scholarly journals Iris - Mensajería instantánea para personas con ceguera en dispositivos móviles con pantalla táctil

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 42
Author(s):  
Franco Castellano Alvarez ◽  
Paul J. Chavarría Podoliako ◽  
Alfredo Barrientos Padilla
Keyword(s):  
Instant Messaging ◽  
Inclusive Development ◽  
Smart Devices ◽  
Access To Information ◽  
Text To Speech ◽  
Blind Person ◽  
Screen Reader ◽  
Continuous Increase ◽  
Adaptive Solution ◽  
Ubiquitous Access

<p>En años recientes, el uso de tabletas y teléfonos o dispositivos inteligentes ha incrementado continuamente gracias a la facilidad y disponibilidad de acceso a la información, entretenimiento y comunicación que ofrecen con su creciente variedad de aplicativos y especialmente su acceso a internet. A diferencia de computadoras o notebooks, estos dispositivos tienen tecnologías para mejorar la usabilidad para personas con dificultades visuales que también pueden ser utilizadas para crear nuevos aplicativos de asistencia sin la necesidad de aparatos externos. Esto genera oportunidades para un desarrollo inclusivo que mantiene la misma portabilidad. Sin embargo, estos dispositivos principalmente usan una pantalla táctil y aún entre sus tecnologías incorporadas, no tienen medios para ingresar datos que sean permitan que personas con ceguera ingresen información por otros medios que no sean su voz o un complejo teclado QWERTY. En este artículo, proponemos el uso de una solución adaptativa que permite al usuario usar la misma pantalla táctil como una alternativa para ingresar datos al simular un teclado Braille y demostramos su uso, además de tecnologías de lector de texto, con una aplicación que permite que una persona ciega chatee mediante mensajes instantáneos.</p><p>In recent years, the use of tablets and smartphones (smart devices) has experienced a continuous increase thanks to the ease of ubiquitous access to information, entertainment and communication they offer with their growing variety of applications and, especially, their access to internet. Unlike computers or laptops, these tools have usability-oriented technologies for people with vision impairments that can also be used to build new assistive applications without the need for external gadgets. This offers opportunities for inclusive development maintaining the same portability. However, these devices mainly use just a touchscreen and, even among its inbuilt technologies, they do not have any means of accessible and adequate input that enable the blind to enter information by means other than their voice or the complicated QWERTY keyboard. In this paper we propose the use of an adaptive solution that allows the user to employ the same touchscreen as an alternate input by simulating a Braille keyboard and we demonstrate its use, along with screen reader and text-to-speech technologies, with an application that allows a blind person to chat through instant messaging.</p><p class="ABSTRACT"><span lang="EN-US"><br /></span></p>

Revitalizing Eastern and Western Online Communication: A Micro-Meso-Macro Link of Temporal Digital Change

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Faust ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Chinese Culture ◽  
Temporal Change ◽  
Instant Messaging ◽  
Online Communication ◽  
Smart Devices ◽  
Online Journalism ◽  
Mediated Communication ◽  
Media Synchronicity ◽  
Eastern Culture ◽  
Pace Of Life

This paper explains in a de-westernized sense (Gunaratne, 2010) how internet-mediated communication changes the way we deal with and plan time both individually and culturally in Germany and China. Therefore, it blends Western and Eastern culture and media theories. The paper focuses on two distinct phenomena: temporal change due to social media, and Online journalism, as the core of Internet-mediated communication (for Germany 39% communication, media use 24% Projektgruppe ARD/ZDF-Multimedia, 2016; for China 90.7% instant messaging, 82% Internet news China Internet Network Information Center, 2017), with other temporal change via smart devices touched upon (Ash, 2018). General research on time in post modern societies, recently more focused on media’s temporal change phenomena (e.g. Barker, 2012; Barker, 2018; Castells, 2010; Eriksen, 2001; Hartmann, 2016; Hassan, 2003; Innis, 2004; Neverla, 2010a, 2010b; Nowotny, 1995; Rantanen, 2005; Wajcman, 2010; Wajcman and Dodd) has not yet linked the different societal and cultural levels of temporal change. Thus, we suggest the following to fill this research gap: For a micro perspective the notions of network theories (e.g. Granovetter, 1973; Schönhuth, 2013), media synchronicity (Dennis, Fuller, and Valacich, 2008) and the idea of permanent connectivity (Sonnentag, Reinecke, Mata, and Vorderer, 2018; van Dijck, 2013; Vorderer, Krömer, and Schneider, 2016) are linked. On a meso level, institutional change in Online journalism with a focus on acceleration is modeled (Ananny, 2016; Bødker and Sonnevend, 2017; Dimmick, Feaster, and Hoplamazian, 2011; Krüger, 2014; Neuberger, 2010). On a macro level, mediatization theory (Couldry and Hepp, 2017; Krotz, 2001, 2012) and recent acceleration theory (Rosa, 2005, 2012, 2017) is discussed. The levels are systematically linked suggesting a micro-meso-macro-link (Quandt, 2010) to then ask if and how many of the dimensions of the construct temporal understanding (Faust, 2016) can be changed through Internet-mediated communication. Temporal understanding consists of nine dimensions: General past, general future, instrumental experience (monochronicity), fatalism, interacting experience (polychronicity), pace of life, future as planned expectation and result of proximal goals as well as future as trust based interacting expectation and result of present positive behavior. Temporal understanding integrates the anthropological construct of polychronicity (Bluedorn, Kalliath, Strube, and Martin, 1999; Hall, 1984; Lindquist and Kaufman-Scarborough, 2007), pace of life (Levine, 1998) and temporal horizon (Klapproth, 2011) into a broader framework which goes beyond Western biased constructs through the theory driven incorporation of Confucian notions (Chinese Culture Connection, 1987).  Finally, meta trends are laid out.

Design and Evaluation of Accessible Collaborative Writing Techniques for People with Vision Impairments

2022 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-42
Author(s):  
Maitraye Das ◽  
Anne Marie Piper ◽  
Darren Gergle
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Collaborative Writing ◽  
Evaluation Study ◽  
Systematic Evaluation ◽  
Collaborative Systems ◽  
Text To Speech ◽  
Screen Reader ◽  
Academic Organizations ◽  
Collaboration Awareness ◽  
Writing Tools

Collaborative writing tools have been used widely in professional and academic organizations for many years. Yet, there has not been much work to improve screen reader access in mainstream collaborative writing tools. This severely affects the way people with vision impairments collaborate in ability-diverse teams. As a step toward addressing this issue, the present article aims at improving screen reader representation of collaborative features such as comments and track changes (i.e., suggested edits). Building on our formative interviews with 20 academics and professionals with vision impairments, we developed auditory representations that indicate comments and edits using non-speech audio (e.g., earcons, tone overlay), multiple text-to-speech voices, and contextual presentation techniques. We then performed a systematic evaluation study with 48 screen reader users that indicated that non-speech audio, changing voices, and contextual presentation can potentially improve writers’ collaboration awareness. We discuss implications of these results for the design of accessible collaborative systems.

iPad Usage and Appropriate Applications

2017 ◽  
pp. 185-212
Author(s):  
Julia Bennett ◽  
Fan-Yu Lin
Keyword(s):  
Learning Environment ◽  
Learning Environments ◽  
Mobile Learning ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Mobile Device ◽  
Educational Systems ◽  
Access To Information ◽  
Ubiquitous Access ◽  
K 12 ◽  
Ipad Applications

Mobile learning, learning delivered or accompanied by any handheld or individual device that contributes to increasing knowledge or skills, has continuously become popular in educational systems in the 21st century. Apple's iPad has been a popular mobile device that has been chosen for us in 1-to-1 learning environments. Research suggests that utilizing iPads in educational settings is beneficial due to its affordance, portability, ubiquitous access to information, ability to communicate with other iPad users, and the opportunity it offers to showcase creativity and individuality through various applications. Studies have found value in providing students with their own iPads. This chapter overviews both the benefits and concerns of iPad usage in K-12 classrooms. Furthermore, specific web and iPad applications are discussed. When educators take appropriate steps to create a controlled learning environment, concerns and limitations regarding mobile learning with an iPad can be diminished.

scholarly journals Participation in groundwater governance – outlining a path to inclusive development

Water Policy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 1050-1064
Author(s):  
Gabriela Cuadrado-Quesada ◽  
Joyeeta Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Groundwater Resources ◽  
Inclusive Development ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Access To Justice ◽  
Access To Information ◽  
Groundwater Governance ◽  
Participation In Decision Making ◽  
Legal Frameworks ◽  
The Right

Abstract Although there is considerable research on participation, there is little that combines the relationship between access to information, participation and access to justice and how these can be combined to enhance groundwater governance. Hence, this article addresses the question: How can legal frameworks that recognize the right to participation alleviate local groundwater governance problems in different contexts? In order to address this question, this article reviews the literature on participation, law, policy and inclusive development and analyses selected legal frameworks that recognize participation, access to information and access to justice to determine how these frameworks have been implemented in groundwater governance. The selected contexts include Australia and Costa Rica. The findings show that (i) access to information, participation in decision-making and access to justice are mostly employed in a reactive manner to solve groundwater governance problems; (ii) access to information on groundwater ignores particular features of groundwater resources, such as ‘invisibility’, ‘irreversibility’ especially in relation to fossil resources, the local nature, and limited consensus on the data; (iii) meaningful participation is unlikely until information, learning, knowledge, and awareness about groundwater resources is popularized and (iv) factors enhancing access to information and participation in decision-making in groundwater governance include the existence of a water crisis, leadership, government funding dedicated to organize participatory processes; and small-scale and homogenous communities.

Reading by Listening

2013 ◽  
pp. 454-477
Author(s):  
Marni Gail Jones ◽  
Christopher L. Schwilk ◽  
David F. Bateman
Keyword(s):  
End Users ◽  
Text To Speech ◽  
Screen Reader ◽  
Speech Technology ◽  
Pros And Cons ◽  
Access Information ◽  
Specific Technology

Advances in technology have produced a variety of ways for students with a print disability to access written material through audio format: from Recording for the Blind and Dyslexic’s pre-recorded books to text-to-speech technology, such as Kurzweil’s screen reader. This chapter will describe the need for books in alternate formats, how they can be used, who the end users are, the pros and cons of various formats, where to access information about the technology available, sample products, and tips for their use. Note: The authors are not promoting or endorsing any specific technology, and received no reimbursement nor are affiliated with any of the products mentioned in this chapter.

iPad Usage and Appropriate Applications

2018 ◽  
pp. 768-795
Author(s):  
Julia Bennett ◽  
Fan-Yu Lin
Keyword(s):  
Learning Environment ◽  
Learning Environments ◽  
Mobile Learning ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Mobile Device ◽  
Educational Systems ◽  
Access To Information ◽  
Ubiquitous Access ◽  
K 12 ◽  
Ipad Applications

Mobile learning, learning delivered or accompanied by any handheld or individual device that contributes to increasing knowledge or skills, has continuously become popular in educational systems in the 21st century. Apple's iPad has been a popular mobile device that has been chosen for us in 1-to-1 learning environments. Research suggests that utilizing iPads in educational settings is beneficial due to its affordance, portability, ubiquitous access to information, ability to communicate with other iPad users, and the opportunity it offers to showcase creativity and individuality through various applications. Studies have found value in providing students with their own iPads. This chapter overviews both the benefits and concerns of iPad usage in K-12 classrooms. Furthermore, specific web and iPad applications are discussed. When educators take appropriate steps to create a controlled learning environment, concerns and limitations regarding mobile learning with an iPad can be diminished.

Reading by Listening

2012 ◽  
pp. 249-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marni Gail Jones ◽  
Christopher L. Schwilk ◽  
David F. Bateman
Keyword(s):  
End Users ◽  
Text To Speech ◽  
Screen Reader ◽  
Speech Technology ◽  
Pros And Cons ◽  
Access Information ◽  
Specific Technology

Advances in technology have produced a variety of ways for students with a print disability to access written material through audio format: from Recording for the Blind and Dyslexic’s pre-recorded books to text-to-speech technology, such as Kurzweil’s screen reader. This chapter will describe the need for books in alternate formats, how they can be used, who the end users are, the pros and cons of various formats, where to access information about the technology available, sample products, and tips for their use. Note: The authors are not promoting or endorsing any specific technology, and received no reimbursement nor are affiliated with any of the products mentioned in this chapter.

The value of sound: Datafication of the sound industries in the age of surveillance and platform capitalism

First Monday ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Ignacio Gallego
Keyword(s):  
Value Chain ◽  
Instant Messaging ◽  
Access To Information ◽  
A Value ◽  
Live Music ◽  
Control Devices ◽  
Voice Interaction ◽  
Digital Landscape ◽  
New Devices

The current digital landscape is based on platform capitalism and on the cloud concept in which different services (music platforms, instant messaging services, live music companies, sellers, device companies, music major labels, radio players) try to control music/sound circulation. The new century started with the development of new devices — the iPod, smartphones, AI speakers — and distribution modes (podcasting, streaming) and the emergence of voice interaction to control devices. In this context, this paper develops a value chain defining the diverse key intermediaries in the management, accumulation, distribution, and access to information phases.

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