregnancy and appendicitis caused by Schistosoma haematobium. Schistosomiasis is very common complication of pregnancy in hyperendemic areas. Schistosome egg masses can lodge throughout the body and cause acute inflammation of the appendix, liver and spleen. Congestion of pelvic vessels during pregnancy facilitates passage of eggs into the villi and intervillous spaces, causing an inflammatory reaction. Tourism and immigration make this disease a potential challenge for practitioners everywhere.

Scanning electron microscope studies of miracidia suggest introgressive hybridization between Schistosoma haematobium and S. haematobium x S. mattheei in the Eastern Transvaal

1988 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. J. Kruger ◽  
V. L. Hamilton-Attwell
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Schistosoma Haematobium ◽  
Introgressive Hybridization ◽  
Human Infection ◽  
Infection Rates ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Scanning Electron

ABSTRACTSchistosoma haematobium miracidia were collected from a locality with a high prevalence of human infection with the animal parasite, S. mattheei, which hybridizes with S. haematobium, and from 2 localities with negligible infection rates. The terebratoria of the miracidia from these localities were compared with each other, with laboratory maintained S. haematobium and with four populations of S. mattheei by means of scanning electron microscopy. It was found that the terebratorial membrane of certain of the S. haematobium miracidia from the locality with a high S. mattheei prevalence in humans, resembled the more intricate membrane of S. mattheei. This suggests introgressive hybridization between S. haematobium and S. haematobium x S. mattheei.

scholarly journals High prevalence of Schistosoma haematobium × Schistosoma bovis hybrids in schoolchildren in Côte d'Ivoire

Parasitology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 147 (3) ◽  
pp. 287-294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Etienne K. Angora ◽  
Jean-François Allienne ◽  
Olivier Rey ◽  
Hervé Menan ◽  
André O. Touré ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cote D'ivoire ◽  
Schistosoma Haematobium ◽  
Côte D’Ivoire ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Cote D’Ivoire ◽  
Mitochondrial Cox1 ◽  
Fta Cards ◽  
Côte D'ivoire ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Sub Saharan

AbstractSchistosomiasis is a neglected tropical disease, though it is highly prevalent in many parts of sub-Saharan Africa. While Schistosoma haematobium-bovis hybrids have been reported in West Africa, no data about Schistosoma hybrids in humans are available from Côte d'Ivoire. This study aimed to identify and quantify S. haematobium-bovis hybrids among schoolchildren in four localities of Côte d'Ivoire. Urine samples were collected and examined by filtration to detect Schistosoma eggs. Eggs were hatched and 503 miracidia were individually collected and stored on Whatman® FTA cards for molecular analysis. Individual miracidia were molecularly characterized by analysis of mitochondrial cox1 and nuclear internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS 2) DNA regions. A mitochondrial cox1-based diagnostic polymerase chain reaction was performed on 459 miracidia, with 239 (52.1%) exhibiting the typical band for S. haematobium and 220 (47.9%) the S. bovis band. The cox1 and ITS 2 amplicons were Sanger sequenced from 40 randomly selected miracidia to confirm species and hybrids status. Among the 33 cox1 sequences analysed, we identified 15 S. haematobium sequences (45.5%) belonging to seven haplotypes and 18 S. bovis sequences (54.5%) belonging to 12 haplotypes. Of 40 ITS 2 sequences analysed, 31 (77.5%) were assigned to pure S. haematobium, four (10.0%) to pure S. bovis and five (12.5%) to S. haematobium-bovis hybrids. Our findings suggest that S. haematobium-bovis hybrids are common in Côte d'Ivoire. Hence, intense prospection of domestic and wild animals is warranted to determine whether zoonotic transmission occurs.

scholarly journals Neurocysticercosis – A Journey from Pre-independence to Modern India

2016 ◽  
Vol 52 (02) ◽  
pp. 076-099
Author(s):  
Gagandeep Singh ◽  
Monika Singla
Keyword(s):  
Indian Subcontinent ◽  
Taenia Solium ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Ct Scans ◽  
Common Finding ◽  
Cns Involvement ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Endemic Areas ◽  
Sub Saharan

ABSTRACTNeurocysticercosis (NCC) is infestation of the human brain by the larva of worm, Taenia solium and is the most prevalent central nervous system (CNS) helminthiasis. The disease is widespread in tropical and subtropical regions of the world, including the Indian subcontinent, China, Sub-Saharan Africa, Central and South America and contributes substantially to the burden of epilepsy in these areas(1) . CNS involvement is seen in 60-90% of systemic cysticercosis. About 2.5 million people worldwide are infected with T. solium, and antibodies to T. solium are seen in up to 25% of people in endemic areas(1-3) . A higher prevalence of epilepsy and seizures in endemic countries is partly because of a high prevalence of cysticercosis in these regions. Seizures are thought to be caused by NCC in as many as 30% of adult patients and in 51% of children in population based endemic regions (2) . About 12% of admissions to neurological services in endemic regions are attributed to NCC and nearly half a million deaths occurring annually worldwide can be attributed directly or indirectly to NCC (Bern et al.). Punctate calcific foci on CT scan are a very common finding in asymptomatic people residing in endemic areas, found in 14-20 % of CT scans. Both seizures and positive cysticercus serology are associated with the detection of cysticerci on CT scans. Seroprevalence using a recently developed CDC- based enzyme-linked immunotransfer blot (EITB) assay is estimated at 8-12% in Latin America and 4.9-24% in Africa and South-East Asia. It is estimated that 20 million people harbour neurocysticercosis worldwide(1) .

scholarly journals P083 High prevalence of ulcerative appendicitis in UC patients without colonic disease activity

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S183-S184
Author(s):  
L Heuthorst ◽  
A Mookhoek ◽  
M Wildenberg ◽  
G D’Haens ◽  
W Bemelman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Appendicitis ◽  
Disease Activity ◽  
Colon Carcinoma ◽  
Colonic Disease ◽  
Extensive Disease ◽  
Histological Features ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Histological Characteristics ◽  
Appendiceal Inflammation

Abstract Background The aim of the current study was to assess histological features of appendices from patients with UC and its clinical relevance. Methods Patients with UC in remission and active UC (therapy refractory) that underwent an appendectomy in the frame of clinical trials between 2012–2019 were included. Histological features of UC appendices were compared to those of patients with acute appendicitis and colon carcinoma. The Robarts Histopathology Index score (RHI) was used to assess appendiceal inflammation. In patients with active UC, clinical and histological characteristics were compared between patients with and without endoscopic response after appendectomy. Results In total, 140 appendix specimens were assessed (n=35 UC remission, n=35 active UC, n=35 acute appendicitis, n=35 colon carcinoma). Histological features of appendices from UC patients looked like UC rather than acute appendicitis. The incidence of active appendiceal inflammation was not different between UC patients in remission versus active disease (53.7% versus 46.3%, p=0.45) and limited versus extensive disease (58.5% versus 41.5%, p=0.50). Endoscopic response, assessed in 28 therapy refractory patients, was more frequently seen in patients with higher RHI scores (RHI&gt;9 81.8% versus RHI≤9 9.1%, p=0.004) and limited disease (proctitis/left sided 63.6% versus pancolitis 36.4%, p=0.02). Conclusion The presence of active appendiceal inflammation is common in UC and not related to disease activity in the colon. More than 50% of UC patients in remission show active histological disease in the appendix. Favorable response to appendectomy for refractory UC was seen in cases with ulcerative appendicitis. These findings might support the role of the appendix as a driving force in UC.

scholarly journals Development of a Genomics-Based Approach To Identify Putative Hypervirulent Nontyphoidal Salmonella Isolates: Salmonella enterica Serovar Saintpaul as a Model

mSphere ◽  
2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruixi Chen ◽  
Rachel A. Cheng ◽  
Martin Wiedmann ◽  
Renato H. Orsi
Keyword(s):  
Human Disease ◽  
Salmonella Enterica ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Clinical Illness ◽  
Source Populations ◽  
Clinical Cases

Not all Salmonella isolates are equally likely to cause human disease, and Salmonella control strategies may unintentionally focus on serovars and subtypes with high prevalence in source populations but are rarely associated with human clinical illness. We describe a framework leveraging WGS data in the NCBI PD database to identify Salmonella subtypes over- and underrepresented among human clinical cases.

scholarly journals Dystocia due to congenital defects in Iraqi ewes at Fallujah

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 33-36
Author(s):  
A Majeed ◽  
A Alwon ◽  
Q Aboud ◽  
A Mohammed ◽  
A Abood
Keyword(s):  
Veterinary Medicine ◽  
Congenital Anomalies ◽  
Private Clinic ◽  
Congenital Defects ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Methods Of Treatment ◽  
Clinical Cases

The study was conducted on 14 clinical cases of congenital anomalies in Iraqi ewes out of 474 Iraqi ewes suffering from dystocia cases presented to the clinic of department of obstetrics\ College of Veterinary Medicine/ University of Fallujah and Private Clinic) during the period from 1995 to 2017. The Prevalence of anomalies was 2.95% in Iraqi ewes recorded at Fallujah. High prevalence of anomalies were observed in male in this study 9/14 (64.28%) than in female 5/14 (35.72%). Different types of congenital anomalies that leads to dystocia were arthrogryposis (4/14-28.57%), brachygnathia (4/14-28.57%), hydrocephalus (3/14-21.42%) and ascites (3/14-21-42%). Prenatal losses was noticed in all cases. The methods of treatment used to relief these cases were C.S and fetotomy.

A demonstration of the presence of anti-snail antibodies in individuals infected with Schistosoma haematobium

1976 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 59-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. F. H. G Jackson ◽  
P. P. De Moor
Keyword(s):  
Intermediate Host ◽  
Schistosoma Haematobium ◽  
Population Groups ◽  
Endemic Areas

AbstractAn extract of the snail Bulinus (Physopsis) africanus, the intermediate host of Schistosoma haematobium, was used as the antigen in haemagglutination tests in a survey of the prevalence of anti-snail antibodies in various population groups. It was found that sera from known bilharzia-infected individuals and randomly selected individuals from bilhanda endemic areas had significantly higher incidences as well as higher titres of antibodies to this snail antigen than non-infected individuals and individuals from non-endemic areas.

scholarly journals Schistosomiasis as a Cause of Acute Appendicitis in Non-Endemic Areas

2017 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. S25
Author(s):  
H. Malallah ◽  
T. Al-Onaizi ◽  
A. Shuaib ◽  
K. Alsharaf ◽  
A. Behbehani
Keyword(s):  
Acute Appendicitis ◽  
Endemic Areas

scholarly journals Deficient Knowledge on Hepatitis B Infection in Pregnant Women and Prevalence of Hepatitis B Surface Antigen Carriage in an Endemic Area: A Review

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oi Ka Chan ◽  
Terence T. Lao ◽  
Stephen S. H. Suen ◽  
Tak Yeung Leung
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽  
Hbv Infection ◽  
Hepatitis B Infection ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Immunization Programme ◽  
B Virus ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Endemic Areas ◽  
Potential Factors

Hepatitis B infection is a major global health problem. Vertical transmission is the commonest route of spreading hepatitis B virus (HBV) in many endemic areas. In order to control such transmission in Hong Kong, neonatal immunization programme was implemented for more than two decades. A declining prevalence of HBV infection was expected. However, the prevalence remained unabated at around 10% in recent studies. We suspect that one of the explanations of this persistent high prevalence is deficient knowledge on infection with the HBV and its prevention. Our paper gives an overview of the knowledge on HBV infection among Chinese population in both high and low endemic areas and discusses the potential factors that influenced the knowledge on as well as the implication of the sources of information for HBV infection, which was not addressed in previous studies.

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