HIGH SURVIVAL IN POOR YEARS: LIFE HISTORY TACTICS ADAPTED TO MAST SEEDING IN THE EDIBLE DORMOUSE

Ecology ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 87 (2) ◽  
pp. 372-381 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Ruf ◽  
J. Fietz ◽  
W. Schlund ◽  
C. Bieber
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Mast Seeding ◽  
High Survival ◽  
Edible Dormouse

scholarly journals Using life history trade-offs to understand core-transient structuring of a small mammal community

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah R Supp ◽  
David N. Koons ◽  
S. K. Morgan Ernest
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Reproductive Effort ◽  
Survival Strategies ◽  
Life History Strategies ◽  
High Survival ◽  
Transient Species ◽  
Ecological Specialization ◽  
Core Species ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Source Sink

An emerging conceptual framework suggests that communities are comprised of two main groups of species: core species that are temporally persistent, and transient species that are temporally intermittent. Core and transient species have been shown to differ in spatiotemporal turnover, diversity patterns, and importantly, survival strategies targeted at local vs. regional habitat use. While the core-transient framework has typically been a site-specific designation for species, we suggest that if core and transient species have local vs. regional survival strategies across sites, and consistently differ in population-level spatial structure and gene flow, they may also exhibit different life-history strategies. Specifically, core species should display relatively low dispersal rates, low reproductive effort, high ecological specialization and high survival rates compared to transient species, which may display a wider range of traits given that transience may result from source-sink dynamics or from the ability to emigrate readily. We present results from 21 years of capture-mark-recapture data in a diverse rodent community, evaluating the linkages between temporal persistence, local abundance, and trade-offs among life-history traits. Core species at our site conservatively supported our hypotheses, differing in ecological specialization, survival and dispersal probabilities, and reproductive effort from transient species. Transient species exhibited a wider range of characteristics, which likely stems from the multiple processes generating source-sink dynamics and nomadic transience in local communities. We suggest that trait associations among core-transient species may be similar in other systems and warrants further study.

Life history of the white-breasted robin, Eopsaltria georgiana (Petroicidae), in south-western Australia

2004 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 111 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. M. Russell ◽  
the late R. J. Brown ◽  
M. N. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Western Australia ◽  
Reproductive Rate ◽  
First Year ◽  
High Survival ◽  
Breeding Dispersal ◽  
Territory Quality ◽  
History Of ◽  
Mayfield Method ◽  
Eucalyptus Diversicolor

The white-breasted robin, Eopsaltria georgiana, is endemic to south-western Australia. We studied breeding, dispersal and survival in known groups from 1978 until 1987, with some groups followed until 1992, in Eucalyptus diversicolor (karri) forest near Manjimup, Western Australia. E. georgiana bred cooperatively, with 66% of groups including one or more birds in addition to the breeding pair (mean group size 3.1); these helpers were predominantly males and assisted the senior male in feeding the female on the nest and the young and defending the territory. The survival of adults was high (males 86%; females 79%). Breeding territories and groups persisted from year to year, although in the non-breeding season, males ranged more widely. Dispersal was female-biased; most females and some males dispersed in their first year. Divorce was rare; breeding males that disappeared were replaced by a helper from within the group if one was present, and females were replaced from outside the group. Eggs were laid between July and December. Clutch size was almost always 2, incubation lasted 16–17 days and nestlings fledged 13–14 days later. Juveniles were dependent on adult provisioning for 6–8 weeks. We found no parasitism by cuckoos. Of 429 nests found, 74% fledged at least one young, and overall nesting success calculated by the Mayfield method was 63%. The median time between initiation of two successive clutches was 54 days, and 52% of females renested after fledging one brood; at least two broods per year were fledged by 44% of females. Groups produced a mean of 2.8 fledglings, 1.3 independent young and 0.7 yearlings per year. The most productive groups were those with two or more helpers on high-quality territories, but we could not separate the effects of helpers and territory quality. E. georgiana has the 'slow' life history typical of many Australian passerines – cooperative breeding, sedentary, resident all year round in an equable habitat that promotes high survival of breeding adults. Their low reproductive rate produces a small crop of yearlings, some of which may stay in the parental home range.

Life history written in blood: erythrocyte parameters in a small hibernator, the edible dormouse

2017 ◽  
Vol 188 (2) ◽  
pp. 359-371 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadine Havenstein ◽  
Franz Langer ◽  
Joanna Fietz
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Edible Dormouse ◽  
Blood Erythrocyte

scholarly journals Using life history trade-offs to understand core-transient structuring of a small mammal community

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah R Supp ◽  
David N. Koons ◽  
S. K. Morgan Ernest
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Reproductive Effort ◽  
Survival Strategies ◽  
Life History Strategies ◽  
High Survival ◽  
Transient Species ◽  
Ecological Specialization ◽  
Core Species ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Source Sink

An emerging conceptual framework suggests that communities are composed of two main groups of species through time: core species that are temporally persistent, and transient species that are temporally intermittent. Core and transient species have been shown to differ in spatiotemporal turnover, diversity patterns, and importantly, survival strategies targeted at local vs. regional habitat use. While the core-transient framework has typically been a site-specific designation for species, we suggest that if core and transient species have local vs. regional survival strategies across sites, and consistently differ in population-level spatial structure and gene flow, they may also exhibit different life-history strategies. Specifically, core species should display relatively low movement rates, low reproductive effort, high ecological specialization and high survival rates compared to transient species, which may display a wider range of traits given that transience may result from source-sink dynamics or from the ability to emigrate readily in a nomadic fashion. We present results from 21 years of capture-mark-recapture data in a diverse rodent community, evaluating the linkages between temporal persistence, local abundance, and trade-offs among life-history traits. Core species at our site conservatively supported our hypotheses, differing in ecological specialization, survival and movement probabilities, and reproductive effort relative to transient species. Transient species exhibited a wider range of characteristics, which likely stems from the multiple processes generating transience in local communities, such as source-sink dynamics at larger regional scales or nomadic life history strategies. We suggest that trait associations among core-transient species may be similar in other systems and warrants further study.

Ecological and evolutionary significance of molt in lowland Neotropical landbirds

The Auk ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 138 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jared D Wolfe ◽  
Ryan S Terrill ◽  
Erik I Johnson ◽  
Luke L Powell ◽  
T Brandt Ryder
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Home Range ◽  
Home Range Size ◽  
Range Size ◽  
Evolutionary Significance ◽  
High Survival ◽  
Life History Variation ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
History Of

Abstract The slow-paced life history of many Neotropical birds (e.g., high survival and low fecundity) is hypothesized to increase lifetime fitness through investments in self-maintenance over reproduction relative to their temperate counterparts. Molt is a key investment in self-maintenance and is readily shaped by environmental conditions. As such, variation in molt strategies may be a key mechanism underlying life-history trade-offs and adaptation to new environments. Here, we review molt strategies from a diversity of lowland Neotropical landbirds and examine how variation in molt strategies, characterized by differences in molt insertions, timing, extent, and duration contribute to life-history variation and adaptation to diverse ecological conditions. In addition to our synthesis, we present a case study to examine the relationship between home range size and duration of the definitive prebasic molt of a well-studied subset of Amazonian landbirds. Our results suggest a connection between prolonged molt duration and larger home range size of small-to-medium-sized Amazonian landbirds. Our aims were to identify key gaps in our knowledge of Neotropical bird molt, to stimulate further comparative studies into the evolution of molt strategies, and to highlight how variation in molt strategies may be a key mechanism underlying life-history variation across latitudes.

scholarly journals Is the relationship between mast-seeding and weather in oaks related to their life-history or phylogeny?

Ecology ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 97 (10) ◽  
pp. 2603-2615 ◽  
Author(s):  
Walter D. Koenig ◽  
Reyes Alejano ◽  
Maria Dolores Carbonero ◽  
Pilar Fernández-Rebollo ◽  
Johannes M. H. Knops ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Mast Seeding ◽  
The Relationship
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