scholarly journals Equidade na Utilização de Consultas Médicas em Portugal: Na saúde e na Doença, na Riqueza e na Pobreza?

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 93
Author(s):  
Carlota Quintal ◽  
Micaela Antunes
Keyword(s):  
National Health ◽  
Family Physician ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Negative Binomial ◽  
Multivariate Regression Analysis ◽  
National Health Survey ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Physician Visits ◽  
Income Related Inequality ◽  
Self Assessed Health

Introduction: Equity is a central goal of health policy in Portugal. However, empirical evidence regarding healthcare usage is scarce and there is a lack of up-to-date results. Our objective is to evaluate whether the principle of equal utilisation for equal need has been met.Material and Methods: We use data from the National Health Survey 2014. Healthcare usage is measured by the number of visits to a Family Physician or to a hospital-based specialist. To assess the factors affecting usage we adopted a multivariate regression analysis (Negative Binomial Model). To quantify income-related inequality/inequity in utilisation we computed the concentration index.Results: Better self-assessed health and absence of limitations in daily activities decrease usage; suffering from chronic disease increases usage. Income is not statistically significant; education positively affects usage with a pronounced effect. Living in urban areas increases usage as well as living in Lisbon (compared to North). Living in Algarve or Madeira, or benefiting only from the National Health Service coverage negatively affects usage. The possibility for equity in Family Physician visits cannot be discarded. Regarding hospital based specialist and total visits, the evidence suggests the existence of pro-rich inequity.Discussion: The observed income-related inequity seems to reflect inequalities in other non-need variables. Whether the results are affected by overuse, in the case of hospital based specialist visits, is an issue open to question.Conclusion: Portugal evolved favourably in terms of equity in healthcare usage but several challenges remain.

scholarly journals Prevalence and factors associated with family planning during COVID-19 pandemic in Bangladesh: A cross-sectional study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (9) ◽  
pp. e0257634
Author(s):  
Nitai Roy ◽  
Md. Bony Amin ◽  
Maskura Jahan Maliha ◽  
Bibhuti Sarker ◽  
Md Aktarujjaman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Household Head ◽  
Multivariate Regression Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Oral Contraceptive Pills ◽  
Factors Affecting

Background and objectives The COVID-19 pandemic has negatively impacted health systems worldwide, including in Bangladesh, limiting access to family planning information (FP) and services. Unfortunately, the evidence on the factors linked to such disruption is limited, and no study has addressed the link among Bangladeshis. This study aimed to examine the socioeconomic, demographic, and other critical factors linked to the use of FP in the studied areas during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods The characteristics of the respondents were assessed using a cross-sectional questionnaire survey and descriptive statistics. The variables that were substantially linked with FP usage were identified using a Chi-square test. In addition, a multivariate logistic regression model was used to identify the parameters linked to FP in the study areas during the COVID-19 pandemic. Results The prevalence of FP use among currently married 15–49 years aged women was 36.03% suggesting a 23% (approximately) decrease compared to before pandemic data. Results also showed that 24.42% of the respondents were using oral contraceptive pills (OCP) which is lower than before pandemic data (61.7%). Multivariate regression analysis provided broader insight into the factors affecting FP use. Results showed that woman’s age, education level of the respondents, working status of the household head, locality, reading a newspaper, FP workers’ advice, currently using OCP, ever used OCP, husbands’ supportive attitude towards OCP use, duration of the marriage, ever pregnant, the number of children and dead child were significantly associated with FP use in the study areas during COVID-19 pandemic. Conclusions This study discusses unobserved factors that contributed to a reduction in FP use and identifies impediments to FP use in Bangladesh during the COVID-19 epidemic. This research further adds to our understanding of FP usage by revealing the scope of the COVID-19 pandemic’s impact on FP use in Bangladesh’s rural and urban areas.

The use of complementary and alternative medicine in Iceland: Results from a national health survey

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (6) ◽  
pp. 602-608
Author(s):  
Thora Jenny Gunnarsdottir ◽  
Brynja Örlygsdóttir ◽  
Rúnar Vilhjálmsson
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Medicine ◽  
Complementary And Alternative Medicine ◽  
National Health ◽  
Health Survey ◽  
National Health Survey ◽  
Physician Visits ◽  
The Past ◽  
Cam Use ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Complementary And Alternative

Background: The use of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) has increased in Western societies in recent years. In a national health survey conducted in 2006 in Iceland, 31.8% of the population had used CAM in the past 12 months; however, the trend of CAM use since then is unknown. This study’s aim was to describe participants’ use of CAM providers in Iceland in 2015 and compare it to the results of the previous survey. The current study explored the relationship between the participants’ use of CAM and their background, religiosity, healthcare attitudes, mental and physical health, and physician visits. Methods: The study was based on a national health survey conducted in the Spring of 2015. The questionnaire was mailed to a random sample of Icelandic adults, aged 18–75. Altogether 1599 respondents returned valid questionnaires (response rate 58%). The standardized questions were developed and tested in previous health surveys. Results: Nearly 40% of respondents had used CAM in the past 12 months. This is an estimated 8.4% increase since 2006. Women and people with more education were more likely than other participants to use CAM. Repeated physician visits were related to increased likelihood of CAM use. Individuals with high anxiety were more likely than others to use CAM. Conclusions: Icelanders use CAM providers to a considerable degree, and CAM use has increased in recent years. Most CAM users appear to use CAM to complement care received in the general health system.

scholarly journals Correlates of Screen-Based Behaviors Among 88,509 Adults: Observations from the 2019 Brazilian National Health Survey

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danilo R Silva ◽  
Paul Collings ◽  
Raphael H O Araujo ◽  
Luciana L Barboza ◽  
Célia L Szwarcwald ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
National Health ◽  
Health Survey ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
National Health Survey ◽  
High Risk Population ◽  
Viewing Time ◽  
Sedentary Behaviors ◽  
Tv Viewing

Abstract We aimed to investigate correlates of TV viewing and other types of screen-based behaviors in a nationally representative sample of Brazilian adults. In the 2019 Brazilian National Health Survey (including 88,509 adults), TV viewing time and other types of screen behaviors (computer, tablet, and cellphone use) were self-reported and numerous geographical, sociodemographic, behavioral, and health status factors were investigated as potential correlates. Multinomial logistic regression models were used for the main analyses. Living in capital cities, urban areas, being unemployed, high consumption of soft drinks, obesity, and elevated depressive symptoms were each associated with more TV viewing and more time using other types of screens. There were differential associations between TV viewing and the use of other types of screen across age and socioeconomic variables. For instance, younger adults have a more diverse portfolio of screen time than older adults. To conclude, levels of screen-based behaviors vary by geographical, sociodemographic, behavioral, and health status characteristics. Interventions should focus on high-risk population groups and may benefit from targeting specific sedentary behaviors of interest.

scholarly journals Prevalence of stroke and associated disability in Brazil: National Health Survey - 2013

2015 ◽  
Vol 73 (9) ◽  
pp. 746-750 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabela M. Bensenor ◽  
Alessandra C. Goulart ◽  
Célia Landmann Szwarcwald ◽  
Maria Lucia França Pontes Vieira ◽  
Deborah Carvalho Malta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
National Health ◽  
Health Survey ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Severe Disabilities ◽  
National Health Survey ◽  
Education Level ◽  
Prevalence Rates ◽  
Post Stroke ◽  
Stroke Prevalence ◽  
Stroke Disability

There is scarce data about prevalence of stroke in Brazil. The National Health Survey (PNS) is a community-based epidemiological survey, with a nationally representative sample to assess the absolute numbers with respective prevalence rates of stroke and post-stroke disabilities. It was estimated 2,231.000 stroke and 568,000 stroke cases with severe disabilities. The point prevalences was 1.6% and 1.4% in men and women, respectively. The prevalences of post-stroke disabilities were 29.5% for men and 21.5% for women. Stroke prevalence rates increased with aging, low education level, among people living in urban areas with no difference according to self-reported skin color. The degree of post-stroke disability was not statistically different according to sex, race, education level or living area. This new data from PNS show high stroke prevalence rates especially in older individuals without formal education and urban dweller, but the degree of stroke disability was not determined by the sociodemographic characteristics of the Brazilian population.

scholarly journals Lifestyles, Health, and Life Satisfaction among the Portuguese Seniors

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aida Isabel Tavares
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Generation X ◽  
National Health ◽  
Good Health ◽  
National Health Survey ◽  
Determinants Of Health ◽  
Main Determinants ◽  
Self Assessed Health

This chapter focuses on the interaction between lifestyles, health, and life satisfaction of Portuguese seniors. The aim of the analysis is to find the main determinants of health and life satisfaction and to verify the importance of lifestyle variables as determinants of health and life satisfaction. We used data collected by the National Health Survey of 2014 and estimated two ordered probits. The main results show that not all lifestyle variables are meaningful in explaining self-assessed health and life satisfaction. The determinants of the health status include education and income; however, it can be assumed that overall good health, family, or close people and income contribute to life satisfaction. A general profile of the Portuguese seniors is provided; however, the results obtained here are changing as a new scenario is emerging, generation X enters old age.

scholarly journals Correlates of screen-based behaviors among adults from the 2019 Brazilian National Health Survey

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Danilo R. Silva ◽  
Paul Collings ◽  
Raphael H. O. Araujo ◽  
Luciana L. Barboza ◽  
Célia L. Szwarcwald ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
National Health ◽  
Health Survey ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
National Health Survey ◽  
High Risk Population ◽  
Viewing Time ◽  
Sedentary Behaviors ◽  
Tv Viewing

AbstractWe aimed to investigate correlates of TV viewing and other types of screen-based behaviors in a nationally representative sample of Brazilian adults. In the 2019 Brazilian National Health Survey (including 88,509 adults), TV viewing time and other types of screen behaviors (computer, tablet, and cellphone use) were self-reported and different geographical, sociodemographic, behavioral, and health status factors were investigated as potential correlates. Multinomial logistic regression models were used for the main analyses. Living in capital cities, urban areas, being unemployed, high consumption of soft drinks, obesity, and elevated depressive symptoms were each associated with more TV viewing and more time using other types of screens. There were differential associations between TV viewing and the use of other types of screen across age and socioeconomic variables. For instance, younger adults have a more diverse portfolio of screen time than older adults. To conclude, levels of screen-based behaviors vary by geographical, sociodemographic, behavioral, and health status characteristics. Interventions should focus on high-risk population groups and may benefit from targeting specific sedentary behaviors of interest.

The National Health Survey: Some General Findings as to Disease, Accidents, and Impairments in Urban Areas

1940 ◽  
Vol 55 (11) ◽  
pp. 444 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rollo H. Britten ◽  
Selwyn D. Collins ◽  
James S. Fitzgerald
Keyword(s):  
National Health ◽  
Health Survey ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
National Health Survey
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