scholarly journals Roman Gold from Tresminas (Portugal)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Regula Wahl-Clerici
Keyword(s):  
Historical Context ◽  
Essential Element ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Work Processes ◽  
Daily Work ◽  
Left Behind ◽  
Grinding Mills ◽  
Primary Deposit ◽  
Excellent Preservation ◽  
Ancient Times

The reconstruction of Roman mining activities in a primary deposit during the 1st and 2nd centuries AD has been made possible thanks to the excellent preservation of ancient mining and the prerequisite accompanying industries in the territorium metallorum Tresminas / Jales. Decades of on-site research and careful documentation of the monuments and traces of mining have faciliated the understanding of the work processes presented in this volume: prospection, excavation and processing. Within this framework, prospecting not only served the discovery of deposits as reported by ancient sources, but it accompanied the miners’ daily work and was an essential element of the mining process. The mining itself has left traces that enable us to both follow and understand the progress of mining over time. The planning and execution that become visible as a result of this allow us to infer a central organisation. The fantastic extensive high galleries of Tresminas, whose dimensions and state of preservation still impress visitors and researchers today are a further example of this. Finds that were abandoned, never completed or destroyed in ancient times are particularly helpful in understanding the mining process. The complex processing of the gold-bearing ores has left behind in Tresminas around 1 000 stamp mills, countless rock-grinding mills and enormous ore washing structures. In addition, the water management system associated with mining and settlement is discussed. An important part of the industrial complex was also the local stone quarrying for the production of stamp mills, rock-grinding and grain mills. A summary of the historical context of the territorium metallorum Tresminas / Jales is presented in the introduction.

Intricacies of back-office

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sari Yli-Kauhaluoma ◽  
Mika Pantzar
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Work Processes ◽  
Cognitive Representations ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Daily Work ◽  
Service Staff ◽  
Office Environments ◽  
Back Office ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine how back-office service staff cope with the intricacies of administrative work. Design/methodology/approach – The paper applies the research approach of “at-home ethnography” in a university back-office. The primary method of data collection was participant listening in the field, either in formal interviews or casual conversations. Photography helped the authors to zoom the conversation in to specific artefacts in administrative offices. Findings – The study identifies both forward- and backward-looking recipes as essential administrative tools that back-office staff develop and use to handle intricacies that emerge in their daily work. Forward-looking recipes are based on anticipatory cognitive representations, whereas backward-looking recipes are based on experiential wisdom. The study elaborates on the different kinds of modelling practices that back-office service staff engage in while building and applying these two different kinds of recipes. Practical implications – The recipes support administrators in knowledge replication and thus help avoid interruptions, reduce uncertainty, and produce consistency in administrative processes. Originality/value – In contrast to existing studies of formal bureaucracies, the study provides a unique empirical account to show how back-office service staff cope with the multiple intricacies existing in current office environments. The study shows how recipes as models contribute to stabilizing or even routinizing work processes in complex administrative situations.

scholarly journals STRATEGIC OVERVIEW OF FINANCIAL SUPPORT FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF SMALL INNOVATIVE ENTERPRISES IN UKRAINE

2019 ◽  
pp. 53-64
Author(s):  
Danylo VANKOVYCH ◽  
Myroslav KULCHYTSKYJ
Keyword(s):  
Small Businesses ◽  
Financial Support ◽  
Essential Element ◽  
Main Tool ◽  
Innovation Activity ◽  
Aviation Industry ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Essential Property ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Tool Manufacture

Introduction. Small innovative businesses play an important role in the economy of developed countries and are an essential element of the innovation process. Small enterprises are the most flexible, dynamic and widespread form of enterprises. Ukraine’s aspiration to European integration necessitates the introduction of an innovative model of development, one of the components of which is the development of a domestic innovation enterprise, which prompts to seek new approaches to the implementation of scientific, technical and innovative potential of the country’s economy. The purpose of the article is to find out the features and problems of financial support for the development of small innovative enterprises in Ukraine and to substantiate directions for its improvement. Results. According to the data of the State Statistics Service of Ukraine, innovation activity in Ukraine in 2018 was carried out only by every eleventh enterprise. The share of enterprises that introduced innovations in 2017 amounted to 16.2%, and those engaged in innovations 14.3%, respectively. At the same time, the share of innovative products in the total industrial volume was, according to the results of 2017, only 0.7%. In Ukraine, as of January 1, 2018, in the total number of enterprises (338256 units), the share of small business entities amounted to 95.5%. This testifies to the dependence of the level of development of the Ukrainian economy on their innovative activity. Among the range of obstacles to the successful functioning of innovative entrepreneurship, the problem of low efficiency of functioning of the financial mechanism of ensuring their development is the most urgent. Particular attention should be paid to the use of national competitive advantages, avant-garde industries, high-tech industries, such as space technology, aviation industry, biotechnology, tool manufacture, defense and industrial complex. Innovation demand in Ukraine should become not only an economic category but also an essential property of a person’s character. Conclusions. The development of innovative entrepreneurship is not carried out quickly and purposefully. Its potential, as the main tool for commercializing scientific ideas, is practically not implemented in Ukraine. Before small innovative enterprises, there are many barriers and obstacles that prevent them from working effectively. Thus, in order to provide effective financial support for the development of small innovative entrepreneurship, it is necessary, first of all, to improve the financial and tax policy of supporting small businesses, as well as to increase the efficiency of the use of established institutions of market infrastructure for supporting small businesses. The details of the mechanisms for implementing these measures should be the subject of further research, the results of which will be highlighted in the following publications.

scholarly journals Structure Please; Continuous Improvement and Employee Consequences in a Dynamic Task Environment

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (20) ◽  
pp. 5564 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jos Benders ◽  
Michiel Bal ◽  
Lander Vermeerbergen
Keyword(s):  
Nursing Home ◽  
Continuous Improvement ◽  
Reference Group ◽  
Work Processes ◽  
Improvement Program ◽  
Daily Work ◽  
Dynamic Task ◽  
Employee Wellbeing ◽  
Care Workers ◽  
Improvement Programs

Whilst continuous improvement (CI) programs have had an enduring appeal for several decades, their sustainability has been a concern for almost as long. Sustaining a CI program requires permanent support of all its stakeholders, particularly of the most important ones—employees. Some authors argue that continuous improvement programs are beneficial for employee wellbeing, while others contest this. We contribute to the small empirical basis for such claims by presenting results from research among care workers in Flemish nursing homes. Questionnaires from 553 care workers in a nursing home applying continuous improvement and in a reference group of nine comparable homes were analyzed to study differences in job demands, job resources, burnout risk, and work engagement. In addition, we have drawn on interviews, site visits, and other qualitative data to assess the extent to which the differences found may be attributed to the CI program used. Overall, the care workers in the nursing home with the CI program evaluated their jobs as better than their colleagues in the reference group. These differences are at least partly caused by the continuous improvement program. We argue that the main effect is that over time, daily work processes become more structured. The work pressure decreases as work becomes less hectic.

From Marshall’s Triad to Porter’s Diamond: added value?

2016 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 500-516 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen Brosnan ◽  
Eleanor Doyle ◽  
Sean O’Connor
Keyword(s):  
Historical Context ◽  
Increasing Returns ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Knowledge Generation ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Cluster Concept ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Organisational Form ◽  
Innovation Knowledge ◽  
Soft Processes

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to offer clarity on a central concept introduced in Porter’s The Competitive Advantage of Nations, i.e. the cluster. The authors situate the concept introduced by Porter (1990) relative to two of its antecedents, the industrial district and industrial complex. Placing the cluster in a historical context permits consideration of the extent to which it, as a concept for analysis, may be differentiated from other geography-based approaches to economic phenomena. In this way, this paper examines the added value of the cluster concept derived from economic factors. Design/methodology/approach The paper provides a detailed literature review tracing the evolution of theories of location and agglomeration into which Porter’s cluster fits. The evolution of Porter’s own conceptualisation of the cluster and how this relates to theoretical clarity surrounding the concept is explored. Comparative analysis of theories of location, agglomeration and clustering is provided to identify similarities and differences across the approaches and identify the added value of the cluster concept in relation to other approaches. Findings Clustering represents a process associated with spatial organisational form which may offer advantages in efficiency, effectiveness and flexibility. Cluster benefits can be appreciated through the lens of Young’s (1928) identified sources of increasing returns. A key aspect in clustering is revealed in terms of its role in enabling four sources of increasing returns. The authors outline how these sources of increasing returns are related to “soft” processes of networking, interaction and individual and collective learning. Porter’s Diamond is a self-reinforcing system which can permit increasing returns and reinforce such tendencies of economic activity within agglomerations. Originality/value Added value from Porter’s cluster concept is identified in the context of both its locational anchoring and in terms of its potential for understanding the role of exploitation of increasing returns for development. This points to the importance of focusing on clustering as a process rather than on cluster within typologies of organisational form. This implies that the nature of relationships (and how they change) within and across markets, institutions and actors lies at the heart of clustering because of their roles in knowledge-generation, including innovation, knowledge sharing and upgrading.

Introduction

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen John Hartnett ◽  
Eleanor Novek ◽  
Jennifer K. Wood
Keyword(s):  
Violent Crime ◽  
Real World ◽  
Prison Education ◽  
Cycle Of Violence ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Prison Industrial Complex ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Left Behind ◽  
Research And Education

This introductory chapter discusses how the Prison Communication, Activism, Research, and Education Collective (PCARE) attempts to put democracy into practice by merging prison education and activism. While dozens of studies have described what is wrong with America's prison-industrial complex—its embedded racism and sexism, its perpetual violence, its skewed judicial and legislative aspects, and its corresponding media spectacles, among others—the chapter presents real-world answers based on years of pragmatic activism and engaged teaching. It recognizes that the men and women in prisons and jails have left behind them trails of wreckage—they harmed others and caused immeasurable pain. Meanwhile, the victims of violent crime attest that their lives are forever altered. The chapter foregrounds these facts and argues that the only way to end the cycle of violence is by moving past the anger and fear.

Interaction of state and non-state organizations

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (05) ◽  
pp. 173-176
Author(s):  
Faiq Vahid oğlu Əzimov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Political System ◽  
Party System ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Relations ◽  
Ancient Times ◽  
The Republic ◽  
State Organizations

Thoughts on politics and political relations originated in the territory of Azerbaijan in ancient times and have undergone a great evolution. Factors that are very different, and sometimes even contradict each other, have played and continue to play an important role in its emergence and activity. The political system of the Republic of Azerbaijan is political in nature, reflecting the characteristics of the national and historical context. Like all post-Soviet states, the political system of the Republic of Azerbaijan feels a certain influence of the Soviet political system. With the adoption of the new Constitution of the Republic of Azerbaijan and the establishment of the parliament on the basis of the first multi-party system, the formation of the political system of Azerbaijan was legally completed on November 12, 1995. Key words: state, political system, society, government, activity

scholarly journals Law Enforcement Criminal Acts of Corruption in The Perspective of Human Rights

Rechtsidee ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 79
Author(s):  
Ansori Ansori
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Essential Element ◽  
Mens Rea ◽  
Actus Reus ◽  
Ancient Times ◽  
The Government ◽  
Authorized Capital

The overall impact of the acts of corruption according to criminology science, certainly can happen due to two things, namely the first due to the intent or in the science of law is referred to as the evil inner attitude (Mens Rea), and the second because of an opportunity to do evil deeds (Actus Reus). Actus Reus and Mens Rea are an essential element of a crime. The eradication of corruption and the efforts of promoting and fulfilling human rights are not simply left to the elite rulers, because frequently they are more corrupt and oppressive. Corruption eradication efforts can be maximized, while a simultaneous awareness of the Government and people of the importance of protecting, fulfill, maintain, and promote human rights, then it is not impossible that Indonesia becomes a prosperous country, given the authorized capital of development in this country has been in existence since ancient times which is a priceless grace of God Almighty. How To Cite: Ansori, A. (2015). Law Enforcement Criminal Acts of Corruption in The Perspective of Human Rights. Rechtsidee, 2(2), 79-108. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.21070/jihr.v2i2.83

scholarly journals Chinese Traditional Governing Approach: An Analysis from Ancient to Mao Zedong Politics

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 441-452
Author(s):  
Maria Mukhtar ◽  
Tatheer Zahra Sherazi ◽  
Riaz Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Political Culture ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Mao Zedong ◽  
Deep Roots ◽  
Contemporary Politics ◽  
State And Society ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Ancient Times ◽  
To Come ◽  
Chinese Political Culture

The study focuses on the traditional Chinese political culture and it discusses a multitude of rhetorical practices in imperial China. Simultaneously, it investigates the societal norms which alter daily, to fit with the ever-changing global politics. For these purposes, the traditional philosophies are studied, and the most prominent school of thought Confucianism has been discussed thoroughly. This research is an analytical, descriptive study written in the historical context. While tracing back the nature of political culture, it has been found that it has deep roots in the state and society since the ancient times however, is still relevant for the contemporary politics of China. At the same motive, it can be concluded that current Chinese system seems probable to persevere for many a long time to come. This study is fragmented into three portions; first element makes imperial Chinese politics and its problem; the second portion brings governance and politics of cutting-edge China under the lens; and the final and third portion gives the comparison of each and the findings garnered from this study.

scholarly journals Die metafoor ‘saam met Christus gekruisig’ in kultuurhistoriese verband

2009 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Japie P. Malan
Keyword(s):  
Historical Context ◽  
Clear Picture ◽  
Ancient Times ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Sociohistorical Context ◽  
Political Realities

The metaphor ‘being crucified with Christ’ in sociohistorical contextCrucifixion is a concept that is far removed from the experience and understanding of the 21stcentury post-modern man. To understand the power of the message of the cross, one first has to determine what the meaning of crucifixion was to the person in antiquity. The relevant facts about the cross and crucifixion were intertwined with social and political realities of the time. This article endeavours to construct a valid and probable sociohistorical context for the metaphor [foreign font omitted] (‘I am being crucified with Christ’). The relevant terminology as well as the practice of crucifixion in ancient nations also receive attention. Possible differences in the shape of the cross and crucifixion procedures are being debated. The article also tries to conceive of the shame and rejection the condemned had to endure. The sociohistorical implications of the preposition ‘with’ will be discussed to indicate its meaning to the person from ancient times. What would such a person have understood and experienced when told that he had to be crucified with Christ? To any individual from that social and historical context such a statement would have immediately conjured up a clear picture of the price that was to be paid. It would have meant the renunciation of everything that was dear and essential in the life of that person; rejection of family and friends; inhuman pain, both physically and emotionally, as well as the knowledge that the decision was irrevocable.

A MANIFESTAÇÃO DO SAGRADO NA NARRATIVA ÉPICA DA TEOGONIA "The manifestation of the sacred in the epic narrative of the theogony"

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (10) ◽  
pp. 223
Author(s):  
Idelbrando Alves de Lima
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Study ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Fundamental Importance ◽  
Ancient Times ◽  
The Subject

O mundo sagrado, como oposição constante com o mundo profano, influenciou a vida cotidiana dos homens da Antiguidade. Face ao exposto, o presente artigo trata-se de um breve estudo analítico sobre algumas características da experiência do grego Hesíodo com o sagrado, narradas na obra Teogonia. Após realizar uma sucinta teorização a respeito da temática, conceituando alguns termos essenciais para a sua compreensão, o artigo passa a apresentar as principais passagens da vida deste personagem histórico. Por fim, o estudo expõe a análise dos principais aspectos dessa manifestação do sagrado, concluindo que ela foi de fundamental importância para o contexto sócio histórico, no qual Hesíodo estava inserido.Palavras-chave: Hierofania. Hesíodo. Religião. Literatura.AbstractThe sacred world, in a constant opposition with the profane world, influenced the daily life of men in the Ancient Times. This article is a brief analytical study on some characteristics of Greek Hesiod's experience with the sacred, narrated in his Theogony. After conducting a brief theorizing thinking about the subject we need conceptualizing some essential terms to their understanding. The article try to show some passages of the life of this historical character. Finally, the study exposes the analysis of the main aspects of this manifestation of the sacred, concluding that it get fundamental importance for the socio-historical context in which Hesiod was inserted.Keywords: Hierophany. Hesiod. Religion. Literature.

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