scholarly journals The internal division of the Pliocene Lillo Formation: correlation between Cone Penetration Tests and lithostratigraphic type sections

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (3-4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jef Deckers ◽  
Stephen Louwye ◽  
Stijn Goolaerts
Keyword(s):  
North Sea ◽  
Basal Part ◽  
Dense Network ◽  
Cone Penetration ◽  
Additional Tool ◽  
Close Vicinity ◽  
Cone Penetration Tests ◽  
Rf Values ◽  
Penetration Tests ◽  
Internal Division

The highly fossiliferous Lillo Formation (Pliocene, southern margin North Sea Basin) is formally subdivided in five lithostratigraphical members. While these members are generally relatively easily identifiable in outcrops, they are much more difficultly identifiable in boreholes, hampering geological studies. In the Port of Antwerp area, however, an already existing and dense network of Cone Penetration Tests (CPTs) provides an alternative and additional tool for the recognition of the different lithologies in the Lillo Formation. CPTs reveal a clear geotechnical threefold division of the Formation. The lower and upper intervals, herein named CPT units Li-A and Li-C respectively, are characterized by high qc and low Rf values and correspond to shell-bearing, sandy lithologies. CPT unit Li-A can further be divided in a shelly basal subunit Li-A1 and an overlying sandy subunit Li-A2. CPT units Li-A and Li-C are separated by CPT unit Li-B characterized by low qc and high Rf values which correspond to more clayey lithologies. Four CPTs selected in close vicinity of four well-documented outcrops, some of them being formal stratotypes for the Formation and some of its members, allowed to correlate the geotechnical units with detailed lithological descriptions as well as the formal stratigraphy. CPT unit Li-A1 can be correlated to the Luchtbal Member and the basal part of the Oorderen Member, whereas unit Li-A2 corresponds to the superjacent sandy body of the Oorderen Member. The overlying CPT units Li-B and Li-C seem to correlate differently in different outcrops to the clayey upper part of the Oorderen Member, Kruisschans and Merksem Members. This inconsistency hinders any direct correlation between the geotechnical stratigraphy and lithostratigraphy of the Members of the Lillo Formation. Further research is needed to find the reason(s) for this inconsistency.

Prediction of pile shaft resistance using cone penetration tests (CPTs)

2012 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 74-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Hassan Baziar ◽  
Armin Kashkooli ◽  
Alireza Saeedi-Azizkandi
Keyword(s):  
Cone Penetration ◽  
Shaft Resistance ◽  
Pile Shaft ◽  
Cone Penetration Tests ◽  
Penetration Tests

scholarly journals Using CPTs to derive thermal properties of soil

2020 ◽  
Vol 205 ◽  
pp. 04005
Author(s):  
Philip J. Vardon ◽  
Joek Peuchen
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Heat Capacity ◽  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Field Investigation ◽  
Volumetric Heat Capacity ◽  
Cone Penetration ◽  
Cone Penetration Tests ◽  
Penetration Tests ◽  
Properties Of Soil

A method of utilizing cone penetration tests (CPTs) is presented which gives continuous profiles of both the in situ thermal conductivity and volumetric heat capacity, along with the in situ temperature, for the upper tens of meters of the ground. Correlations from standard CPT results (cone resistance, sleeve friction and pore pressure) are utilized for both thermal conductivity and volumetric heat capacity for saturated soil. These, in conjunction with point-wise thermal conductivity and in situ temperature results using a Thermal CPT (T-CPT), allow accurate continuous profiles to be derived. The CPT-based method is shown via a field investigation supported by laboratory tests to give accurate and robust results.

scholarly journals The architecture of the Kattendijk Formation and the implications on the early Pliocene depositional evolution of the southern margin of the North Sea Basin

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (3-4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jef DECKERS ◽  
Stephen LOUWYE
Keyword(s):  
Cone Penetration ◽  
Early Pliocene ◽  
Cone Penetration Tests ◽  
The North ◽  
Lower Oligocene ◽  
Deep Incision ◽  
The North Sea ◽  
Depositional Evolution ◽  
Penetration Tests ◽  
East West

An east-west correlation profile through the upper Neogene succession north of Antwerp, based on cone penetration tests, reveals the architecture of the lower Pliocene Kattendijk Formation. It shows a basal incision of the Kattendijk Formation down to 20 m in Miocene sands and locally even Lower Oligocene clays. The incision is part of a much larger gully system in the region at the base of the Kattendijk Formation. The strongest gully incision is observed along the western profile, and coincides with increases in the thickness of the Kattendijk Formation from its typical four to six meters thickness in the east towards a maximum of 15 m in the west. Correlations show that this additional thickness represents a separate sequence of the Kattendijk Formation that first filled the deepest part of the gully prior to being transgressed and covered by the second sequence deposited in a larger gully system. Both sequences of the Kattendijk Formation have basal transgressive layers, and are lithologically identical. Initial, deep incision at the base of the Kattendijk Formation might have been the result of the constriction of early Pliocene tidal currents that invaded and expanded fluvial or estuarine gullies that had developed during the latest Miocene sea-level low. A similar mechanism had been proposed for the development of late Miocene gully system at the base of the Diest Formation further southeast in northern Belgium. As the wider area was transgressed and covered by the second sequence of the Kattendijk Formation, flow constriction ended, currents weakened and gully incisions were reduced in size.

Comparison of Measured and Back Estimated Cone Penetration Resistance of Sand

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meen-Wah Gui ◽  
Dong-Sheng Jeng
Keyword(s):  
Penetration Resistance ◽  
Cavity Expansion ◽  
Cone Penetration ◽  
Cone Penetration Tests ◽  
Cone Tip Resistance ◽  
Tip Resistance ◽  
Cone Penetration Resistance ◽  
Expansion Theory ◽  
Cavity Expansion Theory ◽  
Penetration Tests

The application of cavity expansion theory in the back estimation of cone penetration tests conducted in calibration chambers has been carried out by many researchers. However, the theory is seldom employed by centrifuge modelers. Based on the work of spherical cavity expansion of previous researchers, this study proposed an analytical solution that incorporates the effects of cone geometry and surface roughness and the effect of compressibility to estimate the cone tip resistance. The calculated results are compared with the measured cone penetration resistance of four cone penetration tests performed in the centrifuge. The cone penetration tests were conducted in granular soil specimens having relative densities ranging between 54% and 89%. The comparison demonstrates the capacity of the cavity expansion theory in the prediction of the centrifuge cone penetration resistance.

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