FISHING THE LINE NEAR MARINE RESERVES IN SINGLE AND MULTISPECIES FISHERIES

Julie B. Kellner; Irene Tetreault; Steven D. Gaines; Roger M. Nisbet

doi:10.1890/05-1845

FISHING THE LINE NEAR MARINE RESERVES IN SINGLE AND MULTISPECIES FISHERIES

Ecological Applications ◽

10.1890/05-1845 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 17 (4) ◽

pp. 1039-1054 ◽

Cited By ~ 181

Author(s):

Julie B. Kellner ◽

Irene Tetreault ◽

Steven D. Gaines ◽

Roger M. Nisbet

Keyword(s):

Marine Reserves ◽

Multispecies Fisheries ◽

Fishing The Line

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Marine reserves planned around commercial interests

Nature ◽

10.1038/nature.2014.14780 ◽

2014 ◽

Author(s):

Daniel Cressey

Keyword(s):

Marine Reserves

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Effects of marine reserves on predator-prey interactions in central California kelp forests

Marine Ecology Progress Series ◽

10.3354/meps13526 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 655 ◽

pp. 139-155

Author(s):

DC Yates ◽

SI Lonhart ◽

SL Hamilton

Keyword(s):

Species Interactions ◽

Size Structure ◽

Marine Reserves ◽

Mortality Rates ◽

Kelp Forests ◽

Negative Effects ◽

Central California ◽

Invertebrate Predators ◽

Predatory Fishes ◽

Density And Biomass

Marine reserves are often designed to increase density, biomass, size structure, and biodiversity by prohibiting extractive activities. However, the recovery of predators following the establishment of marine reserves and the consequent cessation of fishing may have indirect negative effects on prey populations by increasing prey mortality. We coupled field surveys with empirical predation assays (i.e. tethering experiments) inside and outside of 3 no-take marine reserves in kelp forests along the central California coast to quantify the strength of interactions between predatory fishes and their crustacean prey. Results indicated elevated densities and biomass of invertebrate predators inside marine reserves compared to nearby fished sites, but no significant differences in prey densities. The increased abundance of predators inside marine reserves translated to a significant increase in mortality of 2 species of decapod crustaceans, the dock shrimp Pandalus danae and the cryptic kelp crab Pugettia richii, in tethering experiments. Shrimp mortality rates were 4.6 times greater, while crab mortality rates were 7 times greater inside reserves. For both prey species, the time to 50% mortality was negatively associated with the density and biomass of invertebrate predators (i.e. higher mortality rates where predators were more abundant). Video analyses indicated that macro-invertivore fishes arrived 2 times faster to tethering arrays at sites inside marine reserves and began attacking tethered prey more rapidly. The results indicate that marine reserves can have direct and indirect effects on predators and their prey, respectively, and highlight the importance of considering species interactions in making management decisions.

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