scholarly journals Sedimentology of the Bieumont Member: influence of the Lion Member carbonate mounds (Frasnian, Belgium) on their sedimentary environment

2001 ◽  
Vol 3 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 97-118
Author(s):  
Marc HUMBLET ◽  
Frédéric BOULVAIN
Keyword(s):  
Sedimentary Environment ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Growth Cycle ◽  
Carbonate Sediments ◽  
Fore Reef ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Facies Variation ◽  
Well Differentiated ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Channel Deposits

This is a sedimentological study of Middle Frasnian Bieumont Member fore-reef and off-reef carbonate sediments exposed in the Chimay-Couvin region (Belgium). It is based on four stratigraphic sections: the Lompret quarry, the Frasnes railway section, the Leus quarry and southern parts of the Lion quarry. The Lompret section is here described for the first time and represents the main focus of this work. The Bieumont Member consists of a bedded sequence of argillaceous and bioclastic limestone. At Lompret, the Member is exposed with a thickness of 48 m (the basal contact is not exposed). The Member consists of 6 lithological units (in stratigraphic order): 1. argillaceous limestone with episodic intercalations of reef debris (distal reef talus), 2. an alternation of marl and argillaceous limestone (basinal background sediment), 3. thickly-bedded bioclastic limestone (channel deposits), 4. a sequence of argillaceous limestone (inter-channel deposits), 5. bioclastic limestone with sporadic occurrence of framestone (proximal fore-reef deposits) and 6. fine-grained, bioclastic limestone interbedded with prominent layers of reef debris (distal fore-reef deposits). Within unit 5, an isolated reef block transported down the paleoslope is present. Microfacies analysis revealed 16 microfacies units which together with the lithological subdivisions were used to reconstruct the dynamic sedimentary history of the Bieumont Member at Lompret. There are two orders of depositional rhythmicity. The reef growth cycle starts with the first significant influx of reef-related facies at the beginning of unit 3 and from thereon is well differentiated from the Bieumont Member stratotype which largely consists of lithologies equivalent to units 1 and 2. Progradation was directed to the South and related shallowing-upward conditions culminated during the deposition of unit 5. On a lower scale, rhythmic bedding within units 2 and 4 could be related to orbitally forced cycling. The vertical and lateral variations of facies within the Bieumont Member were used to reconstruct a depositional model for the Lompret area. In addition, the documentation of facies variation on a regional scale was enhanced by using data from the Focant borehole and geological surveys of Han-sur-Lesse and Barvaux regions.

Constructing the Seismograms of Future Earthquakes in Yunnan, China, Using Compressed Sensing

2020 ◽  
Vol 92 (1) ◽  
pp. 261-274
Author(s):  
Jie Zhang ◽  
Huiyu Zhu ◽  
Siwei Yu ◽  
Jianwei Ma
Keyword(s):  
Compressed Sensing ◽  
Active Fault ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Focal Mechanism Solution ◽  
Total Output ◽  
Detailed Knowledge ◽  
Large Dataset ◽  
Sensing Technology ◽  
Data Driven Approach ◽  
Using Data

Abstract The ability to calculate the seismogram of an earthquake at a local or regional scale is critical but challenging for many seismological studies because detailed knowledge about the 3D heterogeneities in the Earth’s subsurface, although essential, is often insufficient. Here, we present an application of compressed sensing technology that can help predict the seismograms of earthquakes at any position using data from past events randomly distributed in the same area in Jinggu County, Yunnan, China. This first data-driven approach for calculating seismograms generates a large dataset in 3D with a volume encompassing an active fault zone. The input number of earthquakes comprises only 1.27% of the total output events. We use the output data to create a database intended to find the best-matching waveform of a new event by applying an earthquake search engine, which instantly reveals the hypocenter and focal-mechanism solution.

scholarly journals Reservoir quality and its controlling diagenetic factors in the Bentiu Formation, Northeastern Muglad Basin, Sudan

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yousif M. Makeen ◽  
Xuanlong Shan ◽  
Mutari Lawal ◽  
Habeeb A. Ayinla ◽  
Siyuan Su ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clay Content ◽  
Petroleum Exploration ◽  
Reservoir Quality ◽  
Burial Depth ◽  
Petroleum Reservoir ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Porosity And Permeability ◽  
Negative Role ◽  
Crevasse Splay ◽  
Channel Deposits

AbstractThe Abu Gabra and Bentiu formations are widely distributed within the interior Muglad Basin. Recently, much attention has been paid to study, evaluate and characterize the Abu Gabra Formation as a proven reservoir in Muglad Basin. However, few studies have been documented on the Bentiu Formation which is the main oil/gas reservoir within the basin. Therefore, 33 core samples of the Great Moga and Keyi oilfields (NE Muglad Basin) were selected to characterize the Bentiu Formation reservoir using sedimentological and petrophysical analyses. The aim of the study is to de-risk exploration activities and improve success rate. Compositional and textural analyses revealed two main facies groups: coarse to-medium grained sandstone (braided channel deposits) and fine grained sandstone (floodplain and crevasse splay channel deposits). The coarse to-medium grained sandstone has porosity and permeability values within the range of 19.6% to 32.0% and 1825.6 mD to 8358.0 mD respectively. On the other hand, the fine grained clay-rich facies displays poor reservoir quality as indicated by porosity and permeability ranging from 1.0 to 6.0% and 2.5 to 10.0 mD respectively. A number of varied processes were identified controlling the reservoir quality of the studies samples. Porosity and permeability were enhanced by the dissolution of feldspars and micas, while presence of detrital clays, kaolinite precipitation, iron oxides precipitation, siderite, quartz overgrowths and pyrite cement played negative role on the reservoir quality. Intensity of the observed quartz overgrowth increases with burial depth. At great depths, a variability in grain contact types are recorded suggesting conditions of moderate to-high compactions. Furthermore, scanning electron microscopy revealed presence of micropores which have the tendency of affecting the fluid flow properties in the Bentiu Formation sandstone. These evidences indicate that the Bentiu Formation petroleum reservoir quality is primarily inhibited by grain size, total clay content, compaction and cementation. Thus, special attention should be paid to these inhibiting factors to reduce risk in petroleum exploration within the area.

The relationship between source supply and mixed deposition of siliciclastic and carbonate: First to second member of the Shahejie Formation, Paleogene, Bohai Sea area, China

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-28
Author(s):  
Wei Xu ◽  
Zhengyu Li ◽  
Huiyong Li ◽  
Can Zhang ◽  
Meng Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Bohai Sea ◽  
Source Area ◽  
Carbonate Sediments ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Strong Source ◽  
Shahejie Formation ◽  
Mixed Sediments ◽  
Sea Area ◽  
Buried Hill

There are various types of mixed siliciclastic-carbonate sediments developed in the Bohai Sea area during the period of the first to second member of the Shahejie Formation (E2s1-2) of the Paleocene. We have concluded that the period of E2s1-2 was very suitable for the development of carbonate minerals and organisms because of the stable tectonic background, the weak siliciclastic influence of large source systems outside the basin, and the high salinity of the water. There were many local uplifts inside the basin during E2s1-2, and the source area, supply direction, and quantity of the local provenance varied greatly. We summarized that the mixed sediments generally developed in the intermittent and stagnant periods of the source supply, or on the flank or distal end of the source supply direction due to the absence of direct interference of terrigenous clasts. To a large extent, the formation of different types of mixed deposits is controlled by the different spatiotemporal relationship with siliciclastic supply. The background of strong source supply led to the formation of large-scale mixed deposits that were mainly composed of terrigenous clasts. Mixed deposits are mainly composed of organisms and carbonate with relatively large depositional thickness formed on the flank of source supply in the steep slope area. On the flank of source supply in the gentle slope belt, thinner mixed deposits with terrigenous clasts mainly formed and thin-layer carbonate clastic-dominated deposits formed on abandoned deltas. On the uplift of the buried hill far away from the provenance, thick mixed deposits mainly composed of bioclastic were formed whereas fine-grained mixed deposits formed under the low-energy argillaceous background.

scholarly journals Theoretical Interpretation of the Exceptional Sediment Transport of Fine-grained Dispersal Systems Associated with Bedform Categories

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tian Zhao ◽  
Qian Yu ◽  
Yunwei Wang ◽  
Shu Gao
Keyword(s):  
Sediment Transport ◽  
Regime Shift ◽  
Sedimentary Environment ◽  
Sediment Flux ◽  
Theoretical Interpretation ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Transport Regime ◽  
Source To Sink ◽  
Bed Roughness ◽  
Set Up

Abstract. Being a widespread source-to-sink sedimentary environment, the fine-grained dispersal system (FGDS) features remarkably high sediment flux, interacting closely with local morphology and ecosystem. Such exceptional transport is believed to be associated with changes in bedform geometry, which further demands theoretical interpretation. Using van Rijn (2007a) bed roughness predictor, we set up a simple numerical model to calculate sediment transport, classify sediment transport behaviors into dune and (mega-)ripple dominant regimes, and discuss the causes of the sediment transport regime shift linked with bedform categories. Both regimes show internally consistent transport behaviors, and the latter, associated with FGDSs, exhibits considerably higher sediment transport rate than the previous. Between lies the coexistence zone, the sediment transport regime shift accompanied by degeneration of dune roughness, which can considerably reinforce sediment transport and is further highlighted under greater water depth. This study can be applied to modeling of sediment transport and morphodynamics.

Balanced Characterisation of Fine-Grained Soils: Application to Carbonate Sediments

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongjie Zhou ◽  
Shambhu Sharma ◽  
Alessandro Amodio ◽  
Noel Boylan ◽  
Peter Gaunt
Keyword(s):  
Carbonate Sediments ◽  
Fine Grained

scholarly journals ORGANIC COMPOUNDS AS PROXIES OF THE SEDIMENTARY ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY OF THE MARICÁ-GUARAPINA LAGOON SYSTEM (SE, BRAZIL)

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lazaro Laut ◽  
Maria Virgina Alves Martins ◽  
Pierre Belart ◽  
Maria Lucia Lorini ◽  
Iara Clemente ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Sedimentary Environment ◽  
Environmental Parameters ◽  
Geochemical Data ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Lagoon System ◽  
Se Brazil ◽  
Anthropogenic Contribution

Bottom sediment is a natural trap for organic matter and different kinds of pollutants. The accumulation of large amount of organic matter gives rise to the eutrophication of the aquatic ecosystems. The analyses of the quantity and quality of the organic matter (biopolymers) help to determine the trophic status of coastal ecosystems. The Maricá-Guarapina Lagoon System (MGLS) is located in Rio de Janeiro and is composed by four connected lagoons: Maricá, Barra, Padre and Guarapina. It has been suffering impacts due to the intense and uncontrolled property speculation. Based on this problem, this study aimed to characterize the organic matter (OM) amount and quality in sediments and the relation with the impacted areas in this lagoon system. The collected sediment samples were analyzed for geochemical data combined with grain size and physical-chemical environmental parameters of the bottom water. Statistical results evidenced that the sedimentary environment of the MGLS is heterogenous. The organic matter supplied to the MGLS is provided from different sources but the autochthonous contribution (phytoplanktonic productivity and vegetal detritus from the mangrove fringe) prevails. The anthropogenic contribution was more evident in Padre Lagoon, where the sediments had relatively low TOC contents (0.1-0.8%). The MGLS is accumulating mainly aged organic matter. The most impacted zones were found in Guarapina, Barra and Maricá lagoons, in bottoms of fine-grained sediments, with relatively high TOC and labile biopolymeric compounds (proteins, carbohydrates and lipids) contents, which should evolve into an ever-increasing stage of eutrophication. COMPOSTOS ORGÂNICOS USADOS COMO INDICADORES DA QUALIDADE AMBIENTAL SEDIMENTAR DO SISTEMA LAGUNAR MARICÁ-GUARAPINA (SE DO BRASIL)ResumoO sedimento de fundo constitui uma armadilha natural para a matéria orgânica e diferentes tipos de poluentes. O acúmulo de grande quantidade de matéria orgânica dá origem à eutrofização dos ecossistemas aquáticos. Estimativas de quantidade e qualidade da matéria orgânica (biopolímeros) podem ajudar a determinar o estado trófico dos ecossistemas costeiros. O Sistema Lagunar de Maricá-Guarapina (MGLS), localizado no Estado do Rio de Janeiro (SE do Brasil), é composto por quatro lagunas interconectadas: Maricá, Barra, Padre e Guarapina. Este sistema tem sofrido impactos devido à intensa e descontrolada especulação imobiliária. Neste contexto, este estudo teve como objetivo caracterizar a quantidade e qualidade de matéria orgânica (MO) dos sedimentos do MGLS. Foram obtidos dados geoquímicos e confrontados com resultados granulométricos em amostras de sedimentos coletados em 22 estações de amostragem e analisados parâmetros físico-químicos da água. Os resultados estatísticos evidenciaram que o ambiente sedimentar do MGLS é heterogêneo. Este sistema recebe matéria orgânica de diferentes fontes, sendo, porém, prevalecente a contribuição autóctone (produtividade fitoplanctônica e detritos vegetais dos manguezais existentes na região). A contribuição antropogênica de matéria orgânica foi mais evidente na Lagoa do Padre, onde os sedimentos apresentaram teores de COT relativamente baixos (0,1-0,8%). As zonas mais impactadas foram encontradas em fundos de sedimentos finos, com teores relativamente elevados de COT e de compostos biopoliméricos lábeis (proteínas, carboidratos e lipídios), nas lagunas de Guarapina, Barra e Maricá. Os resultados obtidos revelam também que o MGLS está acumulando principalmente matéria orgânica envelhecida e permitem prever que as referidas áreas podem evoluir para um estágio de cada vez maior grau de eutrofização.Palavras-chave: Lagunas Costeiras Tropicais. Biopolímeros. Eutrofização. Dinâmica Sedimentar.

Improving the Bag-of-Words model with Spatial Pyramid matching using data augmentation for fine-grained arbitrary-oriented ship classification

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 826-834 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viet Hung Luu ◽  
Van Kiet Dinh ◽  
Nguyen Hoang Hoa Luong ◽  
Quang Hung Bui ◽  
Thi Nhat Thanh Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Data Augmentation ◽  
Bag Of Words ◽  
Spatial Pyramid Matching ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Ship Classification ◽  
Pyramid Matching ◽  
Spatial Pyramid

Terrestrial avifauna of the Gippsland Plain and Strzelecki Ranges, Victoria, Australia: insights from Atlas data

2005 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 531 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Q. Radford ◽  
Andrew F. Bennett
Keyword(s):  
Regional Scale ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Common Species ◽  
Reporting Rate ◽  
Natural Environments ◽  
Study Region ◽  
Typical Species ◽  
The Status ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Landscape Units

The rate and spatial scale at which natural environments are being modified by human land-uses mean that a regional or national perspective is necessary to understand the status of the native biota. Here, we outline a landscape-based approach for using data from the ‘New Atlas of Australian Birds’ to examine the distribution and status of avifauna at a regional scale. We use data from two bioregions in south-east Australia – the Gippsland Plain and the Strzelecki Ranges (collectively termed the greater Gippsland Plains) – to demonstrate this approach. Records were compiled for 57 landscape units, each 10′ latitude by 10′ longitude (~270 km2) across the study region. A total of 165 terrestrial bird species was recorded from 1870 ‘area searches’, with a further 24 species added from incidental observations and other surveys. Of these, 108 species were considered ‘typical’ of the greater Gippsland Plain in that they currently or historically occur regularly in the study region. An index of species ‘occurrence’, combining reporting rate and breadth of distribution, was used to identify rare, common, widespread and restricted species. Ordination of the dataset highlighted assemblages of birds that had similar spatial distributions. A complementarity analysis identified a subset of 14 landscape units that together contained records from at least three different landscape units for each of the 108 ‘typical’ species. When compared with the 40 most common ‘typical’ species, the 40 least common species were more likely to be forest specialists, nest on the ground and, owing to the prevalence of raptors in the least common group, take prey on the wing. The future status of the terrestrial avifauna of the greater Gippsland Plains will depend on the extent to which effective restoration actions can be undertaken to ensure adequate representation of habitats for all species, especially for the large number of species of conservation concern.

On the use of translation corpora in contrastive linguistics

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Volker Gast
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Theoretical Work ◽  
Coarse Grained ◽  
Testing Hypotheses ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Contrastive Linguistics ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The One ◽  
Impersonal Pronoun ◽  
Impersonal Pronouns

This article argues for a type of corpus-based contrastive research that is item-specific, predictive and hypothesis-driven. It reports on a programmatic study of the ways in which impersonalization is expressed in English and German. Impersonalization is taken to be epitomized by human impersonal pronouns like German man (e.g. Man lebt nur einmal ‘You/one only live(s) once’). English does not have a specialized impersonal pronoun like Germ. man and uses a variety of strategies instead. The question arises what determines the choice of a given impersonalization strategy in English. Drawing on relevant theoretical work and using data from a translation corpus (Europarl), variables potentially affecting the distribution of impersonalization strategies in English are identified, and their influence on the choice of a strategy is determined. By testing hypotheses derived from theoretical work and using multivariate quantitative methods of analysis, the study is intended to illustrate how bridges can be built between fine-grained semantic analyses, on the one hand, and more coarse-grained, but empirically valid, corpus research, on the other.

Soil Functional Mapping: Using Data-Model Integration to Improve Regional-Scale SOC Forecasts

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Corey Lawrence
Keyword(s):  
Functional Unit ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Sample Collection ◽  
Study Region ◽  
Mapping Algorithm ◽  
East River ◽  
Geospatial Datasets ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Landscape Scales ◽  
Soc Stocks

<p>With advances in the understanding of the mechanisms leading to the persistence or vulnerability of soil organic carbon (SOC) at the profile scale, it is essential to develop infrastructure to integrate this knowledge with landscape-scale mapping and models. To address this need, we are developing a soil functional unit framework, intended to better scale mechanistic soil knowledge by merging geospatial datasets with targeted sample collection and analyses. Here we provide a proof of concept of this approach for SOC stocks (the soil function of interest) in the East River study area located near Gothic, Colorado, USA. We first generate a map estimating SOC stocks based only on available geospatial datasets, including factors such as topography, vegetation, geology, and basic soil maps. We then compare the mapped functional units against an independent SOC dataset of 450 soil profiles (~1700 samples) collected from the study region and refine the soil functional map to best capture the spatial variability observed in the dataset.  With the calibrated soil functional unit mapping algorithm, we can then calculate SOC stocks at landscape scales and better constrain the mechanisms that drive the observed heterogeneity.  The resulting data-driven soil functional maps can then be merged with regional scale SOC models to enhance forecasts of SOC change in response to disturbances.</p>

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