scholarly journals Characterizing Information Processing in Visual Search According to Probability of Target Prevalence

2015 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 357-375
Author(s):  
박형범 ◽  
현주석 ◽  
손한결
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Visual Search ◽  
Target Prevalence

The effects of increasing target prevalence on information processing during visual search

2014 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 469-475 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hayward J. Godwin ◽  
Tamaryn Menneer ◽  
Kyle R. Cave ◽  
Michael Thaibsyah ◽  
Nick Donnelly
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Visual Search ◽  
Target Prevalence

Cognitive Information Processing Measures as Predictors of Monitoring Performance

1982 ◽  
Vol 54 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1299-1302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas Cellar ◽  
Gerald V. Barrett ◽  
Ralph Alexander ◽  
Dennis Doverspike ◽  
Jay C. Thomas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Visual Search ◽  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Female College Students ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Term Memory ◽  
Cognitive Information Processing ◽  
Precise Understanding ◽  
Cognitive Information ◽  
Complex Monitoring

To obtain a more precise understanding of the constructs underlying complex monitoring, measures of short-term memory and visual search were administered to 7 male and 13 female college students. The hypothesis was that more rapid short-term memory and visual search would be related to successful monitoring. A correlational analysis indicated that choice reaction time was related to performance ( r = –.38 and –.43) while rate of serial comparisons was not ( r = –.08 and –.28). It was concluded that information-processing measures enhanced the understanding of the underlying processes in monitoring beyond that provided by traditional cognitive tests.

scholarly journals Electrophysiological Measure of Impaired Information Processing in Drivers with Hematological Malignancy

2018 ◽  
Vol 2672 (37) ◽  
pp. 64-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
David E. Anderson ◽  
Vijaya R. Bhatt ◽  
Kendra Schmid ◽  
Matthew Lunning ◽  
Sarah A. Holstein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Visual Search ◽  
Automobile Driving ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Processing Capacity ◽  
Brain Physiology ◽  
Brain Functions ◽  
Information Processing Capacity ◽  
Cohen’S D ◽  
Cohen's D

The broad goal of this study is to measure remote effects of cancer on brain physiology and behaviors that underpin instrumental activities of daily living such as automobile driving. Studies of hematological malignancies (HM) have demonstrated impairments in multiple brain functions shown to be critical for safe automobile driving. In the current pilot study, brain physiology during driving simulation was examined in 14 HM patients and 13 healthy comparison drivers. Electroencephalography was used to measure the eye fixation-related potential (EFRP)—a positive amplitude deflection evoked approximately 100 milliseconds after eye movement termination. Previous studies have demonstrated sensitivity of EFRP activity to information-processing capacity. All drivers completed visual search tasks to evaluate the relationship between driving-related changes in performance and EFRP activity. Results showed smaller EFRP amplitudes in drivers who had: (1) greater driving-related changes in visual search performance ( p = 0.03, Cohen’s d = 0.91); and (2) HM diagnosis ( p = 0.18, Cohen’s d = 0.54). Extending previous studies, these results provide neural evidence of reduced information-processing capacity associated with cancer diagnosis. Future large-scale studies are needed to confirm these results, given the high level of uncertainty and small sample size. This study provides a novel platform for linking changes in brain physiology and safety-critical driving behaviors.

Field Dependence and Driver Visual Search Behavior

1978 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 553-559 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Shinar ◽  
Edward D. McDowell ◽  
Nick J. Rackoff ◽  
Thomas H. Rockwell
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Visual Search ◽  
Field Dependence ◽  
Visual Information ◽  
Search Time ◽  
Search Behavior ◽  
Search Pattern ◽  
Eyes Closed ◽  
Field Dependent ◽  
On The Road

This paper reports on two studies that examined the relationship between field dependence and on-the-road visual search behavior. In the first study, concerned with eye movements in curve negotiation, it was found that field-dependent subjects have a less effective visual search pattern. In the second study, young and aged drivers were compared on several information processing tasks and on their ability to maintain their eyes closed part of the time while driving. Of the various information processing tasks, only field dependence and visual search time correlated significantly with the mean time the drivers needed to maintain their eyes open while driving, Together the two studies indicate that field dependent subjects require more time to process the available visual information and are less effective in their visual search pattern.

Selective impairment in effortful information processing in major depression

2003 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 954-959 ◽  
Author(s):  
Åsa Hammar ◽  
Anders Lund ◽  
Kenneth Hugdahl
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Visual Search ◽  
Major Depression ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Search Time ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Impaired Performance ◽  
Depressed Patients ◽  
Automatic Information ◽  
Healthy Control

AbstractAutomatic and effortful information processing in depressed patients was investigated by a visual search paradigm, in order to examine dysfunctional effortful processing in depressed patients. Twenty-one patients with major depression, according to the DSM–IV, and with a moderate depression measured by the Hamilton Rating Scale score at >18 participated in the study. The healthy control group was matched for age, gender, and level of education. Half of the trials involved only one type of distractor, and the other half of the trials involved two types of distractors being presented. The results show that the performance of the depressed patients was equal to the control group when the target was easily recognized with only one type of distractor present. However, when target detection required a more difficult and complex attentive search strategy, effortful information processing, the depressed patients needed longer visual search time compared to the controls. Depressed patients seem to have impaired performance on effortful but not automatic information processing. (JINS, 2003, 9, 954–959.)

scholarly journals Low target prevalence is a stubborn source of errors in visual search tasks.

2007 ◽  
Vol 136 (4) ◽  
pp. 623-638 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeremy M. Wolfe ◽  
Todd S. Horowitz ◽  
Michael J. Van Wert ◽  
Naomi M. Kenner ◽  
Skyler S. Place ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Search ◽  
Search Tasks ◽  
Target Prevalence

scholarly journals The forest, the trees, and the leaves across adulthood: Age-related changes on a visual search task containing three-level hierarchical stimuli

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabrina Bouhassoun ◽  
Nicolas Poirel ◽  
Noah Hamlin ◽  
Gaelle E. Doucet
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Information Processing ◽  
Visual Search ◽  
Visual Information ◽  
Healthy Aging ◽  
Search Task ◽  
Visual Search Task ◽  
Local Processing ◽  
Global Precedence ◽  
Hierarchical Stimuli

AbstractSelecting relevant visual information in complex scenes by processing either global information or local parts helps us act efficiently within our environment and achieve goals. A global advantage (faster global than local processing) and global interference (global processing interferes with local processing) comprise an evidentiary global precedence phenomenon in early adulthood. However, the impact of healthy aging on this phenomenon remains unclear. As such, we collected behavioral data during a visual search task, including three-levels hierarchical stimuli (i.e., global, intermediate, and local levels) with several hierarchical distractors, in 50 healthy adults (26 younger (mean age: 26 years) and 24 older (mean age: 62 years)). Results revealed that processing information presented at the global and intermediate levels was independent of age. Conversely, older adults were slower for local processing compared to the younger adults, suggesting lower efficiency to deal with visual distractors during detail-oriented visual search. Although healthy older adults continued exhibiting a global precedence phenomenon, they were disproportionately less efficient during local aspects of information processing, especially when multiple visual information was displayed. Our results could have important implications for many life situations by suggesting that visual information processing is impacted by healthy aging, even with similar visual stimuli objectively presented.

scholarly journals No advantage for separating overt and covert attention in visual search

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph MacInnes ◽  
Ómar I. Jóhannesson ◽  
Andrey Chetverikov ◽  
Arni Kristjansson
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Visual Search ◽  
Change Blindness ◽  
Task Demands ◽  
Covert Attention ◽  
Search Performance ◽  
Overt Attention ◽  
Complex Scenes ◽  
Improved Performance ◽  
Gaze Position

We move our eyes roughly three times every second while searching complex scenes, but covert attention helps to guide where we allocate those overt fixations. Covert attention may be allocated reflexively or voluntarily, and speeds the rate of information processing at the attended location. Reducing access to covert attention hinders performance, but it is not known to what degree the locus of covert attention is tied to the current gaze position. We compared visual search performance in a traditional gaze contingent display with a second task where a similarly sized contingent window is controlled with a mouse allowing a covert aperture to be controlled independently from overt gaze. Larger apertures improved performance for both mouse and gaze contingent trials suggesting that covert attention was beneficial regardless of control type. We also found evidence that participants used the mouse controlled aperture independently of gaze position, suggesting that participants attempted to untether their covert and overt attention when possible. This untethering manipulation, however, resulted in an overall cost to search performance, a result at odds with previous results in a change blindness paradigm. Untethering covert and overt attention may therefore have costs or benefits depending on the task demands in each case.

Identifying Perceptual, Motor, and Cognitive Components Contributing to Slowness of Information Processing in Multiple Sclerosis with and without Depressive Symptoms

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Genny Lubrini ◽  
José A. Periáñez ◽  
Mireya Fernández-Fournier ◽  
Antonio Tallón Barranco ◽  
Exuperio Díez-Tejedor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Information Processing ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Visual Search ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Stimulus Response ◽  
Cognitive Components ◽  
Relapsing Remitting ◽  
Motor Component ◽  
Comprehensive Manner

Abstract Increasing findings suggest that different components of the stimulus-response pathway (perceptual, motor or cognitive) may account for slowed performance in Multiple Sclerosis (MS). It has also been reported that depressive symptoms (DS) exacerbate slowness in MS. However, no prior studies have explored the independent and joint impact of MS and DS on each of these components in a comprehensive manner. The objective of this work was to identify perceptual, motor, and cognitive components contributing to slowness in MS patients with and without DS. The study includes 33 Relapsing-Remitting MS patients with DS, 33 without DS, and 26 healthy controls. Five information processing components were isolated by means of ANCOVA analyses applied to five Reaction Time tasks. Perceptual, motor, and visual search components were slowed down in MS, as revealed by ANCOVA comparisons between patients without DS, and controls. Moreover, the compounding effect of MS and DS exacerbated deficits in the motor component, and slowed down the decisional component, as revealed by ANCOVA comparisons between patients with and without DS. DS seem to exacerbate slowness caused by MS in specific processing components. Identifying the effects of having MS and of having both MS and DS may have relevant implications when targeting cognitive and mood interventions.

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