Salinization of urbanizing New Hampshire streams and groundwater: effects of road salt and hydrologic variability

2009 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 929-940 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle L. Daley ◽  
Jody D. Potter ◽  
William H. McDowell
Keyword(s):  
New Hampshire ◽  
Road Salt ◽  
Hydrologic Variability

scholarly journals Hydrologic variability contributes to reduced survival through metamorphosis in a stream salamander

2019 ◽  
Vol 116 (39) ◽  
pp. 19563-19570 ◽  
Author(s):  
Winsor H. Lowe ◽  
Leah K. Swartz ◽  
Brett R. Addis ◽  
Gene E. Likens
Keyword(s):  
New Hampshire ◽  
Environmental Variability ◽  
Adult Stage ◽  
Larval Abundance ◽  
Freshwater Species ◽  
Diverse Group ◽  
Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest ◽  
Stream Discharge ◽  
Hydrologic Variability ◽  
Gyrinophilus Porphyriticus

Changes in the amount, intensity, and timing of precipitation are increasing hydrologic variability in many regions, but we have little understanding of how these changes are affecting freshwater species. Stream-breeding amphibians—a diverse group in North America—may be particularly sensitive to hydrologic variability during aquatic larval and metamorphic stages. Here, we tested the prediction that hydrologic variability in streams decreases survival through metamorphosis in the salamander Gyrinophilus porphyriticus, reducing recruitment to the adult stage. Using a 20-y dataset from Merrill Brook, a stream in northern New Hampshire, we show that abundance of G. porphyriticus adults has declined by ∼50% since 1999, but there has been no trend in larval abundance. We then tested whether hydrologic variability during summers influences survival through metamorphosis, using capture–mark–recapture data from Merrill Brook (1999 to 2004) and from 4 streams in the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest (2012 to 2014), also in New Hampshire. At both sites, survival through metamorphosis declined with increasing variability of stream discharge. These results suggest that hydrologic variability reduces the demographic resilience and adaptive capacity of G. porphyriticus populations by decreasing recruitment of breeding adults. They also provide insight on how increasing hydrologic variability is affecting freshwater species, and on the broader effects of environmental variability on species with vulnerable metamorphic stages.

Relating Road Salt to Exceedances of the Water Quality Standard for Chloride in New Hampshire Streams

2010 ◽  
Vol 44 (13) ◽  
pp. 4903-4909 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip R. Trowbridge ◽  
J. Steve Kahl ◽  
Dari A. Sassan ◽  
Douglas L. Heath ◽  
Edward M. Walsh
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
New Hampshire ◽  
Road Salt ◽  
Quality Standard ◽  
Water Quality Standard

Delineating a road-salt plume in lakebed sediments using electrical resistivity, piezometers, and seepage meters at Mirror Lake, New Hampshire, U.S.A

Geophysics ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 75 (4) ◽  
pp. WA75-WA83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Toran ◽  
Melanie Johnson ◽  
Jonathan Nyquist ◽  
Donald Rosenberry
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Resistivity ◽  
New Hampshire ◽  
Chloride Concentration ◽  
Road Salt ◽  
Small Stream ◽  
Inlet Stream ◽  
Seepage Meters ◽  
Mirror Lake ◽  
Seepage Meter

Electrical-resistivity surveys, seepage meter measurements, and drive-point piezometers have been used to characterize chloride-enriched groundwater in lakebed sediments of Mirror Lake, New Hampshire, U.S.A. A combination of bottom-cable and floating-cable electrical-resistivity surveys identified a conductive zone [Formula: see text] overlying resistive bedrock [Formula: see text] beneath the lake. Shallow pore-water samples from piezometers in lakebed sediments have chloride concentrations of [Formula: see text], and lake water has a chloride concentration of [Formula: see text]. The extent of the plume was estimated and mapped using resistivity and water-sample data. The plume ([Formula: see text] wide and at least [Formula: see text] thick) extends nearly the full length and width of a small inlet, overlying the top of a basin formed by the bedrock. It would not have been possible to mapthe plume’s shape without the resistivity surveys because wells provided only limited coverage. Seepage meters were installed approximately [Formula: see text] from the mouth of a small stream discharging at the head of the inlet in an area where the resistivity data indicated lake sediments are thin. These meters recorded in-seepage of chloride-enriched groundwater at rates similar to those observed closer to shore, which was unexpected because seepage usually declines away from shore. Although the concentration of road salt in the northeast inlet stream is declining, the plume map and seepage data indicate the groundwater contribution of road salt to the lake is not declining. The findings demonstrate the benefit of combining geophysical and hydrologic data to characterize discharge of a plume beneath Mirror Lake. The extent of the plume in groundwater beneath the lake and stream indicate there will likely be a long-term source of chloride to the lake from groundwater.

Malpractice & Negligence: State Supreme Courts Limit Therapists’ Duties to Third Parties

1999 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 204-205
Author(s):  
Megan Cleary
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Child Sexual Abuse ◽  
Supreme Court ◽  
New Hampshire ◽  
Third Parties ◽  
State Supreme Courts ◽  
Recovered Memories ◽  
Supreme Courts ◽  
Repressed Memory ◽  
University Of Colorado

In recent years, the law in the area of recovered memories in child sexual abuse cases has developed rapidly. See J.K. Murray, “Repression, Memory & Suggestibility: A Call for Limitations on the Admissibility of Repressed Memory Testimony in Abuse Trials,” University of Colorado Law Review, 66 (1995): 477-522, at 479. Three cases have defined the scope of liability to third parties. The cases, decided within six months of each other, all involved lawsuits by third parties against therapists, based on treatment in which the patients recovered memories of sexual abuse. The New Hampshire Supreme Court, in Hungerford v. Jones, 722 A.2d 478 (N.H. 1998), allowed such a claim to survive, while the supreme courts in Iowa, in J.A.H. v. Wadle & Associates, 589 N.W.2d 256 (Iowa 1999), and California, in Eear v. Sills, 82 Cal. Rptr. 281 (1991), rejected lawsuits brought by nonpatients for professional liability.

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