Factor Structure of the Values in Action Inventory of Strengths-72 in Individuals With Multiple Sclerosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 94-105
Author(s):  
Muna Bhattarai ◽  
Yunzhen Huang ◽  
Yazmin Castruita Rios ◽  
Susan Miller Smedema
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Character Strengths ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Internal Consistency Reliability ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
Rehabilitation Professionals ◽  
Quantitative Descriptive

BackgroundResearch on character strengths in individuals with multiple sclerosis (MS) is lacking. Moreover, measures of character strengths have not been validated in this population, limiting the opportunities for further investigation.ObjectiveTo investigate the factor structure of the Values in Action Inventory of Strengths (VIA)-72 in a sample of individuals with MS.MethodsThis quantitative descriptive study included 624 individuals with MS. The factor structure of the VIA-72 was examined using principal component analysis. The internal consistency reliability and validity were assessed by computing Cronbach's alphas and correlations of the VIA-72 with other psychosocial constructs, respectively.FindingsThe principal component analysis revealed an interpretable four-factor structure of the VIA-72: intellectual and emotional strengths, temperance, transcendence, and interpersonal strengths. The factors significantly correlated with measures of quality of life, resilience, social support, depression, fatigue, and personality traits, indicating good concurrent validity. The four factors did not completely align with Peterson and Seligman's (2004) classification system.ConclusionsThe four-factor structure of the VIA-72 seems to be interpretable, valid, and reliable. Measures like VIA-72 may help rehabilitation professionals learn more about the nature and development of character strengths among persons with MS and suggest ways to cultivate it. Further studies are indicated to confirm the factor structures and psychometric properties of this scale in persons with MS.

scholarly journals Sensory Profile of Chihuahua Cheese Manufactured from Raw Milk

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarai Villalobos-Chaparro ◽  
Erika Salas-Muñóz ◽  
Néstor Gutiérrez-Méndez ◽  
Guadalupe Virginia Nevárez-Moorillón
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
Sensory Profile ◽  
Different Seasons ◽  
Quantitative Descriptive ◽  
Traditional Manufacturing ◽  
Chihuahua Cheese

Chihuahua cheese is a local artisanal cheese traditionally produced from raw milk. When this cheese is produced with pasteurized milk, cheesemakers complain that there are differences in taste and aroma as compared with traditional manufacturing. This work aimed to obtain a descriptive sensory analysis of Chihuahua cheese manufactured with raw milk under traditional conditions. Samples were collected in five cheese dairies at two different seasons (summer and autumn), and a Quantitative Descriptive Sensorial Analysis was done by a panel of trained judges. For aroma descriptors, cooked descriptor showed differences between dairies, and whey was different among dairies and sampling seasons (P<0.01); diacetyl, fruity (P<0.01), as well as free fatty acids, nutty and sulphur (P<0.05) descriptors varied between seasons. For flavour descriptors, bitter perception was different between dairies and seasons (P<0.01). Salty and creamy cheese was also different among dairies (P<0.01). A Principal Component Analysis for differences among dairies and sampling season demonstrated that the first three components accounted for 90% of the variance; variables were more affected by the sampling seasons than by the geographical location or if the dairy was operated by Mennonites. Chihuahua cheese sensorial profile can be described as a semi-matured cheese with a bitter flavour, slightly salted, and with a cream flavour, with aroma notes associated with whey and sour milk. Principal Component Analysis demonstrated season influence on flavour and aroma characteristics.

The Factor Structure in the Cognitive Battery of the Structured Interview for the Diagnosis of Dementia of the Alzheimer Type, Multi-Infarct Dementia, and Dementias of Other Aetiology

2001 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 311-323 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Kockler ◽  
Reinhard Heun
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Alzheimer Type ◽  
Diagnosis Of Dementia ◽  
Icd 10

The Structured Interview for the Diagnosis of Dementia of the Alzheimer Type, Multi-Infarct Dementia, and Dementias of Other Aetiology (SIDAM) includes the Mini-Mental State Examination extended by a number of additional items and allows the diagnosis of dementia according to ICD-10 and DSM-III-R criteria. The authors proposed to summarize selected items to form syndrome scores. These syndrome scores are supposed to measure different aspects of cognition. However, these syndrome scores have not been empirically confirmed. The present article presents a principal component analysis performed on the SIDAM test performances of 456 elderly subjects. The subjects were recruited in the course of a family study on dementia of the Alzheimer's type and depression in the elderly. One hundred four of these subjects met the criteria of dementia according to the ICD-10 criteria. Thus, the sample represnets the population in which the SIDAM is frequently used in routine clinical and epidemiological studies. We found a six-factor structure accounting for 57.1% of the variance with some similarities to the predefined structure of different syndrome scores proposed by the authors of the SIDAM. The first factor found in principal component analysis represented different higher cortical functions that all depend on language and comprehension. Three factors covered three different aspects of memory, i.e., orientation for time, orientation for place, and short-term memory. One factor represented visuoconstructive skills and, finally, there was a factor representing intellectual abilities and education. This empirically found factor structure characterizes the dimensions of cognitive deficits in demented subjects measured by the SIDAM. Syndrome scores should reflect these dimensions. Consequently, we propose to consider the empirically found factor structure in a new version of the SIDAM.

scholarly journals Physicians’ Attitudes toward Adolescent Confidentiality Services: Scale Development and Validation

2020 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vida Jeremić Stojković ◽  
Smiljana Cvjetković ◽  
Bojana Matejić
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Educational Interventions ◽  
Clinical Situation ◽  
Cronbach Alpha ◽  
Qualitative Interview Study ◽  
New Instrument

AbstractIntroductionConfidentiality is one of the oldest ethical principles in healthcare. However, confidentiality in adolescent healthcare is not a universally-accepted doctrine among scholars. The ethical acceptability of confidential services in adolescents’ healthcare is based on perceptions of adolescent maturity and an appreciation of its importance to adolescents’ access and utilization of healthcare services. Despite legal policies that promote adolescents’ rights, physicians’ attitudes toward adolescent confidentiality can be a determining factor in their ultimate decision to protect adolescents’ confidentiality.MethodA new Attitude towards Adolescent Confidentiality Scale was developed based on the results of a qualitative interview study. This new instrument was administered to a sample of 152 physicians working at school pediatric and gynecology departments in 13 primary healthcare institutions in Belgrade. Principal component analysis was applied to determine the main components of the scale. Reliability was assessed by calculating Cronbach alpha and mean inter-item correlations.ResultsPsychometric analysis of the final 19-item version of the scale showed a high level of reliability (Cronbach alpha of 0.83). Principal component analysis showed four components, which present subscales of the instrument: Confidentiality in clinical situation, Iimportance of confidentiality, Adolescent maturity, and Communication with parents.ConclusionsThe instrument showed satisfactory levels of reliability and validity. The results of the scale dissemination may be a valuable tool for needs assessment for future educational interventions and training programs that will raise physicians’ awareness of the importance of adolescent confidentiality.

scholarly journals Thai version of the foot function index: a cross-cultural adaptation with reliability and validity evaluation

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sunee Bovonsunthonchai ◽  
Suthasinee Thong-On ◽  
Roongtiwa Vachalathiti ◽  
Warinda Intiravoranont ◽  
Sarawut Suwannarat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
Criterion Validity ◽  
Retest Reliability ◽  
Foot Function ◽  
Test Retest Reliability

Abstract Background The study aimed to translate the foot function index (FFI) questionnaire to Thai and to determine psychometric properties of the questionnaire among individuals with plantar foot complaints. Methods The Thai version of the FFI (FFI-Th) was adapted according to a forward and backward translation protocol by two independent translators and analyzed by a linguist and a committee. The FFI-Th was administered among 49 individuals with plantar foot complaints to determine internal consistency, reliability, and validity. Cronbach’s alpha and the Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC3,1) were used to test the internal consistency and test-retest reliability. The Principal Component Analysis with varimax rotation method was used to test the factor structure and construct validity. Furthermore, the criterion validity was tested using Pearson’s correlation coefficient (rp) between the FFI-Th and the visual analogue pain scale (pain-VAS) as well as the EuroQol five-dimensional questionnaire (EQ-5D-5L). Results The FFI-Th showed good to excellent internal consistency and test-retest reliability in the total score, pain, disability, and activity limitation subscales. The Principal Component Analysis produced 4 principal factors from the FFI-Th items. Criterion validity of the FFI-Th total score showed moderate to strong correlations with pain-VAS and EQ-5D-5L, and EQ-VAS scores. Conclusion The FFI-Th was a reliable and valid questionnaire to assess the foot function in a Thai population. Trial registration NCT03161314 (08/05/2017).

scholarly journals Factorial structure analysis of the Torrance Test with Portuguese students

2013 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo Primi ◽  
Tatiana de Cássia Nakano ◽  
Maria de Fátima Morais ◽  
Leandro Silva Almeida ◽  
Ana Paula Marques David
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Internal Structure ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Structure Analysis ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
Factorial Structure ◽  
Grouped Variables

In order to verify the factorial structures of the Torrance verbal and figural tests, two activities of each instrument were applied with 193 students from the 10th and 12th years of education in Portugal. We tried to demonstrate that the collinearity of the fluency and flexibility variables could create methodological artifacts that hinder the understanding of the internal structure underlying the test. The principal component analysis without control of collinearity indicated a solution composed of four basic factors that separeted activities. Controlling for collinearity, we found a new solution, which also contained four factors that, unlike the previous result, grouped variables with similar processes but of different activities. The verbal and figural content is also an important element in the factor structure. This new arrangement makes more sense with the theory that underlies the instruments separating the different processes and content which are being measured by the activities.

“Would You Rather Jump Out of a Perfectly Good Airplane or Develop Cardiovascular Disease?” Validity and Reliability of the Cardiovascular Risk Perception Survey Among Military Personnel

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. E1-E17
Author(s):  
Kathy Prue-Owens ◽  
Helen Graham ◽  
Mythreyi Ramesh
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Risk Perception ◽  
Construct Validity ◽  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Internal Consistency Reliability ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
Perception Survey

Background and PurposeCardiovascular disease (CVD) is a major cause of death in the United States. The military are viewed as fit, ready to fight and that jumping out of perfectly good airplane or going to war is a greater risk than CVD. The purpose of this study was to determine reliability and validity of the Cardiovascular Risk Perception Survey (CRPS).MethodsA cross-sectional descriptive design was performed, supported by the Health Belief Model. Internal consistency reliability (Cronbach's alpha) and validity (principal component analysis) were examined.ResultsFifty-five participants were included in this study. Construct validity of the CRPS was supported by principal component analysis; indicating one scale that measured cardiovascular risk perception. The Cronbach's alpha is reported .865.ConclusionInitial psychometric testing of the CRPS provides evidence for construct validity and internal consistency reliability.

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