Herbivory, growth rates, and habitat specialization in tropical tree lineages: implications for Amazonian beta-diversity

Ecology ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 93 (sp8) ◽  
pp. S195-S210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Greg P. A. Lamarre ◽  
Christopher Baraloto ◽  
Claire Fortunel ◽  
Nallarett Dávila ◽  
Italo Mesones ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rates ◽  
Beta Diversity ◽  
Tropical Tree ◽  
Habitat Specialization

scholarly journals Local-scale determinants of arboreal spider beta diversity in a temperate forest: roles of tree architecture, spatial distance, and dispersal capacity

PeerJ ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. e5596 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiongdao Zhang ◽  
Dong He ◽  
Hua Wu ◽  
Wei Shi ◽  
Cong Chen
Keyword(s):  
Beta Diversity ◽  
Environmental Gradient ◽  
Dispersal Limitation ◽  
Local Scale ◽  
Tree Architecture ◽  
Habitat Specialization ◽  
Spatial Distance ◽  
Species Variation ◽  
Dispersal Capacity ◽  
Canopy Volume

Spiders are a functionally important taxon in forest ecosystems, but the determinants of arboreal spider beta diversity are poorly understood at the local scale. We examined spider assemblages in 324 European beech (Fagus sylvatica) trees of varying sizes across three forest stands in Würzburg (Germany) to disentangle the roles of tree architecture, spatial distance, and dispersal capacity on spider turnover across individual trees. A large proportion of tree pairs (66%) showed higher compositional dissimilarity in spider assemblages than expected by chance, suggesting prominent roles of habitat specialization and/or dispersal limitation. Trees with higher dissimilarity in DBH and canopy volume, and to a lesser extent in foliage cover, supported more dissimilar spider assemblages, suggesting that tree architecture comprised a relevant environmental gradient of sorting spider species. Variation partitioning revealed that 28.4% of the variation in beta diversity was jointly explained by tree architecture, spatial distance (measured by principal coordinates of neighbor matrices) and dispersal capacity (quantified by ballooning propensity). Among these, dispersal capacity accounted for a comparable proportion as spatial distance did (6.8% vs. 5.9%). Beta diversity did not significantly differ between high- and low-vagility groups, but beta diversity in species with high vagility was more strongly determined by spatially structured environmental variation. Altogether, both niche specialization, along the environmental gradient defined by tree architecture, and dispersal limitation are responsible for structuring arboreal spider assemblages. High dispersal capacity of spiders appears to reinforce the role of niche-related processes.

scholarly journals Phylogenetic and functional alpha and beta diversity in temperate and tropical tree communities

Ecology ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 93 (sp8) ◽  
pp. S112-S125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathan G. Swenson ◽  
David L. Erickson ◽  
Xiangcheng Mi ◽  
Norman A. Bourg ◽  
Jimena Forero-Montaña ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Beta Diversity ◽  
Tropical Tree ◽  
Alpha And Beta Diversity ◽  
Tree Communities

scholarly journals Local-scale Partitioning of Functional and Phylogenetic Beta Diversity in a Tropical Tree Assemblage

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Yang ◽  
Nathan G. Swenson ◽  
Guocheng Zhang ◽  
Xiuqin Ci ◽  
Min Cao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Beta Diversity ◽  
Local Scale ◽  
Tropical Tree

scholarly journals Overlooked biodiversity loss in Amazonian smallholder agriculture

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacob B. Socolar ◽  
Elvis H. Valderrama Sandoval ◽  
David S. Wilcove
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Beta Diversity ◽  
Biodiversity Loss ◽  
Habitat Specialization ◽  
Primary Forest ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
Smallholder Agriculture ◽  
Case Scenario ◽  
Habitat Features ◽  
Bird Richness

ABSTRACTDiversified smallholder agriculture is the main human land-use affecting the western Amazon, home to the world’s richest terrestrial biota, but the scant available data to date have suggested that the biodiversity impacts of this land-use are small. Here, we present comprehensive surveys of birds and trees in primary forest and smallholder agricultural mosaics in northern Peru. These surveys reveal substantial biodiversity losses that have been overlooked by other studies. Avian biodiversity losses arise primarily from biotic homogenization across infrequently surveyed forest habitats (a loss of beta-diversity). Furthermore, tree species richness declines much more steeply than bird richness. Statistical modeling of local habitat features that allow forest-associated species to persist in the smallholder mosaic strongly suggests that our results represent a best-case scenario for Amazonian agricultural biodiversity. We conclude that previous assessments of the biodiversity value of Amazonian smallholder agriculture have been overly optimistic because they are restricted to upland habitat, thereby missing losses in beta diversity; do not evaluate trees; and/or rely on generalizations from less speciose areas of the Neotropics, where habitat specialization amongst species is less prevalent. Smallholder agriculture will likely expand in western Amazonia due to infrastructure development, and it must be seen as a serious threat to the region’s biodiversity.

scholarly journals A trait‐based trade‐off between growth and mortality: evidence from 15 tropical tree species using size‐specific relative growth rates

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (18) ◽  
pp. 3675-3688 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher D. Philipson ◽  
Daisy H. Dent ◽  
Michael J. O'Brien ◽  
Juliette Chamagne ◽  
Dzaeman Dzulkifli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rates ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Tropical Tree ◽  
Relative Growth ◽  
Trade Off ◽  
Relative Growth Rates ◽  
Tropical Tree Species

Tropical tree rings reveal preferential survival of fast-growing juveniles and increased juvenile growth rates over time

2009 ◽  
Vol 185 (3) ◽  
pp. 759-769 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danaë M. A. Rozendaal ◽  
Roel J. W. Brienen ◽  
Claudia C. Soliz-Gamboa ◽  
Pieter A. Zuidema
Keyword(s):  
Tree Rings ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Tropical Tree ◽  
Juvenile Growth ◽  
Fast Growing ◽  
Over Time

scholarly journals Seedling responses to salinity of 26 Neotropical tree species

AoB Plants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
A De Sedas ◽  
Y González ◽  
K Winter ◽  
O R Lopez
Keyword(s):  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Salinity Tolerance ◽  
Soil Salinity ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Coastal Areas ◽  
Tropical Tree ◽  
Growth Responses ◽  
Tropical Tree Species ◽  
Coastal Species

Abstract Sea-level rise will result in increased salinization of coastal areas. Soil salinity is a major abiotic stress that reduces plant growth, yet tolerance to salinity varies across environmental conditions, habitats and species. To determine salinity tolerance of 26 common tropical tree species from Panama, we measured growth, gas exchange and mortality of 3-month-old seedlings subjected to weekly irrigation treatments using five seawater solutions (0 % = control, 20, 40, 60 and 90 % V/V of seawater) for ~2 months. In general, species from coastal areas were more tolerant to increased seawater concentration than inland species. Coastal species such as Pithecellobium unguis-cati, Mora oleifera, Terminalia cattapa and Thespesia populnea maintained growth rates close to those of controls at 90 % seawater. In contrast, inland species such as Minquartia guainensis, Apeiba membranacea, Ormosia coccinea and Ochroma pyramidale showed strong reductions in growth rates and high mortality. Plant height and leaf production also differed greatly between the two groups of plants. Furthermore, measurements of gas exchange parameters, i.e. stomatal conductance and maximum photosynthetic rate, were consistent with the contrasting growth responses of coastal and inland species. Our research reveals a great degree of variation in salinity tolerance among tropical tree species and demonstrates a close relationship between species habitat and the ability to thrive under increasing salt concentration in the soil, with coastal species being better adapted to withstand increased soil salinity than non-costal species.

Reconstructing the invasion history of a spreading, non-native, tropical tree through a snapshot of current distribution, sizes, and growth rates

Plant Ecology ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 218 (6) ◽  
pp. 673-685 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kwek Yan Chong ◽  
Mark B. Raphael ◽  
L. Roman Carrasco ◽  
Alex T. K. Yee ◽  
Xingli Giam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Current Distribution ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Tropical Tree ◽  
Invasion History ◽  
History Of

scholarly journals Bird population trends are linearly affected by climate change along species thermal ranges

2010 ◽  
Vol 277 (1700) ◽  
pp. 3601-3608 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frédéric Jiguet ◽  
Vincent Devictor ◽  
Richard Ottvall ◽  
Chris Van Turnhout ◽  
Henk Van der Jeugd ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Species Range ◽  
Population Trends ◽  
Habitat Specialization ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Lower Growth ◽  
Bird Population ◽  
Thermal Range

Beyond the effects of temperature increase on local population trends and on species distribution shifts, how populations of a given species are affected by climate change along a species range is still unclear. We tested whether and how species responses to climate change are related to the populations locations within the species thermal range. We compared the average 20 year growth rates of 62 terrestrial breeding birds in three European countries along the latitudinal gradient of the species ranges. After controlling for factors already reported to affect bird population trends (habitat specialization, migration distance and body mass), we found that populations breeding close to the species thermal maximum have lower growth rates than those in other parts of the thermal range, while those breeding close to the species thermal minimum have higher growth rates. These results were maintained even after having controlled for the effect of latitude per se . Therefore, the results cannot solely be explained by latitudinal clines linked to the geographical structure in local spring warming. Indeed, we found that populations are not just responding to changes in temperature at the hottest and coolest parts of the species range, but that they show a linear graded response across their European thermal range. We thus provide insights into how populations respond to climate changes. We suggest that projections of future species distributions, and also management options and conservation assessments, cannot be based on the assumption of a uniform response to climate change across a species range or at range edges only.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document