scholarly journals Evaluation of the effect of the addition of bioethanol to gas oil on coking diesel engine injector terminals

2019 ◽  
Vol 178 (3) ◽  
pp. 71-75
Author(s):  
Piotr ORLIŃSKI ◽  
Marcin WOJS ◽  
Mateusz BEDNARSKI ◽  
Mieczysław SIKORA
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Diesel Oil ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Average Percentage ◽  
Sediment Formation ◽  
Test Engine ◽  
Flow Through ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Given ◽  
Test Result

The article presents the results of empirical research and their analysis regarding the impact of diesel oil and diesel oil mixture with bioethanol on coking the test injector nozzles of the XUD9 engine from PSA. The research included three fuel deals: diesel fuel as the base fuel and diesel oil mix with ONE10 bioethanol (10% bioethanol plus diesel oil (V/V)), ONE20 (20% bioethanol plus diesel oil (V/V)). They were conducted on the basis of CEC PF-023 developed by CEC (Coordinating European Council). Each of the above-mentioned fuels was tested using a new set of injectors. The propensity of the fuel for coking the injector tips was expressed as a percentage reduction in the air flow through the nozzles of each injector for the given sheer increments. The test result was the average percentage of airflow reduction for all nozzles at 0.1 mm spike increments and was measured according to ISO 4010 "Diesel engines. Calibrating nozzle, delay pintle type”. The test results for individual atomizers of the above-mentioned test engine in the area of sediment formation from flowing fuel shown a lower tendency to coke the injectors using diesel fuel-bioethanol in comparison to the use of pure diesel oil. Based on the CEC PF-023 test, it can be noticed that the level of contamination of the tested injectors for ONE10 fuel is about 3% lower, and for ONE20 fuel is about 4% lower than the level of pollution for diesel fuel.

scholarly journals Impact of the Beta-Glucan Test on Management of Intensive Care Unit Patients at Risk for Invasive Candidiasis

2020 ◽  
Vol 58 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonios Kritikos ◽  
Julien Poissy ◽  
Antony Croxatto ◽  
Pierre-Yves Bochud ◽  
Jean-Luc Pagani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Invasive Candidiasis ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Beta Glucan ◽  
High Risk Patients ◽  
Therapeutic Decisions ◽  
Risk Patients ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Test Result

ABSTRACT The 1,3-beta-d-glucan (BDG) test is used for the diagnosis of invasive candidiasis (IC) in intensive care units (ICUs). However, its utility for patient management is unclear. This study assessed the impact of BDG test results on therapeutic decisions. This was a single-center observational study conducted in an ICU over two 6-month periods. All BDG test requests for the diagnosis of IC were analyzed. Before the second period, the ICU physicians received a pocket card instruction (algorithm) for targeted BDG testing in high-risk patients. The performance of the BDG test for IC diagnosis was assessed, as well as its impact on antifungal (AF) prescription. Overall, 72 patients had ≥1 BDG test, and 14 (19%) patients had an IC diagnosis. The BDG test results influenced therapeutic decisions in 41 (57%) cases. The impact of the BDG test was positive in 30 (73%) of them, as follows: AF abstention/interruption following a negative BDG result (n = 27), and AF initiation/continuation triggered by a positive BDG test result and subsequently confirmed IC (n = 3). In 10 (24%) cases, a positive BDG test result resulted in AF initiation/continuation with no further evidence of IC. A negative BDG result and AF abstention with subsequent IC diagnosis were observed in one case. The positive predictive value (PPV) of BDG was improved if testing was restricted to the algorithm’s indications (80% versus 36%, respectively). However, adherence to the algorithm was low (26%), and no benefit of the intervention was observed. The BDG result had an impact on therapeutic decisions in more than half of the cases, which consisted mainly of safe AF interruption/abstention. Targeted BDG testing in high-risk patients improves PPV but is difficult to achieve in ICU.

scholarly journals ANALISIS PENGARUH FAKTOR-FAKTOR MOTIVASI TERHADAP PRODUKTIVITAS TENAGA KERJA EDUKATIF DI LINGKUNGAN KOPERTIS WILAYAH VII

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 414
Author(s):  
Siti Sri Murni
Keyword(s):  
Intrinsic Motivation ◽  
Working Condition ◽  
Free Variable ◽  
Teaching Staff ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Educational Work ◽  
F Test ◽  
Educational Staff ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Test Result

This research is intended to analyze the impact of extrinsic and intrinsic motivation on the productivity of the manpower of permanent educational, specially of the Kopertis Wilayah VII Universities in Kotamadya Surabaya. Thefree variables of this research are extrinsic and intrinsic motivation, consisting of: (1). Income and incentive (X1); (2). Working condition (Xi); (3). Policy and administrati-on of the institution (X3); (4). Personal relationship (X4); (5). Supervision Quality (X5); (6). Achievement (Xf); (7). Accreditation 1 recognition (X7); (8). The work itself (XB); (9). Responsibilities (X9) and (J 0). Potential of individual improvement (X10}. Whereas non-free variables are productivity of the manpower of permanent educational (Y).This research use Analysis  of the Multiple Regression Linear,  and the test result of the first  hypothesis used simultaneously test (F-test) to permanent  educational rank Ill a, b, c and d, while the test of the second hypothesis implementing partial  test (t-test). The test results of the first and the second would be used as a base for the institution's decision making to reach the organizational success.  The respondents are male and female dosen Dpk. in the Teaching Staff of Nature science and Social science with total number of 80 lectures from   7 universities.   The  test  result  of  the  analysis  of  simultaneously  first hypothesis  (F-test) which assume that .free  variable motivation of extrinsic and intrinsic impact on non-free variable of productivity  of manpower of permanent  educational. Can be stated as followed:  F'o = 1,620 less than Ft = 1,90 with probabilities  = l 1,9 more than  level  of significant  (los.) 5%.  From  this result,  the  truth can 't be proved,  so extrinsic  and  intrinsic  motivation  of permanent   educational  do  not  affect  manpower productivity. With the result of R2 (R square)= 19, 01% it can mean variable motivation us model can  affect  the  manpower productivity  of permanent  educational  staff, only 19, 01% more and less 81% affected by variables cut of the model.The result of the I-test of the second hypothesis assumes that variable of the job itself (XB) is dominant ,  but  the result  of the analysis  of income  and  incentive  (X1)   is dominant; evidently  the  test  result  oft observation  = -  2,636  less  than  t  table -  -  1,986  and probability = 1, 04% less than its level of significant (los.) = 5%; with  test result  of partial coefficient determination (r2) = 9, 15% is the biggest to give contribution to the predictions of manpower permanent educational Kopertis Wilayah Vil in Surabaya , with regression coefficient (b1)  with negative sign running at -2,623.Considering the test result of the first  and second hypothesis whose is not consistent with the (expectation) assumption, so the institution where permanent educational work can take s teps by evaluating what obstacles to the improvement, then deciding the goal to success for permanent  educational and the institution. 

Impact of BRCA1/BRCA2 Mutation Testing on Psychologic Distress in a Clinic-Based Sample

2002 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 514-520 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc D. Schwartz ◽  
Beth N. Peshkin ◽  
Chanita Hughes ◽  
David Main ◽  
Claudine Isaacs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Testing ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Brca2 Mutation ◽  
Positive Test ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Brca1 And Brca2 ◽  
Negative Test ◽  
Psychologic Distress ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Test Result

PURPOSE: Despite the increasingly widespread availability of BRCA1 and BRCA2 genetic testing, little is known about the psychologic impact of such testing in the clinical setting. The objective of this study was to examine the long-term psychologic impact of receiving BRCA1/2 test results within a clinic-based testing program. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The participants were 279 high-risk women who underwent genetic counseling and testing for alterations in the BRCA1/2 genes. At baseline (before genetic testing) and at 6 months after the disclosure of mutation status, we measured perceived risk for breast and ovarian cancer, cancer-specific distress, and general distress. We examined the impact of the test result on each of these outcomes at the 6-month follow-up. Analyses were conducted separately for probands and their relatives who were unaffected with cancer. RESULTS: We found no effect of test result among affected probands. Among unaffected relatives, we found that participants who received definitive negative test results exhibited significant reductions in perceived risk and distress compared with participants who received positive test results. Importantly, relatives who received positive test results did not exhibit increased distress or perceived risk. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that clinic-based BRCA1/2 testing can lead to psychologic benefits for individuals who receive negative test results. At 6 months after disclosure, those who receive positive or uninformative test results do not exhibit increased psychologic distress or perceived risk.

scholarly journals OPTIMASI CHANNEL XRD ARL9900 SEBAGAI METODE ALTERNATIF UNTUK ANALISA LIMESTONE DALAM SEMEN

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sugeng Mulyono ◽  
Dzakiyatul Azizah ◽  
Hafit Setiyabudi
Keyword(s):  
Calibration Curve ◽  
Production Control ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Limestone Filler ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Control Decision ◽  
Evaluation Stage ◽  
Implementation Method ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Test Result

ABSTRACTLoss On Ignition (LOI) is one of the parameters of cement testing analysis to determine the percentage of substance lost from the sample in a certain time and temperature. LOI cement is mainly caused by loss of water and carbon dioxide content in CaCO3 (Calcite) carbonate compounds in Limestone at 950°C.From the results of this test can be predicted Limestone filler content in cement. Conventional methode of LOI is less efficient because need a relatively long time of about 2 hours and even more. The impact of this problem may lead to delays in production control decision making.The purpose of this research is to make LOI testing more efficient and also produced Calcite Curve as a secondary method for LOI testing. At PT Holcim Indonesia Laboratory there is Xray Fluorescence (XRF) instrument equipped with Xray Diffraction (XRD) channel which can be used for LOI analysis so that the testing process can be faster.The implementation method is made by making a correlation between Calcite with LOI and making Calcite calibration curve in channel XRD then sample tested.From the results of this research trials obtained LOI test results with XRD 7 minutes 34 seconds with accuration percentage is 44,67% and testing with wet method obtained 2 hours 27 minutes 57 seconds. From these results it can be concluded that LOI testing using XRD is 2 hours 20 minutes 23 seconds faster than wet method but not yet accurate. This method is still in the evaluation stage, it is necessary to repair to minimize percent error so that the test result more efficient and accurate, that is by modification of sample preparation or modification of Xray calibration parameter.Keywords: LOI, Calcite, Calibration curve, XRF, XRDABSTRAKLoss On Ignition (LOI) atau kandungan hilang pijar adalah salah satu parameter analisis pengujian semen untuk mengetahui persentase kandungan zat yang hilang dari sampel dalam waktu dan suhu tertentu. LOI semen terutama disebabkan oleh hilangnya kandungan air dan karbondioksida dalam senyawa karbonat CaCO3 (Calcite) dalam Limestone pada suhu 950oC. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian ini dapat diprediksi kadar Limestone filler dalam semen, karena bisa dihitung dari kandungan Calcite yang terdapat dalam Limestone filler.Metode konvensional pengujian LOI kurang efisien karena memerlukan waktu yang relatif lama yaitu sekitar 2 jam bahkan lebih. Dampak dari masalah ini bisa menyebabkan terjadinya keterlambatan dalam pengambilan keputusan kontrol produksi.Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk membuat pengujian LOI menjadi lebih efisien dan juga dihasilkan Kurva Calcite sebagai metode alternatif untuk pengujian LOI. Di Laboratorium PT Holcim Indonesia terdapat instrument Xray Fluorescence (XRF) yang dilengkapi dengan channel Xray Diffraction (XRD) yang bisa dimanfaatkan untuk analisa LOI sehingga proses pengujiannya bisa lebih cepat.Metode pelaksanaan dibuat dengan cara membuat korelasi antara Calcite dengan LOI dan pembuatan kurva kalibrasi Calcite di channel XRD lalu dilakukan uji coba sampel.Berdasarkan hasil uji coba penelitian ini didapatkan hasil pengujian LOI dengan XRD 7 menit 34 detik dengan tingkat akurasi sebesar 44,67%, dan pengujian dengan metode wet didapatkan 2 jam 27 menit 57 detik. Dari hasil tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa pengujian LOI menggunakan XRD lebih cepat 2 jam 20 menit 23 detik dibandingkan dengan metode wet tetapi belum akurat. Metode ini masih dalam tahap evaluasi, diperlukan adanya perbaikan untuk meminimalisir persen error supaya hasil pengujian lebih efisien dan akurat, yaitu dengan cara modifikasi preparasi sampel atau modifikasi parameter kalibrasi Xray.Kata Kunci : LOI, Calcite, Kurva kalibrasi, XRF, XRD

scholarly journals Influence of cetane-detergent additives into diesel fuel with RME content increased to 10% on the parameters of indicator diagrams and rate of heat release in a diesel engine

2019 ◽  
Vol 179 (4) ◽  
pp. 226-235
Author(s):  
Winicjusz STANIK ◽  
Jerzy CISEK
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Heat Release ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Ignition Delay ◽  
Diesel Oil ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Additive Package ◽  
Engine Operation ◽  
Energy Parameters ◽  
The Impact

This publication is the next part of the article “The influence of cetane-detergent additives in diesel fuel increased to 10% of RME content on energy parameters and exhaust gas composition of a diesel engine”. The cause-effect analysis of the phenomena related to the impact of 3 additive packages used in diesel oil with RME content increased to 10% (compare to standard diesel fuel with 7% of RME) was described. The basis for the analysis of the impact of the tested fuels on energy parameters and composition of exhaust gases were the parameters of indicator diagrams and heat release parameters. It was found that the first set of additives affects the delay of auto-ignition of fuel and kinetic fuel combustion speed only at low engine loads. In this range of engine operation the NOx concentration in the exhaust gas is low and besides there is a large of EGR.The second additive package was operated at high engine loads but its impact on the lower self-ignition delay was quantitatively small. Therefore, in the third packet of additives, the amount of additives used in the second packet was doubled. Then a satisfactory shortening of the self-ignition delay and reduction of the max rate of kinematic heat release was achieved as a reason of a reduction of NOx concentration in the exhaust up to 8% (compared to the reference fuel).

The Preliminary Study on the Impact of the Velocity Situ Test Standard Deviation to the Response Spectra in Deep-Soft Sites

2014 ◽  
Vol 919-921 ◽  
pp. 800-804
Author(s):  
Zhuo Shi Chen ◽  
Xiao Ming Yuan ◽  
Shang Jiu Meng
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Shear Wave ◽  
Wave Velocity ◽  
Shear Wave Velocity ◽  
Response Spectra ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Ground Acceleration ◽  
Shear Wave Velocities ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Test Result

The test results of shear-wave velocity in engineering are of being importance increasingly, but the the uncertainty of the wave test result has influenced the seismic design throughout. In order to describe this uncertainty accurately , the paper has taken some research on the deep-soft sites seismic response. By using SHAKE 2000 program and entering various types of ground motions, the authors discussed the effect of shear-wave velocity standard deviation of several velocity values in deep-soft site to the ground response spectra and PGA(Peak Ground Acceleration). The results are as followed: the standard deviation of the shear-wave velocities has almost no influence on the acceleration response spectra and the PGA of the site; the varieties of response spectra and PGA under different intensity of earthquake can be nearly ignored. With the increasing number of the shear-wave velocity data, results of the study would be further in-depth and perfection.

Optimal Geometry for Cable Wrapping to Minimize Dynamic Impacts on Cable-Harnessed Beam Structures

2020 ◽  
Vol 143 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shilei Cao ◽  
Pranav Agrawal ◽  
Naiming Qi ◽  
Armaghan Salehian
Keyword(s):  
Homogenization Method ◽  
Space Structures ◽  
Periodic Pattern ◽  
Optimal Solutions ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Beam Structures ◽  
System Parameters ◽  
Energy Equivalence ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Given

Abstract Power and cable carrier systems have been shown to significantly impact the dynamic behavior of lightweight space structures. The goal of this paper is to obtain an optimal cable placement geometry for cable-harnessed beam structures by minimizing the impact of added cables on the system dynamics. The cable is harnessed to the beam in a periodic pattern, which forms several repeating fundamental elements within the structure. An analytical model for the cable-harnessed beam, using an energy-equivalence homogenization method, is employed for the purpose of optimization. The natural frequencies of the cable-harnessed beam are then matched with the bare beam (when no cables attached) using an optimization algorithm to find the optimal cable placement solution for the given system parameters. Subsequently, the system parameters’ effects on the optimal solutions are investigated and discussed. Experimental modal analysis is then performed to further validate the optimal solutions found using the model. The test results further validate findings from the model, and the frequency response functions from the bare and optimally wrapped beams align really well.

Return to bowel screening after a false-positive faecal immunochemical test in BowelScreen (the National Bowel Screening Programme in Ireland)

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 186-190
Author(s):  
Brandon Xian Ch’ng ◽  
Therese Mooney ◽  
Diarmuid O’Donoghue ◽  
Patricia Fitzpatrick
Keyword(s):  
Nurse Practitioners ◽  
False Positive ◽  
Screening Programme ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Faecal Immunochemical Test ◽  
Immunochemical Test ◽  
Repeat Participation ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Positive Results ◽  
Test Result

Objective Little research exists on what predicts individual return to screening after a false-positive faecal immunochemical test in a population bowel screening programme. We aimed to quantify the impact of false-positive faecal immunochemical test in the first round of screening on re-attendance in BowelScreen, the National Bowel Screening Programme in Ireland. Methods A retrospective cohort study was conducted. False-positivity was defined as a positive faecal immunochemical test with subsequent colonoscopy showing no evidence of malignancy or surveillance requirement. In those with a false-positive faecal immunochemical test, logistic regression was used to predict repeat participation in the second round. Results Of 196,149 individuals who attended the first screening round, 108,075 were eligible and re-invited in the second round, and 93,971 accepted the invitation (86.9%). Second round uptake was higher in faecal immunochemical test-negative individuals compared with those having false-positive results (87.5% vs. 73.1%; p < 0.001). Older age (odds ratio (OR) 0.75; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.60–0.94), computed tomography colonography (unsuitability/failed colonoscopy) (OR 0.40; 95% CI 0.21–0.73), and longer duration from screening invitation to faecal immunochemical test result (OR 0.991; 95% CI 0.9872–0.995) were predictors of non-re-attendance in the next screening round. Conclusion There is a significant reduction in re-attendance rates for individuals with false-positive faecal immunochemical test results. The letter sent following a negative colonoscopy is being reviewed to ensure that it provides adequate encouragement to re-attend. There are roles for screening promotion and for Gastroenterologists and Advanced Nurse Practitioners to emphasize the importance of regular faecal immunochemical tests after a negative colonoscopy.

scholarly journals MOTOR DIESEL BERBAHAN BAKAR CAMPURAN MINYAK SOLAR DENGAN MINYAK KEMIRI DAN MINYAK WIJEN

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 71
Author(s):  
Muhammad Nurtanto
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Fuel Mixture ◽  
Diesel Oil ◽  
Sesame Oil ◽  
Hazelnut Oil ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Walnut Oil ◽  
Fuel Characteristics ◽  
Oil Fuel

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik bahan bakar (minyak solar, minyak kemiri dan minyak wijen), karakteristik campuran bahan bakar, dan mengetahui besarnya konsumsi bahan bakar dengan variasi putaran mesin. Pengukuran dilakukan dengan menggunakan analyzer stargas 898. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis secara deskriptif dengan menggambarkan secara grafis dan fenomena terukur. Hasil pengujian diketahui bahwa: (1) karakteristik minyak kemiri, minyak wijen memenuhi karakteristik bahan bakar; (2) campuran bahan bakar minyak solar 80% dengan minyak kemiri 10% dan minyak wijen 10% menghasilkan karakteristik yang lebih baik; dan (3) konsumsi bahan bakar terhadap putaran mesin 1600 rpm, 2000 rpm, dan 2300 rpm yang lebih stabil pada campuran bahan bakar minyak solar 80% dengan minyak kemiri 10% dan minyak wijen 10%  masing-masing SFC yang diperoleh sebagai berikut 0.279882, 0.288938, dan 0.281213. Kata Kuci: Minyak solar, minyak kemiri, minyak wijen, karakteristik bahan bakar, dan konsumsi bahan bakar. This study aims to determine the characteristics of fuel (diesel oil, walnut oil and sesame oil), the characteristics of the fuel mixture and knowing the amount of fuel consumption with a variation of the engine rotation. Measurements were made using 898 analyzer stargas. Data were analyzed descriptively by describing in graphic and measurable phenomenon. The test results found that: (1) the characteristics of hazelnut oil, sesame oil meets the characteristics of the fuel; (2) a mixture of diesel fuel to 80% with 10% of hazelnut oil and sesame oil 10% yield better characteristics; and (3) the fuel consumption of the engine rev 1600 rpm, 2000 rpm and 2300 rpm is more stable on a mixture of diesel fuel to 80% with hazelnut oil 10% and sesame oil 10% each SFC obtained as follows 0.279882, 0.288938 and 0.281213. Keywords: Diesel oil, fuel characteristics, fuel consumption, hazelnut oil, and sesame oil.

scholarly journals Cohort profile: Actionable Register of Geneva Outpatients and inpatients with SARS-CoV-2 (ARGOS)

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. e048946
Author(s):  
Camille Genecand ◽  
Denis Mongin ◽  
Flora Koegler ◽  
Dan Lebowitz ◽  
Simon Regard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Participation Rate ◽  
Contact Tracing ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Health It ◽  
Public Health Policies ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Test Result

PurposeThe Actionable Register of Geneva Outpatients and inpatients with SARS-CoV-2 (ARGOS) is an ongoing prospective cohort created by the Geneva Directorate of Health. It consists of an operational database compiling all SARS-CoV-2 test results recorded in the Geneva area since late February 2020. This article aims at presenting this comprehensive cohort, in light of some of the varying public health measures in Geneva, Switzerland, since March 2020.ParticipantsAs of 1 June 2021, the database included 360 525 patients, among which 65 475 had at least one positive test result for SARS-CoV-2. Among all positive patients, 37.6% were contacted only once, 10.6% had one follow-up call, 8.5% had two and 27.7% had three or more follow-up calls. Participation rate among positive patients is 94%. Data collection is ongoing.Findings to dateARGOS data illustrates the magnitude of COVID-19 pandemic in Geneva, Switzerland, and details a variety of population factors and outcomes. The content of the cohort includes demographic data, comorbidities and risk factors for poor clinical outcome, self-reported COVID-19 symptoms, environmental and socioeconomic factors, prospective and retrospective contact tracing data, travel quarantine data and deaths. The registry has already been used in several publications focusing on symptoms and long COVID-19, infection fatality rate and re-infection.Future plansThe data of this large real-world registry provides a valuable resource for various types of research, such as clinical research, epidemiological research or policy assessment as it illustrates the impact of public health policies and overall disease burden of COVID-19.

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