FITNESS RELATED DIET-MIXING BY INTRASPECIFIC HOST-PLANT-SWITCHING OF SPECIALIST INSECT HERBIVORES

Ecology ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 88 (4) ◽  
pp. 1012-1020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karsten Mody ◽  
Sybille B. Unsicker ◽  
K. Eduard Linsenmair
Keyword(s):  
Host Plant ◽  
Insect Herbivores ◽  
Diet Mixing ◽  
Specialist Insect

scholarly journals Tri-trophic level interactions affect host plant development and abundance of insect herbivores

2011 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 351-357 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frederico de Siqueira Neves ◽  
Marcílio Fagundes ◽  
Carlos Frankl Sperber ◽  
G. Wilson Fernandes
Keyword(s):  
Host Plant ◽  
Trophic Level ◽  
Plant Development ◽  
Insect Herbivores

Interaction between bracken and its insect herbivores

1985 ◽  
Vol 86 ◽  
pp. 125-131
Author(s):  
J. H. Lawton ◽  
M. MacGarvin
Keyword(s):  
Host Plant ◽  
Natural Enemies ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Insect Species ◽  
Insect Herbivores ◽  
The World ◽  
Below Ground ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Typical Site

SynopsisBracken in Britain is a host for 27 species of insect herbivores, with a further 11 species that either feed below ground (and are poorly studied), or appear to be only rarely associated with the plant. A typical site in northern England has an average of 15–16 of these species in any one year. Compared with perennial herbaceous angiosperms with similar wide distributions, bracken is not noticeably depauperate in the number of insect species that feed upon it. Bracken in others parts of the world is attacked by a wide variety of insects, with more species present in the geographical areas where bracken is most common.The ‘feeding niches’ of some of these insects are reviewed. Most are very rare relative to the biomass of their host plants, probably because of the impact of natural enemies; the effect of most of the insects upon their host-plant is consequently negligible.Reverse effects, of host-plant upon the insects, are subtle but poorly understood. Experiments to elucidate these effects are briefly outlined.

Effects of simulated herbivory on growth and reproduction of two beach annuals, Cakile edentula and Corispermum hyssopifolium

1992 ◽  
Vol 70 (12) ◽  
pp. 2467-2475 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin E. Gedge ◽  
M. A. Maun
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Output ◽  
Natural Habitat ◽  
Critical Time ◽  
Insect Herbivores ◽  
Compensatory Response ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Cakile Edentula ◽  
Specialist Insect ◽  
Heavy Damage ◽  
Growth And Reproduction

Cakile edentula var. lucustris (sea rocket) and Corispermum hyssopifolium (bugseed) are two annual flowering plants that grow on the sandy shores of the Great Lakes. This habitat is extremely unpredictable and plants are subject to grazing by a number of insect herbivores as well as browsing by white-tailed deer. The objectives of these studies were to estimate the extent of herbivore damage under natural conditions, to determine the most vulnerable stage of damage, and to examine the compensatory ability of each species to tolerate herbivory. Greenhouse experiments showed that both species were able to compensate for low to moderate levels of artificial defoliation. However, high levels near the time of anthesis reduced the growth and reproductive output of both species. Similar experiments in the field revealed that although the critical time of damage was still the same, the plants were less able to tolerate herbivory. Cakile edentula plants exposed to natural herbivory in an unsprayed cabbage field were quickly attacked by large numbers of specialist insect herbivores and completely defoliated in 11 days. The fact that such damage does not occur in its natural habitat suggests that Cakile edentula escapes heavy damage because insects are unable to locate these populations along the shoreline. Key words: white-tailed deer, defoliation intensity, defoliation stage, compensatory response, indeterminate growth.

scholarly journals The Effect of Host-Plant Phylogenetic Isolation on Species Richness, Composition and Specialization of Insect Herbivores: A Comparison between Native and Exotic Hosts

PLoS ONE ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. e0138031 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julio Miguel Grandez-Rios ◽  
Leonardo Lima Bergamini ◽  
Walter Santos de Araújo ◽  
Fabricio Villalobos ◽  
Mário Almeida-Neto
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Host Plant ◽  
Insect Herbivores

scholarly journals Climate Change and Local Host Availability Drive the Northern Range Boundary in the Rapid Expansion of a Specialist Insect Herbivore, Papilio cresphontes

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Keaton Wilson ◽  
Nicolas Casajus ◽  
Rebecca A. Hutchinson ◽  
Kent P. McFarland ◽  
Jeremy T. Kerr ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Host Plant ◽  
Rapid Change ◽  
Rapid Expansion ◽  
Insect Herbivore ◽  
Specialist Herbivore ◽  
Recent Emergence ◽  
Specialist Insect ◽  
Community Science ◽  
Analytical Approaches

Species distributions, abundance, and interactions have always been influenced by human activity and are currently experiencing rapid change. Biodiversity benchmark surveys traditionally require intense human labor inputs to find, identify, and record organisms limiting the rate and impact of scientific enquiry and discovery. Recent emergence and advancement of monitoring technologies have improved biodiversity data collection to a scale and scope previously unimaginable. Community science web platforms, smartphone applications, and technology assisted identification have expedited the speed and enhanced the volume of observational data all while providing open access to these data worldwide. How to integrate and leverage the data into valuable information on how species are changing in space and time requires new best practices in computational and analytical approaches. Here we integrate data from three community science repositories to explore how a specialist herbivore distribution changes in relation to host plant distributions and other environmental factors. We generate a series of temporally explicit species distribution models to generate range predictions for a specialist insect herbivore (Papilio cresphontes) and three predominant host-plant species. We find that this insect species has experienced rapid northern range expansion, likely due to a combination of the range of its larval host plants and climate changes in winter. This case study shows rapid data collection through large scale community science endeavors can be leveraged through thoughtful data integration and transparent analytic pipelines to inform how environmental change impacts where species are and their interactions for a more cost effective method of biodiversity benchmarking.

scholarly journals The bigger the better? Vigour of the exotic host plant Calotropis procera (Apocynaceae) affects herbivory

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 359-366
Author(s):  
Geraldo Wilson Fernandes ◽  
Jarcilene Silva de Almeida ◽  
Maria Fernanda Vicente Rodrigues-Menelau ◽  
Lucas Arantes-Garcia ◽  
Samuel Novais
Keyword(s):  
Host Plant ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Calotropis Procera ◽  
Insect Herbivores ◽  
Plant Vigour ◽  
Seasonally Dry ◽  
Shoot Size ◽  
Vigorous Plant ◽  
Leaf Herbivory

The Plant Vigour Hypothesis states that herbivores preferentially feed on the most vigorous plants within a plant population and/or the most vigorous modules within a plant. The goal of this study was to evaluate how shoot size (as an indication of module vigour) affects leaf herbivory in the host plant Calotropis procera, an exotic xerophyte perennial milkweed shrub. We predicted that the proportion of leaf area removed by insect herbivores would be positively related to shoot size. Eight patches were selected containing a varied number of C. procera individuals (5, 8, 29, 31, 55, 79, 116, and 172 individuals/patch) in the Brazilian seasonally dry vegetation (Caatinga), of which five individuals were randomly selected for further analysis. From each individual, three to six shoots were randomly selected, measured and had their leaves collected, for a total of approximately 200 leaves per patch. At the regional scale, the proportion of leaf area removed was positively affected by shoot size. In addition, this pattern was also found for the majority of the studied patches (29, 31, 55, 116, and 172 individuals/patch). Among the insect herbivores associated with C. procera, larvae of Danaus spp. (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) were commonly observed feeding on all patches. These herbivores present a specialized behaviour to circumvent the presence of latex in the host leaves. Although more vigorous plant modules should be better defended compared with the less vigorous modules, Danaus species were able to bypass host defences, and feed on healthy, rapidly growing and vigorous plant modules of C. procera, hence causing more damage to these modules.

Ecological interactions among insect herbivores, ants and the host plant Baccharis dracunculifolia in a Brazilian mountain ecosystem

2019 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 158-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Graziella França Monteiro ◽  
Luiz Eduardo Macedo-Reis ◽  
Wesley Dáttilo ◽  
Geraldo Wilson Fernandes ◽  
Flavio Siqueira de Castro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Host Plant ◽  
Insect Herbivores ◽  
Ecological Interactions ◽  
Mountain Ecosystem

scholarly journals Immune modulation enables a specialist insect to benefit from antibacterial withanolides in its host plant

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Barthel ◽  
Heiko Vogel ◽  
Yannick Pauchet ◽  
Gerhard Pauls ◽  
Grit Kunert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Host Plant ◽  
Immune Modulation ◽  
Specialist Insect
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