VARIABILITY OF THE PROTECTIVE EFFECT OF SODIUM ON THE ACUTE TOXICITY OF COPPER TO FRESHWATER CLADOCERANS

2007 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 535 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karel A.C. De Schamphelaere ◽  
Bart T.A. Bossuyt ◽  
Colin R. Janssen
Keyword(s):  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Protective Effect

Protective effect of sulfhydryl compounds on acute toxicity of morphinone

Life Sciences ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 30 (13) ◽  
pp. 1121-1127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kunisuke Nagamatsu ◽  
Yasumasa Kido ◽  
Tadao Terao ◽  
Takashi Ishida ◽  
Satoshi Toki
Keyword(s):  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Sulfhydryl Compounds

scholarly journals Evaluation of Safety and Protective Effect of Combined Extract ofCissampelos pareiraandAnethum graveolens(PM52) against Age-Related Cognitive Impairment

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wipawee Thukham-mee ◽  
Jintanaporn Wattanathorn
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Food Supplement ◽  
Anethum Graveolens ◽  
Neuron Density ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Oecd Guideline

The present study aimed to determine acute toxicity, the protective effect, and underlying mechanism of PM52, a combined extract ofCissampelos pareiraandAnethum graveolens,against age-related cognitive impairment in animal model of age-related cognitive impairment. PM52 was determined as acute toxicity according to OECD guideline. Male Wistar rats, weighing 180–220 g, were orally given PM52 at doses of 2, 10, and 50 mg/kg at a period of 14 days before and 7 days after the bilateral administration of AF64A via intracerebroventricular route. All animals were assessed according to spatial memory, neuron density, MDA level, the activities of SOD, CAT, GSH-Px, and AChEI effect in hippocampus. It was found that all doses of PM52 could attenuate memory impairment and neurodegeneration in hippocampus. The possible mechanisms might occur via the suppression of AChE and the decreased oxidative stress in hippocampus. Therefore, our data suggest that PM52 may serve as food supplement to protect against age-related cognitive impairment such as mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and early phase of Alzheimer’s disease. However, further researches are still essential.

Protective effect of 3-methyl-1-phenyl-2-pyrazolin-5-one, a free radical scavenger, on acute toxicity of paraquat in mice

2003 ◽  
Vol 143 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toshiji Saibara ◽  
Katsumi Toda ◽  
Akihiko Wakatsuki ◽  
Yasuhiro Ogawa ◽  
Masafumi Ono ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Free Radical ◽  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Free Radical Scavenger ◽  
Radical Scavenger

scholarly journals The Acute Toxicity of Thulium to Hyalella Azteca and the Influence of Toxicity Modifying Factors.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandria Loveridge ◽  
D. Scott Smith ◽  
Jim C. McGeer
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Rare Earth ◽  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Dissolved Organic Matter ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Environmental Risk ◽  
Hyalella Azteca ◽  
Significant Protection ◽  
Standard Methods ◽  
Modifying Factors

Abstract The demand for rare earth elements (REEs) is growing and as a result, environmental exposure is a concern. The objective of this research was to evaluate the acute toxicity of Tm to Hyalella azteca and to understand the potential for toxicity modification by dissolved organic matter (DOM) and the cations Ca2+, Mg2+ and Na+. Standard methods were followed for 96 h static exposures in a medium with a hardness of 60 mg CaCO3/L, pH of 7.3 at 23°C. H azteca neonates (2-9 d of age) were used and in unmodified media the LC50 concentration was 3.4 µM (95% CI 2.9-3.9 µM; 573 µg/L (482-663)) based on measured dissolved concentrations at the end of the test. Tests done with different concentrations of Ca (0.25, 0.5 and 1.5 mM) did not show consistent trends and there was no clear evidence of a protective effect from Ca. Variations in Na (0.26, 0.5 and 1.6 mM) resulted in no significant changes in toxicity. Similarly, Mg (0.07, 0.14 and 0.4 mM) did not result in significant changes in LC50 values, except for a reduction in toxicity for measured total Tm at the lowest Mg concentration. Our results indicate that Tm toxicity is not influence by cationic competition (Ca, Na and Mg). Dissolved organic matter (sourced from Luther Marsh ON) offered significant protection against Tm toxicity. Additions over 3 mg DOC/L resulted in significantly increased LC50 values. This study contributes toward understanding the toxicity of Tm and the importance of considering dissolved organic matter in estimating the potential for environmental risk of REEs.

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