scholarly journals Early diagnosis and space occupying disease an ever increasing complex problem.

2022 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 109
Author(s):  
Peter J. Ell
Keyword(s):  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Complex Problem

scholarly journals Markers of myocardial ischemia: pathophysiological substantiation of clinical application

2018 ◽  
pp. 17-25
Author(s):  
Н.П. Лямина ◽  
Э.С. Карпова ◽  
Е.В. Котельникова
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Myocardial Ischemia ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Complex Problem ◽  
Ischemic Damage ◽  
Highly Sensitive

Распространенность сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний с проявлениями ишемии диктует необходимость поиска методов, которые позволяют выявлять ишемию на ранних этапах ее развития, что дает возможность более эффективного лечения, корректирования состояния больных и предупреждения возможных осложнений. В современной клинической практике для диагностики ишемической болезни сердца применяется множество методов различных по своей достоверности и информативности. Одним из перспективных методов ранней диагностики ишемической болезни сердца является идентификация биохимических и молекулярных маркеров, которые чувствительны и специфичны для ишемического повреждения миокарда на ранних сроках в отсутствии некроза и повышения маркеров клеточного повреждения кардиомиоцитов. Использование биомаркеров ранней диагностики ишемии является перспективным подходом к решению комплексной задачи безопасного кардиомониторинга больных с различными сердечно-сосудистыми заболеваниями. Благодаря определению достаточно простых, но вместе с этим высокочувствительных и специфичных маркеров ишемии миокарда и кардиопротекции можно значительно повысить эффективность оказания медицинской помощи. Prevalence of cardiovascular diseases with manifestations of ischemia dictates requirement for methods for early detection of ischemia, which provides more effective treatment, correction of patient’s condition, and prevention of possible complications. In modern clinical practice, a variety of methods is used for detection of IHD, which differ in their reliability and informativeness. One of promising methods for early diagnosis of coronary heart disease is identification of biochemical and molecular markers that are sensitive and specific for early ischemic damage of the myocardium in the absence of necrosis and increased markers of cardiomyocyte injury. The use of biomarkers for early diagnosis of ischemia is a promising approach to solving the complex problem of safe cardiomonitoring in patients with different cardiovascular diseases. By identifying rather simple but at the same time highly sensitive and specific markers for myocardial ischemia and cardioprotection, the efficiency of medical care can be significantly improved.

Red Flags: Barriers to Listening and Spoken Language in Children with Hearing Loss

2014 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-18
Author(s):  
Andrea Bell ◽  
K. Todd Houston
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Skill Acquisition ◽  
Dynamic Process ◽  
Spoken Language ◽  
Red Flags ◽  
Careful Monitoring ◽  
Auditory Development ◽  
Children With Hearing Loss ◽  
Family Centered

To ensure optimal auditory development for the acquisition of spoken language, children with hearing loss require early diagnosis, effective ongoing audiological management, well fit and maintained hearing technology, and appropriate family-centered early intervention. When these elements are in place, children with hearing loss can achieve developmental and communicative outcomes that are comparable to their hearing peers. However, for these outcomes to occur, clinicians—early interventionists, speech-language pathologists, and pediatric audiologists—must participate in a dynamic process that requires careful monitoring of countless variables that could impact the child's skill acquisition. This paper addresses some of these variables or “red flags,” which often are indicators of both minor and major issues that clinicians may encounter when delivering services to young children with hearing loss and their families.

Neonatal Serum Electrolyte and Proteinuria Screening on 46,XY Ambiguous Genitalia Patients May Allow Early Diagnosis of Denys-Drash Syndrome: A Case Report

Urology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angelena Edwards ◽  
Niccolo M. Passoni ◽  
Rebecca Collins ◽  
Smitha Vidi ◽  
Jyothsna Gattineni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Ambiguous Genitalia ◽  
Serum Electrolyte ◽  
Drash Syndrome

Serum Vitamin B12 Concentrations among Mothers and Newborns and Follow-up Study to Assess Implication on the Growth Velocity and the Urinary Methylmalonic Acid Excretion

2009 ◽  
Vol 79 (56) ◽  
pp. 297-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laila Hussein ◽  
Sahar Abdel Aziz ◽  
Salwa Tapouzada ◽  
Boehles
Keyword(s):  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Growth Velocity ◽  
Methylmalonic Acid ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Serum Vitamin ◽  
Vitamin B ◽  
Postnatal Life ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Metabolic Marker ◽  
Biochemical Measurement

Objective:Cobalamin (B12) deficiency has been reported in infants born to mothers with low cobalamin intake. Early diagnosis of vitamin B12 deficiency in infants is critical for the prevention of neurobehavioral disorders. We investigated the relationship between serum vitamin B12 level in newborns and in their healthy mothers who consumed an omnivorous diet. Anthropometry was studied longitudinally to assess the growth velocity of the infants. Urinary methylmalonic acid (MMA) excretion of 6-month old infants was compared retrospectively as the biomarker correlated with the initial serum vitamin B12 concentrations. Methods: Serum cobalamin and blood hemoglobin were determined in 84 pairs of newborns and their mothers. Urinary MMA excretion was measured in the same subjects during the first 6 months of the post partum period. Results: At birth, median serum cobalamin levels were 152.0 pmol/L in the mothers and 296.6 pmol/L in the newborns. Maternal and neonatal serum cobalamin levels had no effect on growth velocity during the first six months of postnatal life. Serum maternal and neonatal cobalamin levels were inversely associated with urinary MMA excretion. Conclusion: Early diagnosis of vitamin B12 status in neonates and infants is crucial, particularly in nutritionally deprived areas. Biochemical measurement of plasma cobalamin or its metabolic marker MMA is highly recommended. Urinary MMA measurement in cobalamin diagnostics provides an advantage in that blood sampling is not required. A vitamin B12 taskforce should be created to alleviate vitamin deficiency and its negative consequences.

Complex Problem Solving and Worked Examples

2009 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florian Schmidt-Weigand ◽  
Martin Hänze ◽  
Rita Wodzinski
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Cognitive Load ◽  
Learning Experience ◽  
Worked Examples ◽  
Complex Problem ◽  
Complex Problem Solving ◽  
Strategic Learning ◽  
Learning Behavior ◽  
Worked Example ◽  
8Th Grade

How can worked examples be enhanced to promote complex problem solving? N = 92 students of the 8th grade attended in pairs to a physics problem. Problem solving was supported by (a) a worked example given as a whole, (b) a worked example presented incrementally (i.e. only one solution step at a time), or (c) a worked example presented incrementally and accompanied by strategic prompts. In groups (b) and (c) students self-regulated when to attend to the next solution step. In group (c) each solution step was preceded by a prompt that suggested strategic learning behavior (e.g. note taking, sketching, communicating with the learning partner, etc.). Prompts and solution steps were given on separate sheets. The study revealed that incremental presentation lead to a better learning experience (higher feeling of competence, lower cognitive load) compared to a conventional presentation of the worked example. However, only if additional strategic learning behavior was prompted, students remembered the solution more correctly and reproduced more solution steps.

The Prediction of Problem-Solving Assessed Via Microworlds

2016 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 298-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel Greiff ◽  
Katarina Krkovic ◽  
Jarkko Hautamäki
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Problem Solving ◽  
Complex Problem ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Assessment Instruments ◽  
Complex Problem Solving ◽  
Visual Spatial ◽  
Rule Knowledge ◽  
Rule Application ◽  
Fluid Reasoning

Abstract. In this study, we explored the network of relations between fluid reasoning, working memory, and the two dimensions of complex problem solving, rule knowledge and rule application. In doing so, we replicated the recent study by Bühner, Kröner, and Ziegler (2008) and the structural relations investigated therein [ Bühner, Kröner, & Ziegler, (2008) . Working memory, visual-spatial intelligence and their relationship to problem-solving. Intelligence, 36, 672–680]. However, in the present study, we used different assessment instruments by employing assessments of figural, numerical, and verbal fluid reasoning, an assessment of numerical working memory, and a complex problem solving assessment using the MicroDYN approach. In a sample of N = 2,029 Finnish sixth-grade students of which 328 students took the numerical working memory assessment, the findings diverged substantially from the results reported by Bühner et al. Importantly, in the present study, fluid reasoning was the main source of variation for rule knowledge and rule application, and working memory contributed only a little added value. Albeit generally in line with previously conducted research on the relation between complex problem solving and other cognitive abilities, these findings directly contrast the results of Bühner et al. (2008) who reported that only working memory was a source of variation in complex problem solving, whereas fluid reasoning was not. Explanations for the different patterns of results are sought, and implications for the use of assessment instruments and for research on interindividual differences in complex problem solving are discussed.

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