scholarly journals Propagule size and dispersal costs mediate establishment success of an invasive species

Ecology ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 97 (3) ◽  
pp. 569-575 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rolanda Lange ◽  
Dustin J. Marshall
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
Establishment Success ◽  
Propagule Size

scholarly journals A clue to invasion success: genetic diversity quickly rebounds after introduction bottlenecks

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Kaňuch ◽  
Åsa Berggren ◽  
Anna Cassel-Lundhagen
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Gene Flow ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Invasion Biology ◽  
Invasion Success ◽  
Founder Population ◽  
Establishment Success ◽  
Propagule Size ◽  
Introduced Populations ◽  
Species Invasiveness

AbstractOne of the fundamental questions in invasion biology is to understand the genetic mechanisms behind success or failure during the establishment of a species. However, major limitations to understanding are usually a lack of spatiotemporal population data and information on the populations’ colonisation history. In a large-scale, detailed study on the bush-cricket Metrioptera roeselii 70 groups of founders were introduced in areas outside the species’ distribution range. We examined how (1) the number of founders (2–32 individuals), (2) the time since establishment (7 or 15 years after introduction) and (3) possible gene flow affected establishment success and temporal genetic changes of the introduced populations. We found higher establishment success in introductions with larger propagule sizes but genetic diversity indices were only partly correlated to propagule size. As expected, introduced populations were more similar to their founder population the larger the propagule size was. However, even if apparent at first, most of the differentiation in the small propagule introductions disappeared over time. Surprisingly, genetic variability was regained to a level comparable to the large and outbreeding founder population only 15 generations after severe demographic bottlenecks. We suggest that the establishment of these populations could be a result of several mechanisms acting in synergy. Here, rapid increase in genetic diversity of few introductions could potentially be attributed to limited gene flow from adjacent populations, behavioural adaptations and/or even increased mutation rate. We present unique insights into genetic processes that point towards traits that are important for understanding species’ invasiveness.

scholarly journals Timing between successive introduction events determines establishment success in bacteria with an Allee effect

2019 ◽  
Vol 286 (1902) ◽  
pp. 20190598 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael D. Dressler ◽  
Josue Conde ◽  
Omar Tonsi Eldakar ◽  
Robert P. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Allee Effect ◽  
Propagule Pressure ◽  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
Invasion Biology ◽  
Theoretical Studies ◽  
Establishment Success ◽  
Propagule Size ◽  
Population Establishment ◽  
Principal Parts

Propagule pressure is a leading determinant of population establishment. Yet, an experimental understanding of how propagule size and number (two principal parts of propagule pressure) determine establishment success remains incomplete. Theoretical studies suggest that the timing between introduction events, a component of propagule number, can influence establishment success. However, this dynamic has rarely been explored experimentally. Using Escherichia coli engineered with an Allee effect, we investigated how the timing of two introduction events influences establishment. For populations introduced below the Allee threshold, establishment occurred if the time between two introduction events was sufficiently short, with the length of time between events further reduced by reducing growth rate. Interestingly, we observed that as the density of bacteria introduced in one introduction event increased, the time between introduction events that allowed for establishment increased. Using a mathematical model, we provide support that the mechanism behind these trends is the ability of the first population to modify the environment, which can pave the way for establishment of the second population. Our results provide experimental evidence that the temporal distribution of introduction events regulates establishment, furthering our understanding of propagule pressure and may have implications in invasion biology and infectious disease.

scholarly journals Experimental evidence of invasion facilitation in the zebra mussel-killer shrimp system

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matteo Rolla ◽  
Sofia Consuegra ◽  
Ellie Carrington ◽  
David Hall ◽  
Carlos Garcia de Leaniz
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
Zebra Mussel ◽  
Dreissena Polymorpha ◽  
Choice Test ◽  
Establishment Success ◽  
Allopatric Populations ◽  
Chemical Attraction ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Artificial Grass ◽  
Positive Effect

AbstractInvasion facilitation, whereby one species has a positive effect on the establishment of another species, could help explain the rapid colonisation shown by some freshwater invasive species, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. We employed two-choice test arenas to test whether the presence of zebra mussel (Dreissena polymorpha) could facilitate the establishment of the killer shrimp (Dikerogammarus villosus). Killer shrimp preferred to settle on mats of zebra mussel, but this was unrelated to mat size, and was not different from attraction shown to artificial grass, suggesting that zebra mussel primarily provides substrate and refuge to the killer shrimp. Killer shrimp were strongly attracted to water scented by zebra mussel, but not to water scented by fish. Chemical attraction to the zebra mussel’s scent did not differ between sympatric and allopatric populations of killer shrimp, suggesting that chemical facilitation is not an acquired or learned trait. Our results have implications for managing the spread of killer shrimp, and perhaps other freshwater invasive species, because invasion facilitation could significantly increase establishment success. Failure to consider invasion facilitation may underestimate the risk of establishment and likely impact of some aquatic invaders.

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