Effects of parental age and food availability on the reproductive success of Heermann's Gulls in the Gulf of California

Ecology ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 90 (4) ◽  
pp. 1084-1094 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leticia Vieyra ◽  
Enriqueta Velarde ◽  
Exequiel Ezcurra
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Success ◽  
Food Availability ◽  
Gulf Of California ◽  
Parental Age

scholarly journals Transgenerational interactions involving parental age and immune status affect female reproductive success in Drosophila melanogaster

2014 ◽  
Vol 281 (1794) ◽  
pp. 20141242 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Nystrand ◽  
D. K. Dowling
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Reproductive Success ◽  
Immune Status ◽  
Phenotypic Expression ◽  
Paternal Age ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Parental Effects ◽  
Parental Age ◽  
Immune Priming ◽  
Parental Phenotype

It is well established that the parental phenotype can influence offspring phenotypic expression, independent of the effects of the offspring's own genotype. Nonetheless, the evolutionary implications of such parental effects remain unclear, partly because previous studies have generally overlooked the potential for interactions between parental sources of non-genetic variance to influence patterns of offspring phenotypic expression. We tested for such interactions, subjecting male and female Drosophila melanogaster of two different age classes to an immune activation challenge or a control treatment. Flies were then crossed in all age and immune status combinations, and the reproductive success of their immune- and control-treated daughters measured. We found that daughters produced by two younger parents exhibited reduced reproductive success relative to those of other parental age combinations. Furthermore, immune-challenged daughters exhibited higher reproductive success when produced by immune-challenged relative to control-treated mothers, a pattern consistent with transgenerational immune priming. Finally, a complex interplay between paternal age and parental immune statuses influenced daughter's reproductive success. These findings demonstrate the dynamic nature of age- and immune-mediated parental effects, traceable to both parents, and regulated by interactions between parents and between parents and offspring.

Low reproductive success of great tits in the preferred habitat: A role of food availability

Ecoscience ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marko Mägi ◽  
Raivo Mänd ◽  
Heleri Tamm ◽  
Elo Sisask ◽  
Priit Kilgas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Success ◽  
Food Availability ◽  
Preferred Habitat

Food availability at birth limited reproductive success in historical humans

Ecology ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 91 (12) ◽  
pp. 3515-3525 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian J. Rickard ◽  
Jari Holopainen ◽  
Samuli Helama ◽  
Samuli Helle ◽  
Andrew F. Russell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Success ◽  
Food Availability

The influence of age on reproductive success and diet in Australasian gannets (Morus serrator) breeding at Pope's Eye, Port Phillip Bay, Victoria

2007 ◽  
Vol 55 (5) ◽  
pp. 267 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. M. Pyk ◽  
A. Bunce ◽  
F. I. Norman
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Success ◽  
Food Availability ◽  
Fish Species ◽  
Breeding Success ◽  
Breeding Period ◽  
Chick Growth ◽  
Jack Mackerel ◽  
Commercial Fish ◽  
Red Mullet ◽  
Morus Serrator

The influence of age on reproductive success and diet was examined in ‘old’ (experienced; 12 years and older) and ‘young’ (5–8 years of age) Australasian gannets (Morus serrator) breeding at Pope’s Eye, Port Phillip Bay, Victoria during the 2002–2003 breeding period. Although food availability, as indicated by commercial fish catches, throughout this breeding period was low, there were no significant differences in breeding success or chick growth between groups. Nevertheless, old birds tended to have higher reproductive success, replacing more lost eggs and fledging chicks of a greater mass. However, old birds also laid more eggs that failed to hatch. Five fish species, including jack mackerel (Trachurus declivis), barracouta (Thyrsites atun), redbait (Emmelichthys nitidus), anchovy (Engraulis australis) and red mullet (Upeneichthys vlamingii), were important in the gannet diet during this breeding period. There were no significant differences in dietary parameters, including range of species and size of prey, between old and young gannets, nor were there any differences between those of the chicks and their parents, suggesting that adults do not forage selectively for their chicks. This study showed that even during a period of presumed low food availability, when experienced (older) birds might be expected to have enhanced success, the differences between these and less experienced (younger) birds may not be apparent.

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