scholarly journals Identification de virus de la fièvre catarrhale ovine réassortis dans la région Ouest méditerranéenne

2009 ◽  
Vol 62 (2-4) ◽  
pp. 167
Author(s):  
N. S. Maan ◽  
S. Maan ◽  
K. Nomikou ◽  
P. P.C. Mertens
Keyword(s):  
Mediterranean Region ◽  
Western Mediterranean ◽  
Structural Proteins ◽  
Full Genome Sequence ◽  
Biting Midges ◽  
Western Group ◽  
The Family ◽  
Haemorrhagic Disease ◽  
Reassortant Viruses ◽  
Culicoides Biting Midges

Bluetongue virus (BTV) is the species of the genus Orbivirus of the family Reoviridae. BTV can infect most ruminants, caus­ing a severe haemorrhagic disease called bluetongue in sheep. BTV is transmitted among ruminant hosts by certain species of Culicoides (biting midges). The BTV genome is composed of ten linear double-stranded (ds) RNA genome segments, encod­ing seven structural and three non-structural proteins. The seg­mented nature of the genome allows different BTV strains infect­ing the same cell to exchange (reassort) genome segments.  Nine BTV serotypes have been detected in Europe since 1998, including strains belonging to both eastern (BTV-1, 9, 16) and western lineages (BTV-1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 11). Live attenuated mono­valent vaccine strains of BTV-2, 4, 8, 9 (western group) and BTV- 16 (eastern group) have also been used in the Mediterranean region, in attempts to minimise virus circulation. The release of these vaccine strains, some of which have persisted in the field (including BTV-2 and 16), has added further genetic diversity, generating an unprecedented mix of field and vaccine strain viruses. These events have provided unique opportunities for genome segment exchange (reassortment) between different BTV strains and topotypes. Indeed, a strain of BTV-2, derived by reassortment between vaccine strains of BTV-2 and 16 has been previously detected in Italy during 2002.  Full genome sequence analysis of BTV-2 and BTV-4 isolates (1999-2004) from the Western Mediterranean region helped to identify multiple reassortant viruses, involving the exchange of several different genome segments. Reassortant viruses were identified as containing genes derived from different western field strains, from western field and vaccine strains, and from eastern field and western vaccine strains. The detection of these reassortant BTVs in Europe highlights concerns about the use of live BTV vaccines in the region.

V.—Rodents from the Pleistocene of the Western Mediterranean Region

1905 ◽  
Vol 2 (11) ◽  
pp. 501-506 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. I. Forsyth Major
Keyword(s):  
Mediterranean Region ◽  
Western Mediterranean ◽  
Mandibular Ramus ◽  
The Family ◽  
Petite Taille ◽  
The Town ◽  
Satisfactory Manner

Nice.—Among the mammalian remains enumerated by Risso from the bone breccia of the Castle Catinat at Nice, are bones and teeth of ‘Lagomys’. Remains of the same genus have been more recently mentioned by Rivière, from a palæolithic deposit discovered by him in a small cave, Lympia, inside the town of Nice.Mentone. — On pl. xvii (“Faune des grottes de Menton”), fig. 10, of Rivière's well-known publication, is represented a left mandibular ramus of a “Lagomys d'assez petite taille,” according to the explanation of the plate. In the dimensions, which are by no means small for a member of the family, as well as in the contours of the ramus, it corresponds with the Prolagus from Corsica; it certainly belongs to the latter genus, and not to the recent Ogotona (Lagomys). The text makes no mention of this rodent as occurring in the caves of Mentone, so that further confirmation seemed desirable. This has now been obtained in the most satisfactory manner, Professor Boule having found Prolagus in the “Grotte du Prince,” near Mentone. In his preliminary notice on the results of the excavations, this rodent is stated to occur together with the rabbit, etc., in strata underlying an Upper Quaternary fauna (Rhinoceros tichorhinus, reindeer, ibex, marmot, etc.), and resting on deposits containing a Lower Quaternary fauna (Elephas antiquus, Rhinoceros Mercki, Hippopotamus).

Exposure of protein VP7 on the surface of bluetongue virus

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 600-601
Author(s):  
A.D. Hyatt
Keyword(s):  
Bluetongue Virus ◽  
Structural Proteins ◽  
Major Constituent ◽  
Outer Coat ◽  
Virus Particles ◽  
Antibody Recognition ◽  
The Core ◽  
The Family ◽  
Electron Microscopical ◽  
Physical Accessibility

Bluetongue virus (BTV) is the type species os the genus orbivirus in the family Reoviridae. The virus has a fibrillar outer coat containing two major structural proteins VP2 and VP5 which surround an icosahedral core. The core contains two major proteins VP3 and VP7 and three minor proteins VP1, VP4 and VP6. Recent evidence has indicated that the core comprises a neucleoprotein center which is surrounded by two protein layers; VP7, a major constituent of capsomeres comprises the outer and VP3 the inner layer of the core . Antibodies to VP7 are currently used in enzyme-linked immunosorbant assays and immuno-electron microscopical (JEM) tests for the detection of BTV. The tests involve the antibody recognition of VP7 on virus particles. In an attempt to understand how complete viruses can interact with antibodies to VP7 various antibody types and methodologies were utilized to determine the physical accessibility of the core to the external environment.

Potential of Arabic documentary sources for reconstructing past climate in the western Mediterranean region from AD 680 to 1815

The Holocene ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 095968362110332
Author(s):  
Yassin Meklach ◽  
Chantal Camenisch ◽  
Abderrahmane Merzouki ◽  
Ricardo Garcia Herrera
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Resolution ◽  
Mediterranean Region ◽  
Climate Extremes ◽  
Western Mediterranean ◽  
Historical Documents ◽  
Atmospheric Conditions ◽  
Documentary Sources ◽  
Drought Conditions ◽  
Temporal And Spatial ◽  
Climate Proxies

Archival records and historical documents offer direct observation of weather and atmospheric conditions and have the highest temporal and spatial resolution, and precise dating, of the available climate proxies. They also provide information about variables such as temperature, precipitation and climate extremes, as well as floods, droughts and storms. The present work studied Arab-Islamic documentary sources covering the western Mediterranean region (documents written by Arab-Islamic historians that narrate social, political and religious history) available for the period AD 680–1815. They mostly provide information on hydrometeorological events. In Iberia the most intense droughts were reported during AD 747–753, AD 814–822, AD 846–847, AD 867–874 and AD 914–915 and in the Maghreb AD 867–873, AD 898–915, AD 1104–1147, AD 1280–1340 and AD 1720–1815 had prevalent drought conditions. Intense rain episodes are also reported.

Feeding Habits of Alepocephalus Rostratus (Pisces: Alepocephalidae) in the Western Mediterranean Sea

1998 ◽  
Vol 78 (4) ◽  
pp. 1295-1306 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Carrassón ◽  
J. Matallanas
Keyword(s):  
Mediterranean Sea ◽  
Prey Item ◽  
Narrow Range ◽  
Feeding Habits ◽  
Western Mediterranean ◽  
Western Mediterranean Sea ◽  
The Family ◽  
Different Seasons ◽  
Scarcity Of Resources ◽  
Important Fish

The present study examines the feeding habits of Alepocephalus rostratus, the only species of the family Alepocephalidae in the Mediterranean Sea and the second most important fish species, in terms of biomass, inhabiting the deep slope of the Catalan Sea. Samples were obtained at depths between 1000–2250 m. Diet was analysed for two different size-classes (immature and mature specimens) at three different bathymetric strata during two different seasons. The feeding habits of A. rostratus included a narrow range of mobile macroplanktonic organisms (e.g. Pyrosoma atlanticum and Chelophyes appendiculata) and some material of benthic origin. Pyrosoma atlanticum was the preferred prey item in spring at 1000–1425 m, being very scarce in summer at the same depth as a consequence of its scarcity in the environment during this season. There were some ontogenic differences in the diet of A. rostratus at 1425–2250 m. Adults ingested more and larger prey than juvenile specimens. The scarcity of resources below 1200–1400 m fostered a more diversified diet, as well as passive predation of sedimented material.

Comparative morphological, anatomical, micromorphological, and palynological studies on the genera Opopanax and Crenosciadium (Apiaceae)

Phytotaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 372 (1) ◽  
pp. 35 ◽  
Author(s):  
ÖZLEM ÇETIN ◽  
MUSTAFA ÇELIK
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sections ◽  
Mediterranean Region ◽  
Pollen Morphology ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Monotypic Genus ◽  
Western Asia ◽  
The Family ◽  
Surface Ornamentation ◽  
Fruit Surface

In the present study, morphological, micromorphological, palynological and anatomical characteristics of the genera Opopanax and Crenosciadium are reviewed and compared. The genus Opopanax is distributed in southern Europe, the Mediterranean region and Western Asia, and it is represented by three species in Turkey. Crenosciadium is a poorly known monotypic genus from Turkey, recently treated as synonym in Opopanax. Expanded descriptions, phenology, geographic distributions, and images of habitus of Opopanax and Crenosciadium are given. The differences between the two genera are discussed. The pollen morphology of Opopanax and Crenosciadium is studied by SEM and LM. The palynological results confirmed the stenopalynous characteristic of the family Apiaceae, and revealed that the pollen grains of both genera are perprolate in shape. Also fruit surface ornamentation of both genera is typically striate, and epidermal cells are polygonal or elongated in one direction. Cross-sections of mature fruits are examined and a detailed anatomical description is presented. Mericarp shape and width are very useful characters for discrimination between Opopanax and Crenosciadium; mericarp ribs are also very significant characteristics to discriminate both genera. Our findings, together with previous molecular data, clearly indicate that Crenosciadium differs considerably from Opopanax, and therefore it should be accepted at genus rank.

Management of North American Culicoides Biting Midges: Current Knowledge and Research Needs

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 374-384 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert S. Pfannenstiel ◽  
Bradley A. Mullens ◽  
Mark G. Ruder ◽  
Ludek Zurek ◽  
Lee W. Cohnstaedt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North American ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Research Needs ◽  
Biting Midges ◽  
Culicoides Biting Midges
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document