POLLINATOR-MEDIATED SELECTION ON THE NECTAR GUIDE PHENOTYPE IN THE ANDEAN MONKEY FLOWER, MIMULUS LUTEUS

Ecology ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 84 (7) ◽  
pp. 1721-1732 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Medel ◽  
Carezza Botto-Mahan ◽  
Mary Kalin-Arroyo
Keyword(s):  
Monkey Flower ◽  
Nectar Guide

scholarly journals Loss of Color Pigmentation Is Maintained at High Frequency in a Monkey Flower Population

2018 ◽  
Vol 191 (1) ◽  
pp. 135-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alex D. Twyford ◽  
Aaron M. Caola ◽  
Pratibha Choudhary ◽  
Ramesh Raina ◽  
Jannice Friedman
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Monkey Flower

Nectar guide fluctuating asymmetry does not relate to female fitness in Mimulus luteus

Plant Ecology ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 174 (2) ◽  
pp. 347-352 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carezza Botto-Mahan ◽  
Nélida Pohl ◽  
Rodrigo Medel
Keyword(s):  
Fluctuating Asymmetry ◽  
Female Fitness ◽  
Nectar Guide

scholarly journals Estimation of Heritability of the Nectar Guide of Flowers in Brassica rapa L.

2006 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Syafaruddin ◽  
Kiwa Kobayashi ◽  
Yosuke Yoshioka ◽  
Atsushi Horisaki ◽  
Satoshi Niikura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Rapa ◽  
Nectar Guide

scholarly journals Effect of Flower Shapes and Nectar Guides On the Behaviour of Foraging Honeybees

Behaviour ◽  
1970 ◽  
Vol 37 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 269-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.B. Free
Keyword(s):  
Central Area ◽  
Training Model ◽  
Nectar Guides ◽  
Black Circle ◽  
Guide Ring ◽  
Guide Lines ◽  
Previous Training ◽  
Nectar Guide

AbstractI. Honeybees were trained to collect syrup from coloured discs and then presented with a choice of 'model' flowers. 2. The colour of a model was an important distinguishing feature, but its scent was even more important. A foreign odour made the models less attractive than no odour. 3. The size of a training model did not influence the size of model later chosen, but the bees preferred radially symmetrical to bilaterally symmetrical models, and models with a disruptive outline to circular models, even though trained to circular ones. 4. Adding nectar guides to a model increased its attractiveness, independently of conditioning ; dotted lines were more attractive than continuous lines, and a group of dots was more attractive than a black circle in the centre of a model. Adding a disruptive outline to a model similarly increased attractiveness and effects of a disruptive outline and nectar guide lines were additive. However, a limit was soon reached in which more guide lines or further segmentation failed to increase attractiveness. 5. Bees showed no preference to alight in the centres of circular models, and preferred the edges of the petaloid or star-shaped models. 6. Nectar guide lines had a directing function only when the bees had learned to seek food at a particular site in relation to them. Training to a point where nectar guide lines converged was quickly achieved, and could be transferred to models of other types. A nectar guide ring in the centre of a model sometimes slightly increased the proportion of visits to its centre, but conditioning was again necessary to obtain much effect. 7. Bees without previous training were attracted to a black central area, and this was still more effective after training. The bees' behaviour was not affected by attempts to give models an illusion of depth.

scholarly journals THE GENETICS OF COPPER TOLERANCE IN THE YELLOW MONKEY FLOWER, MIMULUS GUTTATUS. I. CROSSES TO NONTOLERANTS

Genetics ◽  
1979 ◽  
Vol 91 (3) ◽  
pp. 553-563
Author(s):  
Mark R Macnair
Keyword(s):  
Threshold Model ◽  
Copper Tolerance ◽  
Additive Effects ◽  
Mimulus Guttatus ◽  
Biometrical Genetics ◽  
First Order ◽  
Monkey Flower

ABSTRACT The biometrical genetics of copper tolerance has been investigated in two Californian populations of Mimulus guttatus by crosses to a nontolerant British population. A simple biometrical model involving only additive and dominance effects is not sufficient. When the first order interactions are included, the model is shown to fit the data. Interactions between the dominance effects of different loci, and between dominance and additive effects, are the most important. These interactions can be explained either by a threshold model, or by postulating dominance modification.

scholarly journals Nectar Guide Patterns on Developmentally Homologous Regions of the Subtribe Ligeriinae (Gesneriaceae)

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hao-Chun Hsu ◽  
Yan-Fu Kuo
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Region Of Interest ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Interspecific Variation ◽  
Geometric Transformation ◽  
Homologous Region ◽  
Bee Pollination ◽  
Histological Image ◽  
High Diversity ◽  
Nectar Guide

Homology is a crucial concept that should be considered while conducting a comparative analysis between organisms. In particular, in the subtribe Ligeriinae, the nectar guide pattern is associated with high diversity in petal shapes and sizes. This largely limits researchers to exclusively examining the interspecific variation in nectar guide patterns on the developmentally homologous region. Thus, to solve this problem, we proposed an approach for defining a homologous region of interest (ROI) that aligns the petal image between specimens based on petal contours and vasculatures. We identified petal contours and vasculatures from the fresh petal image and its histological image through image processing. The homologous ROI was subsequently obtained by applying geometric transformation to the contour and vasculature. The qualification and quantification of nectar guide patterns were subsequently performed based on the homologous ROI. Four patterning modes, namely vascular, random, distal, and proximal, were defined for the qualitative analysis of nectar guide patterns. In the quantitative analysis, principal component (PC) analysis was applied to homologous ROIs, and the PC score of each specimen served as the trait values of nectar guide patterns. The results of the two analyses coincided, and both showed significant associations between nectar guide patterns and pollination types. The proximal mode (corresponding to PC1) and distal mode (corresponding to PC2) together showed the strongest association with pollination types. Species exhibiting the hummingbird and bee pollination types tended to recruit the distal and proximal modes, respectively. Our study conducted a comparative analysis of nectar guide patterns on the developmentally homologous region and provided a comprehensive view of the variation in the nectar guide patterns of Ligeriinae.

Studies on the nature of the adaptations of the monkey flower, Mimulus guttatus, to a thermophilic environment

1974 ◽  
Vol 52 (7) ◽  
pp. 1509-1514 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deborah Pierson Delmer
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Yellowstone National Park ◽  
National Park ◽  
Hot Springs ◽  
Cellular Level ◽  
Mimulus Guttatus ◽  
Temperature Optimum ◽  
Cytoplasmic Proteins ◽  
Biochemical Level ◽  
Monkey Flower

The banks of many of the hot springs in Yellowstone National Park (U.S.A.) are populated almost exclusively by the wild flower Mimulus guttatus. Studies were undertaken to attempt to determine the nature of the adaptations this species possesses to enable it to survive in this thermophilic environment. Measurements of the heat stabilities of cytoplasmic proteins from this plant provide no evidence to indicate any unusual thermostable properties at the biochemical level. Similarly, the temperature optimum for growth of this species in tissue culture is not dramatically different from that of tissue taken from related or unrelated plants. Since this species has no obvious detectable differences in thermostability at the biochemical and cellular level, it is concluded that its ability to populate these areas may be primarily due to its hydrophytic nature as well as its ability to reproduce vegetatively.

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