WATER-EXTRACTABILITY, FREE ION ACTIVITY, AND pH EXPLAIN CADMIUM SORPTION AND TOXICITY TO FOLSOMIA CANDIDA (COLLEMBOLA) IN SEVEN SOIL–pH COMBINATIONS

2004 ◽  
Vol 23 (8) ◽  
pp. 1822 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cornelis A.M. van Gestel ◽  
Josée E. Koolhaas
Keyword(s):  
Soil Ph ◽  
Folsomia Candida ◽  
Free Ion ◽  
Ion Activity

scholarly journals Zinc availability for corn grown on an oxisol amended with flue dust

2006 ◽  
Vol 63 (6) ◽  
pp. 558-563 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gláucia Cecília Gabrielli dos Santos ◽  
Ronaldo Severiano Berton ◽  
Otávio Antônio de Camargo ◽  
Mônica Ferreira de Abreu
Keyword(s):  
Soil Ph ◽  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Environmental Risks ◽  
Zinc Availability ◽  
Scheme Design ◽  
Flue Dust ◽  
Free Ion ◽  
Ph Conditions ◽  
Zn Availability

The costs related to the construction and maintenance of industrial landfills, and the environmental risks that they may represent, have increased the interest of several types of industries in studying the possibility of applying residues to agricultural soils. This study evaluates the efficiency of flue dust as a zinc source for corn, and the zinc availability for corn evaluated by four methods. A greenhouse experiment carried out at Campinas, SP, Brazil, evaluated the effect of two zinc sources (flue dust and zinc sulphate), at three rates (5, 50 and 150 mg dm-3), in one soil (Rhodic Hapludox) under two pH conditions (5.0 and 6.0). The treatments were arranged in a randomized factorial scheme design with three replications. Zinc availability indexes were determined by the pH 7.3 DTPA, Mehlich-1, and Mehlich-3 methods. The free Zn2+ activity in soil solution was calculated by the MINTEQ computer model. The extraction methods and the activity of the free ion Zn2+ were equally reliable to evaluate zinc availability in the soil amended with flue dust. More than 70% of the total Zn present in the saturation extract was in the free ion form, and the remainder was mainly complexed to SO4(2-) and OH-, independent of soil pH. Flue dust is a zinc supplier to plants. All tested methods were efficient in evaluating Zn availability for corn, independently of soil pH.

scholarly journals When are metal complexes bioavailable?

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 425 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chun-Mei Zhao ◽  
Peter G.C. Campbell ◽  
Kevin J. Wilkinson
Keyword(s):  
Metal Complexes ◽  
Biotic Ligand Model ◽  
Metal Bioavailability ◽  
Biotic Ligand ◽  
Free Ion ◽  
Ion Activity ◽  
Classical Models ◽  
Kinetic Processes ◽  
Free Metal ◽  
Ligand Model

Environmental contextThe concentration of a free metal cation has proved to be a useful predictor of metal bioaccumulation and toxicity, as represented by the free ion activity and biotic ligand models. However, under certain circumstances, metal complexes have been shown to contribute to metal bioavailability. In the current mini-review, we summarise the studies where the classic models fail and organise them into categories based on the different uptake pathways and kinetic processes. Our goal is to define the limits within which currently used models such as the biotic ligand model (BLM) can be applied with confidence, and to identify how these models might be expanded. AbstractNumerous data from studies over the past 30 years have shown that metal uptake and toxicity are often best predicted by the concentrations of free metal cations, which has led to the development of the largely successful free-ion activity model (FIAM) and biotic ligand model (BLM). Nonetheless, some exceptions to these classical models, showing enhanced metal bioavailability in the presence of metal complexes, have also been documented, although it is not yet fully understood to what extent these exceptions can or should be generalised. Only a few studies have specifically measured the bioaccumulation or toxicity of metal complexes while carefully measuring or controlling metal speciation. Fewer still have verified the fundamental assumptions of the classical models, especially when dealing with metal complexes. In the current paper, we have summarised the exceptions to classical models and categorised them into five groups based on the fundamental uptake pathways and kinetic processes. Our aim is to summarise the mechanisms involved in the interaction of metal complexes with organisms and to improve the predictive capability of the classic models when dealing with complexes.

The effect of soil pH and temperature on Folsomia candida transcriptional regulation

2010 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 350-355 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tjalf E. de Boer ◽  
Martin Holmstrup ◽  
Nico M. van Straalen ◽  
Dick Roelofs
Keyword(s):  
Transcriptional Regulation ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Folsomia Candida

Measurement of Free Cu Ion Activity in Seawater Using a Passive-Equilibrium Sonic-Assisted Free Ion Recorder (SAFIR)

2011 ◽  
Vol 45 (13) ◽  
pp. 5660-5667 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Li ◽  
Franco Pala ◽  
Jaclyn Haskins ◽  
Katrina Sukola ◽  
Gordon T. Wallace
Keyword(s):  
Free Ion ◽  
Ion Activity
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