Legacies of historical land use on regional forest composition and structure in Wisconsin, USA (mid-1800s–1930s–2000s)

2009 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 1061-1078 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeanine M. Rhemtulla ◽  
David J. Mladenoff ◽  
Murray K. Clayton
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Forest Composition ◽  
Composition And Structure ◽  
Historical Land Use ◽  
Regional Forest

Historical human influence on forest composition and structure in boreal Fennoscandia

2010 ◽  
Vol 40 (5) ◽  
pp. 872-884 ◽  
Author(s):  
Torbjörn Josefsson ◽  
Björn Gunnarson ◽  
Lars Liedgren ◽  
Ingela Bergman ◽  
Lars Östlund
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Reference Conditions ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Forest Composition ◽  
Tree Species Composition ◽  
Human Land Use ◽  
Composition And Structure ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Natural Dynamics

In studies on natural dynamics, biodiversity and reference conditions legacies of preindustrial human land use are often neglected. In this study, using archaeology and dendrochronology combined with field surveys on present forest characteristics, we assessed the naturalness of a protected forest landscape and examined the role of indigenous peoples in shaping forest structure in the past. Our results show that the studied Scots pine ( Pinus sylvestris L.) forest conforms to the generally accepted impression of pristine forests and that it has a long history of human utilization. Areas with human presence over long time periods, especially in and near settlements, show significant differences in current forest characteristics compared with the rest of the landscape: the forest is younger (mean age 140–190 years compared with >300 years), the volumes of deadwood lower (8–13 m3·ha–1 compared with >20 m3·ha–1), and the tree species composition is substantially different from the surrounding forest. We suggest that these disparities are strongly linked to past land use and that indigenous people can alter ecosystems substantially and that the legacies of their activity may last for centuries. Consequently, in ecological research and conservation strategies, forest characteristics should always be considered in the light of their historical context.

scholarly journals Origins of the Chicago Urban Forest: Composition and Structure in Relation to Presettlement Vegetation and Modern Land Use

2012 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
pp. 181-193
Author(s):  
Robert Fahey ◽  
Marlin Bowles ◽  
Jeanette McBride
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Forest Canopy ◽  
Urban Forest ◽  
Canopy Structure ◽  
Metropolitan Region ◽  
Forest Composition ◽  
Presettlement Vegetation ◽  
Composition And Structure ◽  
Exotic Pests

Urban forests provide important ecosystem services, but species composition and canopy structure influence provisioning of these services and long-term stability of the urban canopy. Two landscape-scale data sets (presettlement land surveys and an urban tree census) were used to explore relationships among modern land use, presettlement vegetation, and urban forest canopy structure, size structure, and composition in the Chicago, Illinois, U.S., metropolitan region. Presettlement vegetation and modern land use combined to influence urban forest composition and structure. Modern forested areas with high native species dominance, canopy cover, and structural complexity were associated with forest (rather than prairie) vegetation in the presettlement landscape. Oaks (Quercus spp.), which dominated presettlement forests and provide high ecosystem service value because of their large stature and wildlife value, were strongly associated with presettlement forest areas and modern natural areas. The Chicago region is in a transitional state where composition and structure of larger size classes is heavily tied to pre-urban vegetation. In the future, this landscape is likely to experience a shift in dominance from oaks to smaller-statured, shorter-lived non-native and opportunistic species. This shift, along with climatic change and introduction of exotic pests, may result in an urban forest with reduced potential to provide important ecosystem services.

scholarly journals Forest plant and macrofungal differences in the Greater and Lesser Khingan Mountains in Northeast China: A regional-historical comparison and its implications

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuanyuan Wang ◽  
Hui Wen ◽  
Kai Wang ◽  
Jingxue Sun ◽  
Jinghua Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Northeast China ◽  
Dominant Species ◽  
Local Economy ◽  
Forest Composition ◽  
Historical Records ◽  
Historical Comparison ◽  
Composition And Structure ◽  
Total State ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Forest Plants

AbstractForests in Northeast China in the Greater and Lesser Khingan Mountains (GKM and LKM) account for nearly 1/3 of the total state-owned forests in the country. Regional and historical comparisons of forest plants and macrofungi will favor biological conservation, forest management and economic development. A total of 1067 sampling plots were surveyed on forest composition and structure, with a macrofungi survey at Liangshui and Huzhong Nature Reserves in the center of two regions. Regional and historical differences of these parameters were analyzed with a redundancy ordination of their complex associations. There were 61–76 families, 189–196 genera, and 369–384 species, which was only 1/3 of the historical records. The same dominant species were larch and birch with Korean pine (a climax species) less as expected from past surveys in the LKM. Shrub and herb species were different in the two regions, as expected from historical records. There was 10–50% lower species diversity (except for herb evenness), but 1.8- to 4-time higher macrofungi diversity in the GKM. Compared with the LKM, both tree heights and macrofungi density were higher. Nevertheless, current heights averaging 10 m are half of historical records (> 20 m in the 1960s). Edible macrofungi were the highest proportion in both regions, about twice that of other fungal groups, having important roles in the local economy. A major factor explaining plant diversity variations in both regions was herb cover, followed by shrubs in the GKM and herb-dominant species in the LKM. Factors responsible for macrofungi variations were tree density and shrub height. Vaccinium vitis-idaea and Larix gmelinii in the GKM but tree size and diversity were important factors in the LKM. Our findings highlighted large spatial and historical differences between the GKM and LKM in plant-macrofungal composition, forest structure, and their complex associations, which will favor precise conservation and management of forest resources in two region in the future.

Historical land use pattern affects the chemistry of forest soils in the Ethiopian highlands

Geoderma ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 118 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 149-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zewdu Eshetu ◽  
Reiner Giesler ◽  
Peter Högberg
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Forest Soils ◽  
Land Use Pattern ◽  
Ethiopian Highlands ◽  
Historical Land Use ◽  
Use Pattern

scholarly journals Industrial atmospheric pollution, historical land use patterns and mortality

1996 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Sainsbury ◽  
R. Hussey ◽  
J. Ashton ◽  
B. Andrews
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Atmospheric Pollution ◽  
Land Use Patterns ◽  
Use Patterns ◽  
Historical Land Use

Historical land use evolution in a tropical acid upland agroecosystem

1995 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dennis P. Garrity ◽  
Patricio C. Agustin
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Historical Land Use

scholarly journals Linkages between aboveground and belowground community compositions in grasslands along a historical land-use intensity gradient

2018 ◽  
Vol 434 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 289-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
Safaa Wasof ◽  
An De Schrijver ◽  
Stephanie Schelfhout ◽  
Michael P. Perring ◽  
Elyn Remy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Use Intensity ◽  
Intensity Gradient ◽  
Historical Land Use ◽  
Land Use Intensity Gradient

Root colonizing and soil borne communities of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi differ among soybean fields with contrasting historical land use

2019 ◽  
Vol 269 ◽  
pp. 174-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valeria Soledad Faggioli ◽  
Marta Noemí Cabello ◽  
Gabriel Grilli ◽  
Martti Vasar ◽  
Fernanda Covacevich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Historical Land Use

scholarly journals Historical Land Use/Cover Changes and the Hemeroby Levels of a Bio-Cultural Landscape: Past, Present and Future

2017 ◽  
Vol 09 (05) ◽  
pp. 576-590 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela Terumi Fushita ◽  
José Eduardo dos Santos ◽  
Yuri Tavares Rocha ◽  
Elisabete Maria Zanin
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Cultural Landscape ◽  
Historical Land Use

scholarly journals The Impacts of Land Use and Forest Activities on Tree Species Composition and Structure on the Edges of Budongo Forest Reserve, Uganda

2010 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacob Godfrey Agea ◽  
Clement Akais Okia ◽  
Refaat Atalla Ahmed Abohassan ◽  
James Munga Kimondo ◽  
Susan B. Tumwebaze ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Species Composition ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Forest Reserve ◽  
Tree Species Composition ◽  
Budongo Forest Reserve ◽  
Composition And Structure ◽  
Budongo Forest ◽  
Species Composition And Structure ◽  
Forest Activities
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