scholarly journals Specialization of trophic position and habitat use by sticklebacks in an adaptive radiation

Ecology ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 91 (4) ◽  
pp. 1025-1034 ◽  
Author(s):  
Blake Matthews ◽  
Kerry B. Marchinko ◽  
Daniel I. Bolnick ◽  
Asit Mazumder
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Use ◽  
Adaptive Radiation ◽  
Trophic Position

scholarly journals Adaptive Radiation along a Thermal Gradient: Preliminary Results of Habitat Use and Respiration Rate Divergence among Whitefish Morphs

PLoS ONE ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. e112085 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kimmo Kalevi Kahilainen ◽  
William Paul Patterson ◽  
Eloni Sonninen ◽  
Chris Harrod ◽  
Mikko Kiljunen
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Use ◽  
Respiration Rate ◽  
Adaptive Radiation ◽  
Thermal Gradient ◽  
Preliminary Results

scholarly journals Diurnal refuge sharing between species of Cuban snakes of the genus Tropidophis (Squamata: Tropidophiidae)

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-2
Author(s):  
Javier Torres ◽  
Tomás Rodríguez-Cabrera
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Use ◽  
Adaptive Radiation ◽  
Body Shape ◽  
Niche Overlap ◽  
High Diversity

Snakes of the genus Tropidophis Bibron, 1840 have undergone an adaptive radiation in Cuba, where 16 out of the 27 Antillean species occur (Hedges 2002). With this high diversity, coexistence of four species is somewhat common (Rodríguez et al. 2013). Coexistence has been hypothesized to be possible due to differences in habitat use based on body shape (Rodríguez-Cabrera et al. 2016). Even with potential segregating echanisms, it is reasonable to expect certain levels of niche overlap. Herein we report three instances of diurnal refuge shared between species of Tropidophis.

The trophic ecology of partial migration: insights from Merluccius australis off NW Patagonia

2020 ◽  
Vol 77 (5) ◽  
pp. 1927-1940
Author(s):  
Pamela Toledo ◽  
Edwin J Niklitschek ◽  
Audrey M Darnaude ◽  
Félix P Leiva ◽  
Chris Harrod ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Habitat Use ◽  
Diet Composition ◽  
Trophic Ecology ◽  
Trophic Position ◽  
Life Cycles ◽  
Partial Migration ◽  
Otolith Chemistry ◽  
Management Approaches ◽  
Isotope Analyses

Abstract Partial migration, where migrant and resident organisms coexist within the same population, has been found in many fishes. Although it seems obvious that different life cycles exploit habitats and food webs differently, few assessments about the trophic consequences of partial migration are available. To unveil part of this complexity, we combined otolith chemistry with stable isotope analyses data for hind-casting Merluccius australis habitat use and diet composition at age. By providing detailed information about lifetime variability in diet, trophic position, and prey demand of four M. australis life-cycle types, we show that these groups feed differentially in estuarine and oceanic habitats throughout their ontogeny. Although trophic positions were similar between habitats for juvenile and subadults, substantial differences between life-cycle types were found regarding lifetime diet and trophic demand. Thus, the more abundant and heavily exploited oceanic stock of M. australis was heavily dependent of estuarine habitats within the Patagonian Fjords System, where it consumes large biomasses of Macruronus magellanicus, Pasiphaea, Sprattus fuegensis, and Euphausiidae at earlier stages. We show ignoring trophic consequences of partial migration and life-cycle diversity may produce highly biased results, both in terms of prey and habitat use, which appears critical for multispecies and ecosystem management approaches.

Trophic ecology and foraging areas of cetaceans sampled in the coastal waters of south-eastern Brazil assessed through skin δ13C and δ15N

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Victor Uber Paschoalini ◽  
Genyffer Cibele Troina ◽  
Laura Busin Campos ◽  
Marcos César de Oliveira Santos
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Use ◽  
Coastal Waters ◽  
Trophic Ecology ◽  
Trophic Position ◽  
Trophic Levels ◽  
Eastern Coast ◽  
Cetacean Species ◽  
Δ13c And Δ15n ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Eastern Brazil

Abstract We investigated the habitat use and feeding ecology of 10 cetacean species encountered along the south-eastern coast of Brazil (24–26°S) using carbon (δ13C) and nitrogen (δ15N) stable isotopes. Hierarchical cluster analysis distinguished two main groups based on their isotopic patterns. One group included migratory baleen whales (Megaptera novaeangliae and Eubalaena australis) with the lowest δ13C and δ15N values, reflecting baseline isotopic values of their Subantarctic feeding grounds and consumption of lower trophic level prey. Resident species and those occasionally occurring in Brazilian coastal waters highly differed from the migratory whales in their isotopic values. In this group, Tursiops truncatus had the highest δ13C and δ15N values, indicating coastal habits and relatively higher trophic position. Similar δ13C values were observed in Sotalia guianensis, Pontoporia blainvillei, Orcinus orca and Steno bredanensis. However, the former two species had lower δ15N values than the latter two, indicating different trophic positions. The relatively lower δ13C values observed in Stenella frontalis suggest greater influence of pelagic prey in their diet. Furthermore, the lower δ13C values observed in Delphinus delphis and Balaenoptera edeni were associated with upwelling events that occur along the region, affecting the isotopic values of their main prey. Juvenile M. novaeangliae had higher δ13C and δ15N than the adults, which may indicate feeding in areas with different isoscapes and consumption of pelagic schooling fish with relatively higher trophic levels than krill. This study provides preliminary information that are useful to understand the habitat use and coexistence of cetacean species occurring in south-eastern Brazil.

scholarly journals Effect of body length, trophic position and habitat use on mercury concentrations of sharks from contrasted ecosystems in the southwestern Indian Ocean

2019 ◽  
Vol 169 ◽  
pp. 387-395 ◽  
Author(s):  
Baptiste Le Bourg ◽  
Jeremy J. Kiszka ◽  
Paco Bustamante ◽  
Michael R. Heithaus ◽  
Sébastien Jaquemet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Habitat Use ◽  
Body Length ◽  
Trophic Position ◽  
Southwestern Indian Ocean

Does morphology predict trophic position and habitat use of ant species and assemblages?

Oecologia ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 177 (2) ◽  
pp. 519-531 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Gibb ◽  
J. Stoklosa ◽  
D. I. Warton ◽  
A. M. Brown ◽  
N. R. Andrew ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Use ◽  
Trophic Position

Stable isotope profiles of large marine predators: viable indicators of trophic position, diet, and movement in sharks?

2011 ◽  
Vol 68 (12) ◽  
pp. 2029-2045 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nigel E. Hussey ◽  
Sheldon F.J. Dudley ◽  
Ian D. McCarthy ◽  
Geremy Cliff ◽  
Aaron T. Fisk
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Use ◽  
Community Dynamics ◽  
Trophic Position ◽  
Stomach Contents ◽  
Marine Predators ◽  
Scalloped Hammerhead ◽  
Carcharhinus Obscurus ◽  
Marine System ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Gender Specific

Understanding the role of predators is challenging but critical for ecosystem management. For community dynamics, predator-specific size-based variation in diet, trophic position, and habitat use are rarely accounted for. Using two applied tools (stable isotopes and stomach content data), we examined inter- and intra-species ontogenetic variability in diet (stomach contents), trophic position (TPSIA for δ15N and TPSCA for stomach contents), and habitat use (δ13C) of two large sharks, the scalloped hammerhead ( Sphyrna lewini ) and the dusky ( Carcharhinus obscurus ). Stomach contents identified size-based and gender-specific shifts in diet indicating resource partitioning for and between species. Calculated TP for the two sharks varied by method, either TPSIA or TPSCA and with species, size, and gender, but were complicated by differing baselines and broad functional prey groups, respectively. TP increased with size for S. lewini, but was low in large C. obscurus compared with small sharks. Size-based δ13C profiles indicated habitat partitioning by sex in S. lewini and a movement to shelf edge foraging in large C. obscurus. These results demonstrate that predators exert proportional size-based effects on multiple components of the marine system that are further complicated by species- and gender-specific strategies.

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