scholarly journals The changing landscape: ecosystem responses to urbanization and pollution across climatic and societal gradients

2008 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 264-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy B Grimm ◽  
David Foster ◽  
Peter Groffman ◽  
J Morgan Grove ◽  
Charles S Hopkinson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Responses

scholarly journals Predicting ecosystem responses by data‐driven reciprocal modelling

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florian Schneider ◽  
Christopher Poeplau ◽  
Axel Don
Keyword(s):  
Data Driven ◽  
Ecosystem Responses

scholarly journals Ecosystem responses to the eradication of common carp Cyprinus carpio using rotenone from a reservoir in South Africa

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (12) ◽  
pp. 2284-2297
Author(s):  
Tatenda Dalu ◽  
Terence A. Bellingan ◽  
Jeanne Gouws ◽  
N. Dean Impson ◽  
Martine S. Jordaan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Common Carp ◽  
Cyprinus Carpio ◽  
Ecosystem Responses ◽  
Common Carp Cyprinus Carpio ◽  
Carp Cyprinus Carpio

Ecosystem responses to increased precipitation and permafrost decay in subarctic Sweden inferred from peat and lake sediments

2009 ◽  
Vol 15 (7) ◽  
pp. 1652-1663 ◽  
Author(s):  
U. KOKFELT ◽  
P. ROSÉN ◽  
K. SCHONING ◽  
T. R. CHRISTENSEN ◽  
J. FÖRSTER ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lake Sediments ◽  
Ecosystem Responses ◽  
Subarctic Sweden

Ecosystem responses to climate change in a large on-river reservoir, Lake Paldang, Korea

2013 ◽  
Vol 120 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 477-489 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hae-Kyung Park ◽  
Kang-Hyun Cho ◽  
Doo Hee Won ◽  
Jangho Lee ◽  
Dong-Soo Kong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Ecosystem Responses ◽  
River Reservoir

scholarly journals Carbon budget estimation of a subarctic catchment using a dynamic ecosystem model at high spatial resolution

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 2791-2808 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Tang ◽  
P. A. Miller ◽  
A. Persson ◽  
D. Olefeldt ◽  
P. Pilesjö ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Resolution ◽  
Carbon Budget ◽  
High Spatial Resolution ◽  
Carbon Sink ◽  
Carbon Fluxes ◽  
Ecosystem Model ◽  
Carbon Exchange ◽  
Arctic Ecosystems ◽  
Flux Dynamics ◽  
Ecosystem Responses

Abstract. A large amount of organic carbon is stored in high-latitude soils. A substantial proportion of this carbon stock is vulnerable and may decompose rapidly due to temperature increases that are already greater than the global average. It is therefore crucial to quantify and understand carbon exchange between the atmosphere and subarctic/arctic ecosystems. In this paper, we combine an Arctic-enabled version of the process-based dynamic ecosystem model, LPJ-GUESS (version LPJG-WHyMe-TFM) with comprehensive observations of terrestrial and aquatic carbon fluxes to simulate long-term carbon exchange in a subarctic catchment at 50 m resolution. Integrating the observed carbon fluxes from aquatic systems with the modeled terrestrial carbon fluxes across the whole catchment, we estimate that the area is a carbon sink at present and will become an even stronger carbon sink by 2080, which is mainly a result of a projected densification of birch forest and its encroachment into tundra heath. However, the magnitudes of the modeled sinks are very dependent on future atmospheric CO2 concentrations. Furthermore, comparisons of global warming potentials between two simulations with and without CO2 increase since 1960 reveal that the increased methane emission from the peatland could double the warming effects of the whole catchment by 2080 in the absence of CO2 fertilization of the vegetation. This is the first process-based model study of the temporal evolution of a catchment-level carbon budget at high spatial resolution, including both terrestrial and aquatic carbon. Though this study also highlights some limitations in modeling subarctic ecosystem responses to climate change, such as aquatic system flux dynamics, nutrient limitation, herbivory and other disturbances, and peatland expansion, our study provides one process-based approach to resolve the complexity of carbon cycling in subarctic ecosystems while simultaneously pointing out the key model developments for capturing complex subarctic processes.

PERSISTENCE OF CHANGES IN SELECTED SOIL CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES AFTER PIPELINE INSTALLATION IN SOLONETZIC NATIVE RANGELAND

1987 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 747-763 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. NAETH ◽  
A. W. BAILEY ◽  
W. B. McGILL
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Chemical Changes ◽  
Ecosystem Responses ◽  
Native Prairie ◽  
Natural Gas Pipelines ◽  
Mixed Prairie

A study was conducted in Solonetzic mixed prairie of southern Alberta to evaluate and determine the longevity of selected ecosystem responses to pipeline installation. Five adjacent natural gas pipelines on a series of rights-of-way (ROW) were studied at three sites. The lines, which were installed in 1957, 1963, 1968, 1972 and 1981, had diameters of 86, 86, 91, 107 and 107 cm, respectively. Soils were analyzed for particle size distribution, bulk density, pH, electrical conductivity, ion composition, and organic matter content. It was concluded that pipeline construction in Solonetzic mixed prairie range-land initially tended to improve surface soil chemical and physical properties compared to blowouts, but reduced soil quality in vegetated native prairie. Surface bulk density increased to 1.3–1.6 Mg m−3 from an undisturbed density of 0.9–1.0 Mg m−3. Increased densities were evident to 55 cm in all 1981 transects except the trench where subsurface densities were reduced. Chemical changes were associated with reduced organic matter and increased salts at the surface. On the basis of differences between the various ages of pipelines (1981, youngest; 1957, oldest) there was evidence for greater amelioration of chemical changes than of physical disturbances over time. The time needed to restore half the lost organic matter was estimated to be approximately 50 y. Key words: Pipeline, Solonetzic soil, rangeland (native), soil chemistry, bulk density, reclamation

scholarly journals Ecosystem responses to elevated CO<sub>2</sub> using airborne remote sensing at Mammoth Mountain, California

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (24) ◽  
pp. 7403-7418 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kerry Cawse-Nicholson ◽  
Joshua B. Fisher ◽  
Caroline A. Famiglietti ◽  
Amy Braverman ◽  
Florian M. Schwandner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Elevated Co2 ◽  
Co2 Flux ◽  
Ecosystem Structure ◽  
Soil Co2 ◽  
Ecosystem Responses ◽  
Mammoth Mountain ◽  
And Function ◽  
Canopy Nitrogen

Abstract. We present an exploratory study examining the use of airborne remote-sensing observations to detect ecological responses to elevated CO2 emissions from active volcanic systems. To evaluate these ecosystem responses, existing spectroscopic, thermal, and lidar data acquired over forest ecosystems on Mammoth Mountain volcano, California, were exploited, along with in situ measurements of persistent volcanic soil CO2 fluxes. The elevated CO2 response was used to statistically model ecosystem structure, composition, and function, evaluated via data products including biomass, plant foliar traits and vegetation indices, and evapotranspiration (ET). Using regression ensemble models, we found that soil CO2 flux was a significant predictor for ecological variables, including canopy greenness (normalized vegetation difference index, NDVI), canopy nitrogen, ET, and biomass. With increasing CO2, we found a decrease in ET and an increase in canopy nitrogen, both consistent with theory, suggesting more water- and nutrient-use-efficient canopies. However, we also observed a decrease in NDVI with increasing CO2 (a mean NDVI of 0.27 at 200 g m−2 d−1 CO2 reduced to a mean NDVI of 0.10 at 800 g m−2 d−1 CO2). This is inconsistent with theory though consistent with increased efficiency of fewer leaves. We found a decrease in above-ground biomass with increasing CO2, also inconsistent with theory, but we did also find a decrease in biomass variance, pointing to a long-term homogenization of structure with elevated CO2. Additionally, the relationships between ecological variables changed with elevated CO2, suggesting a shift in coupling/decoupling among ecosystem structure, composition, and function synergies. For example, ET and biomass were significantly correlated for areas without elevated CO2 flux but decoupled with elevated CO2 flux. This study demonstrates that (a) volcanic systems show great potential as a means to study the properties of ecosystems and their responses to elevated CO2 emissions and (b) these ecosystem responses are measurable using a suite of airborne remotely sensed data.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document