Examination of copper electrowinning smoothing agents. Part IV: Nucleation and growth of copper on stainless steel

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Luyima ◽  
W. Cui ◽  
C. Heckman ◽  
M.S. Moats
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Nucleation And Growth ◽  
Copper Electrowinning

INFLUENCE OF SUBSTRATE TOPOGRAPHY ON THE NUCLEATION AND GROWTH OF 321 STAINLESS STEEL THIN FILMS PRODUCED BY MAGNETRON SPUTTERING

2008 ◽  
Vol 15 (04) ◽  
pp. 411-418 ◽  
Author(s):  
YONGZHONG JIN ◽  
DONGLIANG LIU ◽  
WEI WU ◽  
YALI SUN ◽  
ZUXIAO YU ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Magnetron Sputtering ◽  
Active Sites ◽  
Nucleation And Growth ◽  
Textured Surfaces ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Substrate Topography ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Nucleation Sites ◽  
Influence Of Substrate

We have investigated the effects of substrate topography on the nucleation and growth behavior of 321 stainless steel (ss) films, introducing textured surfaces into mica substrates by the abrasion treatment. In this study, two groups of samples were prepared at three different sputtering time within 12 s using radio frequency (r.f.) magnetron sputtering and characterized by atomic force microscopy. Good nucleation uniformity has been obtained on the unabraded mica substrates due to the statistical distribution of nucleation sites. Especially, we have already observed an interesting unusual nucleation phenomenon, the island–rim structure on the abraded mica substrates after 4 s, where the island is fractal-like and the rim around the island was only occupied by few grains for nucleation. These ramified islands were located at the wide grooves introduced as predominate nucleation sites. The island–rim structure formed in initial nucleation process is closely associated with x, y velocity components of surface atoms and the distribution of active sites (related intimately to the surface free energy σ and strain energy ε) for nucleation. With the increasing of the sputtering time, voids and overlarge grains have been observed in the island–rim region after the sputtering time of 8 s and 12 s, respectively.

scholarly journals Characteristics of Flakes Stacked Cr2N with Many Domains in Super Duplex Stainless Steel

Crystals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 965
Author(s):  
Po-Chiang Lin ◽  
Yu-Ting Tsai ◽  
Neng-Hao Gan ◽  
Jer-Ren Yang ◽  
Shing-Hoa Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Duplex Stainless Steel ◽  
Nucleation And Growth ◽  
Chromium Nitride ◽  
Super Duplex Stainless Steel

This study mainly observed the Cr2N (chromium nitride) nucleation and growth in SAF 2507 duplex stainless steel. However, the investigation revealed that Cr2N has a complex substructure separated into many regions. In SAF 2507 duplex stainless steel, Cr2N nucleated at the dislocations and the precipitates were composed of many Cr2N flakes gathered together when aged at 600 °C.

Effect of Cerium on the Austenitic Nucleation and Growth of High-Mo Austenitic Stainless Steel

2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 1773-1783
Author(s):  
Qi Wang ◽  
Lijun Wang ◽  
Wei Zhang ◽  
Jianmin Li ◽  
Kuochih Chou
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Austenitic Stainless Steel ◽  
Nucleation And Growth

High Temperature Sulfidation Resistance of DO3 - Ordered FeAl Tested in H2S-rich Gases

2006 ◽  
Vol 980 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre-Yvan Thery ◽  
Anna Fraczkiewicz ◽  
Cecile Genevois ◽  
Xavier Longaygue ◽  
Francois Ropital
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Corrosion Test ◽  
Nucleation And Growth ◽  
Iron Aluminides ◽  
Gas Mixture ◽  
Iron Sulfides ◽  
Alumina Layer ◽  
Oxidation Treatment ◽  
Ordered Alloys ◽  
Severe Deterioration

AbstractThe sulfidation behaviour at 973 K in a 30 vol.% H2S-H2-H2O-N2 gas mixture of Fe-25 % at. Al, DO3-ordered alloys, binary or alloyed with niobium, was investigated. Binary alloys presented a quite good sulfidation resistance in comparison with 321 stainless steel, even if a large amount of iron sulfides FeS grew over the alumina layer on corroded samples. The sulfidation resistance of DO3 alloys could be significantly improved by an oxidation treatment prior to corrosion test. The Nb in iron aluminides was supposed to preferably react with S and therefore, to enhance sulfidation resistance through preventing the nucleation and growth of harmful FeS. Unfortunately, the scales of Nb-allloyed FeAl contained only a small amount of Nb3S4 which did not prevent efficiently the formation of iron aluminides FeS. Adding Nb to Fe-25Al even resulted in a severe deterioration of the microstructure during sulfidation due to intense diffusion of S inward the sample.

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