TEMPORAL CHANGES IN VERTEBRATES DURING LANDSCAPE TRANSFORMATION: A LARGE-SCALE “NATURAL EXPERIMENT”

2008 ◽  
Vol 78 (4) ◽  
pp. 567-590 ◽  
Author(s):  
David B. Lindenmayer ◽  
Ross B. Cunningham ◽  
Christopher MacGregor ◽  
Mason Crane ◽  
Damian Michael ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Natural Experiment ◽  
Temporal Changes ◽  
Landscape Transformation

Inter-Ethnic Dynamics in the Wake of Terrorist Attacks: Evidence from the 2015 Baga Massacre

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandro Belmonte
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Natural Experiment ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
The State ◽  
Terrorist Attacks ◽  
Boko Haram ◽  
Far North ◽  
North East

AbstractThis paper investigates the consequences for inter-group conflicts of terrorist attacks. I study the 2015 Baga massacre, a large scale attack conducted by Boko Haram at the far North-East state of Borno, Nigeria, as a quasi-natural experiment and examine a set of attitudes in the aftermath of the event of Christians and Muslims throughout the country. Comparing individuals, outside the region of Borno, interviewed by Afrobarometer immediately after the massacre and those interviewed the days before within same regions and holding fixed a number of individual characteristics, I document that the informational exposure to the event rendered Christians less amiable to neighboring Muslims and Muslims less likely to recognize the legitimacy of the state. Nonetheless, Muslims increased their view of the elections as a device to remove leaders in office, event that took place 2 months later with the election of the challenger, Muhammadu Buhari. My findings indicate that terrorist attacks may generate a relevant and heterogeneous backlash across ethnic groups.

scholarly journals The same or different psychiatrists for in- and out-patient treatment? A multi-country natural experiment

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Giacco ◽  
V.J. Bird ◽  
T. Ahmad ◽  
M. Bauer ◽  
A. Lasalvia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Natural Experiment ◽  
Mental Healthcare ◽  
Routine Care ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Patient Treatment ◽  
Substantial Impact ◽  
Clinical Criteria ◽  
Somatisation Disorder ◽  
Secondary Outcomes

Abstract Aims A core question in the debate about how to organise mental healthcare is whether in- and out-patient treatment should be provided by the same (personal continuity) or different psychiatrists (specialisation). The controversial debate drives costly organisational changes in several European countries, which have gone in opposing directions. The existing evidence is based on small and low-quality studies which tend to favour whatever the new experimental organisation is. We compared 1-year clinical outcomes of personal continuity and specialisation in routine care in a large scale study across five European countries. Methods This is a 1-year prospective natural experiment conducted in Belgium, England, Germany, Italy and Poland. In all these countries, both personal continuity and specialisation exist in routine care. Eligible patients were admitted for psychiatric in-patient treatment (18 years of age), and clinically diagnosed with a psychotic, mood or anxiety/somatisation disorder. Outcomes were assessed 1 year after the index admission. The primary outcome was re-hospitalisation and analysed for the full sample and subgroups defined by country, and different socio-demographic and clinical criteria. Secondary outcomes were total number of inpatient days, involuntary re-admissions, adverse events and patients’ social situation. Outcomes were compared through mixed regression models in intention-to-treat analyses. The study is registered (ISRCTN40256812). Results We consecutively recruited 7302 patients; 6369 (87.2%) were followed-up. No statistically significant differences were found in re-hospitalisation, neither overall (adjusted percentages: 38.9% in personal continuity, 37.1% in specialisation; odds ratio = 1.08; confidence interval 0.94–1.25; p = 0.28) nor for any of the considered subgroups. There were no significant differences in any of the secondary outcomes. Conclusions Whether the same or different psychiatrists provide in- and out-patient treatment appears to have no substantial impact on patient outcomes over a 1-year period. Initiatives to improve long-term outcomes of psychiatric patients may focus on aspects other than the organisation of personal continuity v. specialisation.

scholarly journals Marsupial response to matrix conversion: Results of a large-scale long-term ‘natural experiment’ in Australia

2015 ◽  
Vol 191 ◽  
pp. 60-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessio Mortelliti ◽  
Mason Crane ◽  
Sachiko Okada ◽  
David B. Lindenmayer
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Natural Experiment ◽  
Matrix Conversion

scholarly journals Bird-community responses to habitat creation in a long-term, large-scale natural experiment

2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 345-354 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robin C. Whytock ◽  
Elisa Fuentes-Montemayor ◽  
Kevin Watts ◽  
Patanjaly Barbosa De Andrade ◽  
Rory T. Whytock ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Natural Experiment ◽  
Bird Community ◽  
Community Responses ◽  
Habitat Creation

scholarly journals The mass release of migrants from UK immigration detention during the COVID-19 pandemic: what can be learned?

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Lauren Z. Waterman ◽  
Mishka Pillay ◽  
Cornelius Katona
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Inequalities ◽  
Continuity Of Care ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Natural Experiment ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Immigration Detention ◽  
Immigration Control ◽  
International Evidence ◽  
Mass Release

Summary Convincing international evidence demonstrates that immigration detention adversely affects mental health. During the COVID-19 outbreak, additional concerns were raised about the safety and appropriateness of immigration detention. Consequently, several hundred migrants were released en masse from UK immigration detention centres, and few new detentions took place. Over 70% fewer migrants were held in detention centres in June 2020 compared with December 2019. This large ‘natural experiment’ has demonstrated that detaining fewer migrants is possible and it provides an opportunity to review the necessity for large-scale detention for the purpose of immigration control, as well as its impact on health inequalities. Additionally, given that detainee release arrangements had already been considered unsafe prior to the pandemic, clinicians and service providers should take into consideration that many of those released may not be receiving adequate post-release continuity of care.

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