A pitch control system deterioration model considering wind speed turbulence intensity

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Ma ◽  
M Fouladirad ◽  
A Grall
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Wind Speed ◽  
Turbulence Intensity ◽  
Pitch Control ◽  
Deterioration Model

scholarly journals Development of Hardware-in-the-Loop-Simulation Testbed for Pitch Control System Performance Test

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 2031
Author(s):  
Jongmin Cheon ◽  
Jinwook Kim ◽  
Joohoon Lee ◽  
Kichang Lee ◽  
Youngkiu Choi
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Wind Speed ◽  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Wind Shear ◽  
Performance Test ◽  
Control Function ◽  
Hardware In The Loop ◽  
Rotor Speed ◽  
Test Bed ◽  
Pitch Control

This paper deals with the development of a wind turbine pitch control system and the construction of a Hardware-in-the-Loop-Simulation (HILS) testbed for the performance test of the pitch control system. When the wind speed exceeds the rated wind speed, the wind turbine pitch controller adjusts the blade pitch angles collectively to ensure that the rotor speed maintains the rated rotor speed. The pitch controller with the individual pitch control function can add individual pitch angles into the collective pitch angles to reduce the mechanical load applied to the blade periodically due to wind shear. Large wind turbines often experience mechanical loads caused by wind shear phenomena. To verify the performance of the pitch control system before applying it to an actual wind turbine, the pitch control system is tested on the HILS testbed, which acts like an actual wind turbine system. The testbed for evaluating the developed pitch control system consists of the pitch control system, a real-time unit for simulating the wind and the operations of the wind turbine, an operational computer with a human–machine interface, a load system for simulating the actual wind load applied to each blade, and a real pitch bearing. Through the several tests based on HILS test bed, how well the pitch controller performed the given roles for each area in the entire wind speed area from cut-in to cut-out wind speed can be shown.

The Modeling and Simulation of Wind Turbines and the Design of Pitch Control System

2011 ◽  
Vol 347-353 ◽  
pp. 2323-2329
Author(s):  
Zhi Chao Lan ◽  
Lin Tao Hu ◽  
Yin Xue ◽  
De Liang Zen
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Wind Speed ◽  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Wind Turbines ◽  
Pitch Angle ◽  
Active Power ◽  
Internal Model Control ◽  
Pitch Control ◽  
Constant Pitch ◽  
Model Control

An increasing number of large wind turbines with a variable-speed variable pitch control mechanism are developed to improve the response speed of wind turbines and get maximum active power .Designing a reasonable pitch control system requires both a good control scheme and a more accurate wind turbine model. Base on the analysis of wind turbines’ principle, a local linearization model of wind turbine is built by using linearization method of small deviation in this paper. The model’s inputs are the data of wind speed and pitch angle, and the output is the active power. The accuracy of the model is verified by studying the active power output of wind turbine under different circumstances in which the pitch angle changes with a constant wind speed and the wind speed changes with a constant pitch angle. At the same time, this paper provides pitch control program based on internal model control after analyzing the disadvantages of PID pitch controller. When the wind speed is beyond the rating, the active power can be limited reasonably around the power rating of wind turbines by adjusting the pitch angle.

The Simulation of Pitch Control System for Variable Speed Wind Turbine Based on Neural Network

2011 ◽  
Vol 383-390 ◽  
pp. 2501-2506
Author(s):  
Li Na Liu ◽  
Hui Juan Qi ◽  
Bin Li
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Control System ◽  
Wind Speed ◽  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Output Power ◽  
Pitch Angle ◽  
Optimal Control Strategy ◽  
Pitch Control ◽  
Detailed Simulation ◽  
And Performance

The parameters of large wind turbine need to be adjusted timely to avoid excessive wind energy that will cause damage on the wind turbine itself. Based on the simplified mathematical model of wind turbine, we got the relationship curve between its parameters. When the speed of wind was higher than the rated wind speed, we figure out the value of pitch angle during the changes of effective wind speed to keep rated output power. Neural Network used to train the data and pitch control system was built, it used to adjust pitch angle once the wind changes, and maintain the output power at rated value. The complex mathematical relation can be replaced by the trained network model. Detailed simulation results have confirmed the feasibility and performance of the optimal control strategy, which protect the wind turbine from damage and prolong its service life.

Field Operation and Track Tests of 1-kW Small Wind Turbine Under High Wind Conditions

2009 ◽  
Vol 132 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hikaru Matsumiya ◽  
Ryosuke Ito ◽  
Masafumi Kawakami ◽  
Daisuke Matsushita ◽  
Makoto Iida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Wind Speed ◽  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Design Process ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
High Wind ◽  
Technical Approach ◽  
Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine ◽  
Pitch Control ◽  
Maximum Wind

A 1-kW small horizontal-axis wind turbine “Airdolphin,” capable of high wind operation up to 50 m/s without pitch control system, is now under global round robin tests. The present paper reports a series of technical approach including design/analysis, track tests, and field tests conducted in support to the design process. One windy site “Erimo” and one offshore site “Fukushima” were chosen. For example, at “Erimo,” a record of one-day generation was 8.831 kWh on November 13, 2006 (day-averaged wind speed; 11.8 m/s) with 36.8% of capacity factor. An operation data under an attack of typhoon with 50 m/s maximum wind speed demonstrated the technical concepts of high wind operation and safety. A new term “capatureability” as an indicator of WT performance was proposed.

scholarly journals Airflow Characteristics According to the Change in the Height and Porous Rate of Building Roofs for Efficient Installation of Small Wind Power Generators

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 5688
Author(s):  
Jangyoul You ◽  
Kipyo You ◽  
Minwoo Park ◽  
Changhee Lee
Keyword(s):  
Wind Speed ◽  
Wind Power ◽  
Turbulence Intensity ◽  
Flow Characteristics ◽  
High Porosity ◽  
Power Generators ◽  
Speed Reduction ◽  
Reduction Effect ◽  
Wind Power Generators ◽  
The Impact

In this paper, the air flow characteristics and the impact of wind power generators were analyzed according to the porosity and height of the parapet installed in the rooftop layer. The wind speed at the top was decreasing as the parapet was installed. However, the wind speed reduction effect was decreasing as the porosity rate increased. In addition, the increase in porosity significantly reduced turbulence intensity and reduced it by up to 40% compared to no railing. In the case of parapets with sufficient porosity, the effect of reducing turbulence intensity was also increased as the height increased. Therefore, it was confirmed that sufficient parapet height and high porosity reduce the effect of reducing wind speed by parapets and significantly reducing the turbulence intensity, which can provide homogeneous wind speed during installation of wind power generators.

Scale and Lag Effects on Control of Aerodynamic Power and Loads on a HAWT Rotor

2001 ◽  
Vol 123 (4) ◽  
pp. 339-345 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. J. Moriarty ◽  
A. J. Eggers, ◽  
K. Chaney ◽  
W. E. Holley
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Fatigue Life ◽  
Wind Speed ◽  
Open Loop ◽  
Time Lags ◽  
Large Power ◽  
Lag Effects ◽  
Mean Wind Speed ◽  
The Mean ◽  
High Control

The effects of rotor scale and control system lag were examined for a variable-speed wind turbine. The scale study was performed on a teetered rotor with radii ranging between 22.5m and 33.75m. A 50% increase in radius more than doubled the rated power and annual energy capture. Using blade pitch to actively control fluctuating flatwise moments allowed for significant reductions in blade mass for a fixed fatigue life. A blade operated in closed-loop mode with a 33.75m radius weighed less than an open-loop blade with a 22.5m radius while maintaining the same fatigue life of 5×109 rotations. Actuator lag reduced the effectiveness of the control system. However, 50% reductions in blade mass were possible even when implementing a relatively slow actuator with a 1 sec. time constant. Other practical limits on blade mass may include fatigue from start/stop cycles, non-uniform turbulence, tower wake effects, and wind shear. The more aggressive control systems were found to have high control accelerations near 60 deg/s2, which may be excessive for realistic actuators. Two time lags were introduced into the control system when mean wind speed was estimated in a rapidly changing wind environment. The first lag was the length of time needed to determine mean wind speed, and therefore the mean control settings. The second was the frequency at which these mean control settings were changed. Preliminary results indicate that quickly changing the mean settings (every 10 seconds) and using a moderate length mean averaging time (60 seconds) resulted in the longest fatigue life. It was discovered that large power fluctuations occurred during open-loop operation which could cause sizeable damage to a realistic turbine generator. These fluctuations are reduced by one half or more when aerodynamic loads are actively controlled.

scholarly journals Wind Turbulence Intensity at La Ventosa, Mexico: A Comparative Study with the IEC61400 Standards

Energies ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 3007 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Lopez-Villalobos ◽  
O. Rodriguez-Hernandez ◽  
R. Campos-Amezcua ◽  
Guillermo Hernandez-Cruz ◽  
O. Jaramillo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wind Speed ◽  
Wind Turbines ◽  
Turbulence Intensity ◽  
Structural Damage ◽  
Atmospheric Stability ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Power Sector ◽  
Wind Speeds ◽  
Technical Solutions ◽  
Large Wind

Wind speed turbulence intensity is a crucial parameter in designing the structure of wind turbines. The IEC61400 considers the Normal Turbulence Model (NTM) as a reference for fatigue load calculations for small and large wind turbines. La Ventosa is a relevant region for the development of the wind power sector in Mexico. However, in the literature, there are no studies on this important parameter in this zone. Therefore, we present an analysis of the turbulence intensity to improve the understanding of local winds and contribute to the development of reliable technical solutions. In this work, we experimentally estimate the turbulence intensity of the region and the wind shear exponent in terms of atmospheric stability to analyze the relation of these design parameters with the recommended standard for large and small wind turbines. The results showed that the atmosphere is strongly convective and stable in most of the eleven months studied. The turbulence intensity analysis showed that for a range of wind speeds between 2 and 24 m/s, some values of the variable measured were greater than those recommended by the standard, which corresponds to 388 hours of turbulence intensity being underestimated. This may lead to fatigue loads and cause structural damage to the technologies installed in the zone if they were not designed to operate in these wind speed conditions.

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