Evidence for ecological matching of whole AM fungal communities to the local plant–soil environment

Ecology ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 91 (10) ◽  
pp. 3037-3046 ◽  
Author(s):  
Baoming Ji ◽  
Stephen P. Bentivenga ◽  
Brenda B. Casper
Keyword(s):  
Fungal Communities ◽  
Soil Environment ◽  
Plant Soil ◽  
Local Plant

scholarly journals The response of soil and phyllosphere microbial communities to repeated application of the fungicide iprodione: accelerated biodegradation or toxicity?

2020 ◽  
Vol 96 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
A Katsoula ◽  
S Vasileiadis ◽  
M Sapountzi ◽  
Dimitrios G Karpouzas
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Soil Microorganisms ◽  
Amplicon Sequencing ◽  
Fungal Communities ◽  
Similar Response ◽  
Repeated Application ◽  
Plant Leaves ◽  
Soil System ◽  
Plant Soil

ABSTRACT Pesticides interact with microorganisms in various ways with the outcome being negative or positive for the soil microbiota. Pesticides' effects on soil microorganisms have been studied extensively in soil but not in other pesticides-exposed microbial habitats like the phyllosphere. We tested the hypothesis that soil and phyllosphere support distinct microbial communities, but exhibit a similar response (accelerated biodegradation or toxicity) to repeated exposure to the fungicide iprodione. Pepper plants received four repeated foliage or soil applications of iprodione, which accelerated its degradation in soil (DT50_1st = 1.23 and DT50_4th = 0.48 days) and on plant leaves (DT50_1st > 365 and DT50_4th = 5.95 days). The composition of the epiphytic and soil bacterial and fungal communities, determined by amplicon sequencing, was significantly altered by iprodione. The archaeal epiphytic and soil communities responded differently; the former showed no response to iprodione. Three iprodione-degrading Paenarthrobacter strains were isolated from soil and phyllosphere. They hydrolyzed iprodione to 3,5-dichloraniline via the formation of 3,5-dichlorophenyl-carboxiamide and 3,5-dichlorophenylurea-acetate, a pathway shared by other soil-derived arthrobacters implying a phylogenetic specialization in iprodione biotransformation. Our results suggest that iprodione-repeated application could affect soil and epiphytic microbial communities with implications for the homeostasis of the plant–soil system and agricultural production.

scholarly journals Divergence in bidirectional plant-soil feedbacks between montane annual and coastal perennial ecotypes of yellow monkeyflower (Mimulus guttatus)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariah M. McIntosh ◽  
Lorinda Bullington ◽  
Ylva Lekberg ◽  
Lila Fishman
Keyword(s):  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Plant Performance ◽  
Fungal Communities ◽  
Mechanistic Study ◽  
List Type ◽  
Mimulus Guttatus ◽  
Plant Variation ◽  
Plant Soil ◽  
Soil Origin

SUMMARYUnderstanding the physiological and genetic mechanisms underlying plant variation in interactions with root-associated biota (RAB) requires a micro-evolutionary approach. We use locally adapted montane annual and coastal perennial ecotypes of Mimulus guttatus (yellow monkeyflower) to examine population-scale differences in plant-RAB-soil feedbacks.We characterized fungal communities for the two ecotypes in-situ and used a full-factorial greenhouse experiment to investigate the effects of plant ecotype, RAB source, and soil origin on plant performance and endophytic root fungal communities.The two ecotypes harbored different fungal communities and responsiveness to soil biota was highly context-dependent. Soil origin, RAB source, and plant ecotype all affected the intensity of biotic feedbacks on plant performance. Feedbacks were primarily negative, and we saw little evidence of local adaptation to either soils or RAB. Both RAB source and soil origin significantly shaped fungal communities in roots of experimental plants. Further, the perennial ecotype was more colonized by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) than the montane ecotype, and preferentially recruited home AMF taxa.Our results suggest life history divergence and distinct edaphic habitats shape plant responsiveness to RAB and influence specific associations with potentially mutualistic root endophytic fungi. Our results advance the mechanistic study of intraspecific variation in plant–soil–RAB interactions.

scholarly journals Removal of Soil Microbes Alters Interspecific Competitiveness of Epichloë Endophyte-Infected over Endophyte-Free Leymus chinensis

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 219
Author(s):  
Hui Liu ◽  
Jing Chen ◽  
Tianzi Qin ◽  
Xinjian Shi ◽  
Yubao Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Interspecific Competition ◽  
Competitive Ability ◽  
Soil Microbes ◽  
Leymus Chinensis ◽  
Competitive Advantages ◽  
Soil Environment ◽  
Plant Soil ◽  
Epichloë Endophytes ◽  
Colonization Rates ◽  
Epichloë Endophyte

Epichloë endophytes may not only affect the growth and resistances of host grasses, but may also affect soil environment including soil microbes. Can Epichloë endophyte-mediated modification of soil microbes affect the competitive ability of host grasses? In this study, we tested whether Epichloë endophytes and soil microbes alter intraspecific competition between Epichloë endophyte-colonized (EI) and endophyte-free (EF) Leymus chinensis and interspecific competition between L. chinensis and Stipa krylovii. The results demonstrated that Epichloë endophyte colonization significantly enhanced the intraspecific competitive ability of L. chinensis and that this beneficial effect was not affected by soil microbes. Under interspecific competition, however, significant interactions between Epichloë endophytes and soil microbes were observed. The effect of Epichloë endophytes on interspecific competitiveness of the host changed from positive to neutral with soil microbe removal. Here higher mycorrhizal colonization rates probably contributed to interspecific competitive advantages of EI over EF L. chinensis. Our result suggests that Epichloë endophytes can influence the competitive ability of the host through plant soil feedbacks from the currently competing plant species.

Fractionation of Cu, Zn and Fe within the plant–soil environment

2006 ◽  
Vol 70 (18) ◽  
pp. A97
Author(s):  
J.B. Chapman ◽  
K. Peel ◽  
T. Arnold ◽  
J.J. Wilkinson ◽  
B.J. Coles ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Environment ◽  
Plant Soil

scholarly journals Continuous Monoculture Shapes Root and Rhizosphere Fungal Communities of Corn and Soybean in Soybean Cyst Nematode-Infested Soil

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 300-314 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noah Strom ◽  
Weiming Hu ◽  
Senyu Chen ◽  
Kathryn Bushley
Keyword(s):  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Soybean Cyst Nematode ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Cyst Nematode ◽  
Fungal Communities ◽  
Corn Yield ◽  
Infested Soil ◽  
Plant Soil ◽  
Continuous Corn ◽  
Continuous Monoculture

The rhizosphere effect shapes microbial communities around and within plant roots and may lead to the enrichment of fungi involved in both positive and negative plant-soil feedbacks. We used internal transcribed spacer 1 amplicon sequencing to investigate how continuous monoculture affects the fungal communities in the corn and soybean rhizosphere, rhizoplane, and root endosphere in a long-term crop rotation experiment where soils were infested with a major soybean pathogen, the soybean cyst nematode (SCN, Heterodera glycines). Community-level statistical analyses showed evidence of selective filtering and enrichment of fungi in and around corn and soybean roots and in SCN cysts. Patterns of relatedness between fungal communities in various agroecosystem compartments suggested that SCN cysts are colonized by soybean root endophytic fungi and that colonization of roots and cysts may aid proliferation of these fungi in the bulk soil agroecosystem compartment over time. Natural antagonists of the SCN such as nematode-trapping fungi and nematode endoparasites increased in relative abundance in the rhizosphere and root endosphere, respectively, over continuous soybean monoculture. In contrast, arbuscular mycorrhizal and plant-pathogenic fungi, several of which were negatively correlated with corn yield, increased in relative abundance over continuous corn monoculture. These results suggest the possibility of positive plant-soil feedbacks involving nematophagous fungi over continuous soybean monoculture and negative plant-soil feedbacks involving plant pathogens and some nonbeneficial arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi over continuous corn monoculture.

scholarly journals Vegetation and Soil Environment Influence the Spatial Distribution of Root-Associated Fungi in a Mature Beech-Maple Forest

2009 ◽  
Vol 75 (24) ◽  
pp. 7639-7648 ◽  
Author(s):  
David J. Burke ◽  
Juan C. López-Gutiérrez ◽  
Kurt A. Smemo ◽  
Charlotte R. Chan
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Plant Distribution ◽  
Fungal Communities ◽  
Herbaceous Plant ◽  
Soil Environment ◽  
Root Tips ◽  
Mature Forest ◽  
Root Fungi

ABSTRACT Although the level of diversity of root-associated fungi can be quite high, the effect of plant distribution and soil environment on root-associated fungal communities at fine spatial scales has received little attention. Here, we examine how soil environment and plant distribution affect the occurrence, diversity, and community structure of root-associated fungi at local patch scales within a mature forest. We used terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism and sequence analysis to detect 63 fungal species representing 28 different genera colonizing tree root tips. At least 32 species matched previously identified mycorrhizal fungi, with the remaining fungi including both saprotrophic and parasitic species. Root fungal communities were significantly different between June and September, suggesting a rapid temporal change in root fungal communities. Plant distribution affected root fungal communities, with some root fungi positively correlated with tree diameter and herbaceous-plant coverage. Some aspects of the soil environment were correlated with root fungal community structure, with the abundance of some root fungi positively correlated with soil pH and moisture content in June and with soil phosphorous (P) in September. Fungal distribution and community structure may be governed by plant-soil interactions at fine spatial scales within a mature forest. Soil P may play a role in structuring root fungal communities at certain times of the year.

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