scholarly journals Risk Factors, Length of Stay and In-Hospital Mortality of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Infections: A Case-Control Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 174
Author(s):  
Rúben Rodrigues ◽  
Rui Passadouro Fonseca ◽  
Odete Gomes ◽  
Ricardo Castro
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Hospital Mortality ◽  
Hospital Stay ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Methicillin Resistance ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Control Study

Introduction: The emergence of strains of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus is a serious therapeutic challenge in healthcare provision. With this study, we aimed to investigate the risk factors and clinical outcomes (mortality and length of hospital stay) associated with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infections in patients admitted to a district hospital in Portugal.Material and Methods: A case-control study was performed in 96 cases and 122 controls, selected, respectively, as function of antibiotic resistance or sensitivity to methicillin. Data were obtained through consultation of clinical records and subjected to multivariate statistical analysis.Results: We identified the following independent risk factors for the occurrence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infection: urinary catheter (aOR = 10.62, 95% CI 3.66 – 30.78), prior use of antibiotics in the last 30 days (aOR = 5.60, 95% CI 2.15 – 14.62), exposure to 5 - 7 days of hospitalization (aOR = 4.99, 95% CI 1.20 – 20.79) or to ≥ 8 days (aOR = 5.34, 95% CI 1.18 – 24.22), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (aOR = 4.27, 95% CI 1.64 – 11.13) and recent hospitalization (aOR = 2.66, 95% CI 1.14 – 6.23). Compared to infections due to methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus, we found increased probability of having a longer hospital stay (aHR = 1.74, 95% CI 1.11 – 2.71) and in-hospital mortality was significantly higher (p = 0.001) between patients infected by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.Discussion: The results demonstrate that methicillin resistance is associated with an increased clinical risk to patients infected by Staphylococcus aureus, in particular, a raised mortality and prolonged hospitalization.Conclusion: Our study underlines the additional burden imposed by methicillin resistance in Staphylococcus aureus infections. This highlights an urgent need to reinforce and optimize prevention, control, timely detection and effective treatment strategies for multidrug--resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains. 

scholarly journals Diabetic Foot Infections: Local Prevalence of and Case–Control Study of Risk Factors for Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Justin J Kim ◽  
Alison Lydecker ◽  
Rohini Davé ◽  
Jacqueline T Bork ◽  
Mary-Claire Roghmann
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Diabetic Foot ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Diabetic Foot Infections ◽  
Control Study

Abstract We identified deep diabetic foot infections by culture and conducted a case–control study examining the risk factors for moderate to severe methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PsA) diabetic foot infections. Our MRSA prevalence was lower than literature values; PsA was higher. Gangrene may be predictive of Pseudomonas infection.

Prevalence of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Risk Factors for Carriage in Dutch Hospitals

2010 ◽  
Vol 31 (11) ◽  
pp. 1188-1190 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. Kaiser ◽  
A. J. P. Haenen ◽  
A. J. de Neeling ◽  
C. M. J. E. Vandenbroucke-Grauls
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Prevalence Survey ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Professional Contact ◽  
Nested Case Control ◽  
Control Study

To evaluate the actual burden of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and determine risk factors for carriage and infection, we performed a prevalence survey with a nested case-control study among inpatients in Dutch hospitals. The prevalence of carriage was 0.94 cases per 1,000 inpatients, and the prevalence of infection was 0.21 cases per 1,000 inPatients. Professional contact with livestock and a stay in a foreign hospital were associated with carriage.

scholarly journals Lifestyle-Associated Risk Factors for Community-Acquired Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Carriage in the Netherlands: An Exploratory Hospital-Based Case-Control Study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. e65594 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miranda M. L. van Rijen ◽  
Marjolein F. Q. Kluytmans-van den Bergh ◽  
Erwin J. M. Verkade ◽  
Peter B. G. ten Ham ◽  
Beth J. Feingold ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Associated Risk Factors ◽  
Control Study

scholarly journals Determining the clinical significance of co-colonization of vancomycin-resistant enterococci and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in the intestinal tracts of patients in intensive care units: a case–control study

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Young Kyung Yoon ◽  
Min Jung Lee ◽  
Yongguk Ju ◽  
Sung Eun Lee ◽  
Kyung Sook Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Intensive Care Units ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Vancomycin Resistant ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Background The emergence of vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (VRSA) has become a global concern for public health. The proximity of vancomycin-resistant enterococcus (VRE) and methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) is considered to be one of the foremost risk factors for the development of VRSA. This study aimed to determine the incidence, risk factors, and clinical outcomes of intestinal co-colonization with VRE and MRSA. Methods A case–control study was conducted in 52-bed intensive care units (ICUs) of a university-affiliated hospital from September 2012 to October 2017. Active surveillance using rectal cultures for VRE were conducted at ICU admission and on a weekly basis. Weekly surveillance cultures for detection of rectal MRSA were also conducted in patients with VRE carriage. Patients with intestinal co-colonization of VRE and MRSA were compared with randomly selected control patients with VRE colonization alone (1:1). Vancomycin minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) for MRSA isolates were determined by the Etest. Results Of the 4679 consecutive patients, 195 cases and 924 controls were detected. The median monthly incidence and duration of intestinal co-colonization with VRE and MRSA were 2.3/1000 patient-days and 7 days, respectively. The frequency of both MRSA infections and mortality attributable to MRSA were higher in the case group than in the control group: 56.9% vs. 44.1% (P = 0.011) and 8.2% vs. 1.0% (P = 0.002), respectively. Independent risk factors for intestinal co-colonization were enteral tube feeding (odds ratio [OR], 2.09; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.32–3.32), metabolic diseases (OR, 1.75; 95% CI 1.05–2.93), male gender (OR, 1.62; 95% CI 1.06–2.50), and Charlson comorbidity index < 3 (OR, 3.61; 95% CI 1.88–6.94). All MRSA isolates from case patients were susceptible to vancomycin (MIC ≤ 2 mg/L). Conclusions Our study indicates that intestinal co-colonization of VRE and MRSA occurs commonly among patients in the ICU with MRSA endemicity, which might be associated with poor clinical outcomes.

Risk Factors for Colonization or Infection Due to Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus in HIV-Positive Patients A Retrospective Case-Control Study

1999 ◽  
Vol 20 (01) ◽  
pp. 26-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle Onorato ◽  
Michael J. Borucki ◽  
Gwen Baillargeon ◽  
David P. Paar ◽  
Daniel H. Freeman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Central Venous Catheter ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Venous Catheter ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Central Venous ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Hospital Days ◽  
Control Study

AbstractObjective:To determine the risk factors for colonization or infection with methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureusin human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients.Design:Retrospective matched-pair case-control study.Setting:Continuity clinic and inpatient HIV service of a university medical center.Population:Patients with HIV infection from the general population of eastern and coastal Texas and from the Texas Department of Criminal Justice.Data Collection:Patient charts and the AIDS Care and Clinical Research Program Database were reviewed for the following: age, race, number of admissions, total hospital days, presence of a central venous catheter, serum albumin, total white blood cell count and absolute neutrophil count, invasive or surgical procedures, any cultures positive forS aureus, and a history of opportunistic illnesses, diabetes, or dermatologie diagnoses. Data also were collected on the administration of antibiotics, antiretroviral therapy, steroids, cancer chemotherapy, and subcutaneous medications.Results:In the univariate analysis, the presence of a central venous catheter, an underlying dermatologie disease, lower serum albumin, prior steroid therapy, and prior antibiotic therapy, particularly antistaphylococcal therapy or multiple courses of antibiotics, were associated with increased risk for colonization or infection with methicillin-resistantS aureus. Multivariate analysis yielded a model that included presence of a central venous catheter, underlying dermatologie disease, broad-spectrum antibiotic exposure, and number of hospital days as independent risk factors for colonization or infection with methicillin-resistantS aureus.Conclusions:In our HIV-infected patient population, prior hospitalization, exposure to broad-spectrum antibiotics, presence of a central venous catheter, and dermatologie disease were risk factors for acquisition of methicillin-resistantS aureus

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