Interannual variability of growth and reproduction inBursera simaruba: the role of allometry and resource variability

Ecology ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 93 (1) ◽  
pp. 180-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine M. Hulshof ◽  
James C. Stegen ◽  
Nathan G. Swenson ◽  
Carolyn A. F. Enquist ◽  
Brian J. Enquist
Keyword(s):  
Interannual Variability ◽  
Resource Variability ◽  
Growth And Reproduction

scholarly journals Interannual Variability of Tropical Cyclones in the Australian Region: Role of Large-Scale Environment

2008 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 1083-1103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamish A. Ramsay ◽  
Lance M. Leslie ◽  
Peter J. Lamb ◽  
Michael B. Richman ◽  
Mark Leplastrier
Keyword(s):  
Interannual Variability ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Vertical Wind Shear ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Relative Vorticity ◽  
Vertical Shear ◽  
Scale Parameters ◽  
Australian Region ◽  
Sst Variability

Abstract This study investigates the role of large-scale environmental factors, notably sea surface temperature (SST), low-level relative vorticity, and deep-tropospheric vertical wind shear, in the interannual variability of November–April tropical cyclone (TC) activity in the Australian region. Extensive correlation analyses were carried out between TC frequency and intensity and the aforementioned large-scale parameters, using TC data for 1970–2006 from the official Australian TC dataset. Large correlations were found between the seasonal number of TCs and SST in the Niño-3.4 and Niño-4 regions. These correlations were greatest (−0.73) during August–October, immediately preceding the Australian TC season. The correlations remain almost unchanged for the July–September period and therefore can be viewed as potential seasonal predictors of the forthcoming TC season. In contrast, only weak correlations (<+0.37) were found with the local SST in the region north of Australia where many TCs originate; these were reduced almost to zero when the ENSO component of the SST was removed by partial correlation analysis. The annual frequency of TCs was found to be strongly correlated with 850-hPa relative vorticity and vertical shear of the zonal wind over the main genesis areas of the Australian region. Furthermore, correlations between the Niño SST and these two atmospheric parameters exhibited a strong link between the Australian region and the Niño-3.4 SST. A principal component analysis of the SST dataset revealed two main modes of Pacific Ocean SST variability that match very closely with the basinwide patterns of correlations between SST and TC frequencies. Finally, it is shown that the correlations can be increased markedly (e.g., from −0.73 to −0.80 for the August–October period) by a weighted combination of SST time series from weakly correlated regions.

scholarly journals The Role of Inferent Hormones on Gonad Maturity Index and Growth of Ambon Betok Fish (Chrysiptera cyanea)

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 160
Author(s):  
Melani Andi ◽  
Muhammad Irfan ◽  
Juharni Juharni
Keyword(s):  
Fish Farming ◽  
Maturity Index ◽  
Fish Reproduction ◽  
Gonad Maturity ◽  
Growth And Survival ◽  
Living Things ◽  
Reproduction Process ◽  
Growth And Reproduction

One type of marine ornamental fish that can be developed through cultivation is betok Ambon fish. Cultivation of this fish is quite profitable, and easy to maintain. To maintain the sustainability and sustainability of Betok Ambon fish farming, one way to take is to understand and know the growth and reproduction aspects of this type of fish through the provision of inferent hormones appropriately. Review article This aims to reveal the role of the inferent hormone on the aspects of reproduction and growth of Betok Ambon fish. Reproduction is the reproduction process in living things including Betok Ambon fish. The number of eggs produced by Betok Ambon fish varies between 900 and 3,500. Inferent hormone is one type of reproductive hormone that functions to spur and accelerate the level of gonad maturity in animals including fish. The determination of the inferent hormone dosage is based on the determination of the inferent dose in fish, generally around 10 mg - 80 mg or about 0.1 ml - 0.8 ml. Generally, fish that are given inferent hormone at a dose of 40-60 mg / l can increase the gonad maturity index by 25%, in betok Ambon fish by 30%. Inferent hormone doses around 20-40 mg can increase the growth and survival of ambon betok fish.

scholarly journals Recent changes of relative humidity: regional connection with land and ocean processes

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergio M. Vicente-Serrano ◽  
Raquel Nieto ◽  
Luis Gimeno ◽  
Cesar Azorin-Molina ◽  
Anita Drumond ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Interannual Variability ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Positive Trend ◽  
Source Regions ◽  
Strong Agreement

Abstract. We analyzed changes in surface relative humidity (RH) at the global scale from 1979 to 2014 using both observations and ERA-Interim dataset. We compared the variability and trends of RH with those of land evapotranspiration and ocean evaporation in moisture source areas across a range of selected regions worldwide. The sources of moisture for each particular region were identified by integrating different observational data and model outputs into a lagrangian approach. The aim was to account for the possible role of changes in air temperature over land, in comparison to sea surface temperature (SST), on RH variability. Results demonstrate a strong agreement between the interannual variability of RH and the interannual variability of precipitation and land evapotranspiration in regions with continentally-originated humidity. In contrast, albeit with the dominant positive trend of air temperature/SST ratio in the majority of the analyzed regions, the interannual variability of RH in the target regions did not show any significant correlation with this ratio over the source regions. Also, we did not find any significant association between the interannual variability of oceanic evaporation in the oceanic humidity source regions and RH in the target regions. Our findings stress the need for further investigation of the role of both dynamic and radiative factors in the evolution of RH over continental regions at different spatial scales.

Individual Growth and Reproduction

2019 ◽  
pp. 38-56
Author(s):  
Ken H. Andersen
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Growth Model ◽  
Life Histories ◽  
Maximum Size ◽  
Individual Growth ◽  
Energy Budgets ◽  
Asymptotic Size ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Growth And Reproduction

This chapter develops descriptions of how individuals grow and reproduce. More specifically, the chapter seeks to determine the growth and reproduction rates from the consumption rate, by developing an energy budget of the individual as a function of size. To that end, the chapter addresses the question of how an individual makes use of the energy acquired from consumption. It sets up the energy budgets of individuals by formulating the growth model using so-called life-history invariants, which are parameters that do not vary systematically between species. While the formulation of the growth model in terms of life-history invariants is largely successful, there is in particular one parameter that is not invariant between life histories: the asymptotic size (maximum size) of individuals in the population. This parameter plays the role of a master trait that characterizes most of the variation between life histories.

Thermoregulation, growth, and reproduction in Alaskan collared lemmings: role of short day and cold

1991 ◽  
Vol 261 (3) ◽  
pp. R522-R530 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. A. Maier ◽  
D. D. Feist
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Thermal Conductance ◽  
Reproductive Condition ◽  
Reproductive Morphology ◽  
Short Day ◽  
Long Day ◽  
Dicrostonyx Groenlandicus ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Growth And Reproduction

To assess factors controlling seasonal thermoregulatory and reproductive changes, collared lemmings (Dicrostonyx groenlandicus) were exposed for 16 wk to long day (LD, 22 h light: 2 h dark) and warm (15 +/- 3 degrees C), LD and cold (1 +/- 0.5 degrees C), short day (SD, 4 h light: 20 h dark) and warm, SD and cold or acclimatized to outdoor winter conditions (OUT). Hair length and color, body mass, and food intake were monitored weekly. Resting metabolic rates (RMR) and nonshivering thermogenesis (NST) were estimated several times by measuring oxygen consumption before and after norepinephrine injections. Body composition and reproductive condition were determined at the end of the experiment. SD and OUT groups had a 15.8% lower (P less than 0.01) RMR at 7 degrees C than the LD groups. Lower thermal conductance in SD and OUT animals appears due to molt to white winter pelage, which occurred by week 3 in SD but not in LD groups. Neither SD, cold, nor OUT altered NST or reproductive morphology. SD-exposed lemmings showed 19.2% greater growth than those in LD, resulting primarily from a 29.2 and 15.0% increase in lean and ash components, respectively. Cold exposure increased food intake by 34.7%. Results suggest that the pineal gland, which mediates SD effects, may influence molt and growth but not NST or reproductive morphology.

scholarly journals Genome analyses of a placozoan rickettsial endosymbiont show a combination of mutualistic and parasitic traits

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kai Kamm ◽  
Hans-Jürgen Osigus ◽  
Peter F. Stadler ◽  
Rob DeSalle ◽  
Bernd Schierwater
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Metabolic Pathways ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Intracellular Bacteria ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Symbiotic Relationships ◽  
Genome Analyses ◽  
Growth And Reproduction

AbstractSymbiotic relationships between eukaryotic hosts and bacteria range from parasitism to mutualism and may deeply influence both partners’ fitness. The presence of intracellular bacteria in the metazoan phylum Placozoa has been reported several times, but without any knowledge about the nature of this relationship and possible implications for the placozoan holobiont. This information may be of crucial significance since little is known about placozoan ecology and how different species adapt to different environmental conditions, despite being almost invariable at the morphological level. We here report on the novel genome of the rickettsial endosymbiont of Trichoplax sp. H2 (strain “Panama”). The combination of eliminated and retained metabolic pathways of the bacterium indicates a potential for a mutualistic as well as for a parasitic relationship, whose outcome could depend on the environmental context. In particular we show that the endosymbiont is dependent on the host for growth and reproduction and that the latter could benefit from a supply with essential amino acids and important cofactors. These findings call for further studies to clarify the actual benefit for the placozoan host and to investigate a possible role of the endosymbiont for ecological separation between placozoan species.

Role of steroids and triterpenoids in the growth and reproduction ofPhytophthora cactorum

Lipids ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 178-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. David Nes ◽  
Gary A. Saunders ◽  
Erich Heftmann
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Reproduction
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