A comprehensive model for the characterization of cognitive processes

2016 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Comprehensive Model

Underconstrained thalamic activation + underconstrained top-down modulation of cortical input processing = underconstrained perceptions

2004 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 803-804
Author(s):  
Martin Sarter ◽  
Gary G. Berntson
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Comprehensive Model ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Cholinergic Modulation ◽  
Bottom Up ◽  
Cortical Input ◽  
Input Processing

Behrendt & Young's (B&Y's) theory offers a potentially important perspective on the neurobiology of schizophrenia, but it remains incomplete. In addition to bottom-up contributions, such as those associated with disturbances in sensory constraints on cognitive processes, a comprehensive model requires the integration of the consequences of abnormal top-down modulation of input processing for the evolution of “underconstrained” perceptions. Dysfunctional cholinergic modulation of input functions represents a necessary mechanism for the generation of false perceptions.

scholarly journals Interactions between metabolic, reward and cognitive processes in appetite control: Implications for novel weight management therapies

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (11) ◽  
pp. 1460-1474 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suzanne Higgs ◽  
Maartje S Spetter ◽  
Jason M Thomas ◽  
Pia Rotshtein ◽  
Michelle Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Effective Treatment ◽  
Weight Management ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Cross Talk ◽  
Cognitive Functions ◽  
Comprehensive Model ◽  
Appetite Control ◽  
Memory And Attention

Traditional models of appetite control have emphasised the role of parallel homeostatic and hedonic systems, but more recently the distinction between independent homeostatic and hedonic systems has been abandoned in favour of a framework that emphasises the cross talk between the neurochemical substrates of the two systems. In addition, evidence has emerged more recently, that higher level cognitive functions such as learning, memory and attention play an important role in everyday appetite control and that homeostatic signals also play a role in cognition. Here, we review this evidence and present a comprehensive model of the control of appetite that integrates cognitive, homeostatic and reward mechanisms. We discuss the implications of this model for understanding the factors that may contribute to disordered patterns of eating and suggest opportunities for developing more effective treatment approaches for eating disorders and weight management.

scholarly journals Algorithm and Parameters: Solving the Generality Problem for Reliabilism

2019 ◽  
Vol 128 (4) ◽  
pp. 463-509 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jack C. Lyons
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Folk Psychology ◽  
Important Case ◽  
Cognitive Penetration ◽  
Generality Problem ◽  
Psychological Variables ◽  
Affect Processing

The paper offers a solution to the generality problem for a reliabilist epistemology, by developing an “algorithm and parameters” scheme for type-individuating cognitive processes. Algorithms are detailed procedures for mapping inputs to outputs. Parameters are psychological variables that systematically affect processing. The relevant process type for a given token is given by the complete algorithmic characterization of the token, along with the values of all the causally relevant parameters. The typing that results is far removed from the typings of folk psychology, and from much of the epistemology literature. But it is principled and empirically grounded, and shows good prospects for yielding the desired epistemological verdicts. The paper articulates and elaborates the theory, drawing out some of its consequences. Toward the end, the fleshed-out theory is applied to two important case studies: hallucination and cognitive penetration of perception.

On the Cognitive Processes of Human Perception with Emotions, Motivations, and Attitudes

2009 ◽  
pp. 141-153
Author(s):  
Yingxu Wang
Keyword(s):  
Software Engineering ◽  
Mathematical Models ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Reference Model ◽  
Human Perception ◽  
Comprehensive Model ◽  
Time Process ◽  
Rigorous Model ◽  
The Brain

An interactive motivation-attitude theory is developed based on the Layered Reference Model of the Brain (LRMB) and the object-attributerelation (OAR) model. This paper presents a rigorous model of human perceptual processes such as emotions, motivations, and attitudes. A set of mathematical models and formal cognitive processes of perception is developed. Interactions and relationships between motivation and attitude are formally described in real-time process algebra (RTPA). Applications of the mathematical models of motivations and attitudes in software engineering are demonstrated. This work is a part of the formalization of LRMB, which provides a comprehensive model for explaining the fundamental cognitive processes of the brain and their interactions. This work demonstrates that the complicated human emotional and perceptual phenomena can be rigorously modeled and formally treated based on cognitive informatics theories and denotational mathematics.

On the Cognitive Processes of Human Perception with Emotions, Motivations, and Attitudes

2009 ◽  
pp. 685-697
Author(s):  
Yingxu Wang
Keyword(s):  
Software Engineering ◽  
Mathematical Models ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Reference Model ◽  
Human Perception ◽  
Comprehensive Model ◽  
Time Process ◽  
Rigorous Model ◽  
The Brain

An interactive motivation-attitude theory is developed based on the Layered Reference Model of the Brain (LRMB) and the object-attributerelation (OAR) model. This paper presents a rigorous model of human perceptual processes such as emotions, motivations, and attitudes. A set of mathematical models and formal cognitive processes of perception is developed. Interactions and relationships between motivation and attitude are formally described in real-time process algebra (RTPA). Applications of the mathematical models of motivations and attitudes in software engineering are demonstrated. This work is a part of the formalization of LRMB, which provides a comprehensive model for explaining the fundamental cognitive processes of the brain and their interactions. This work demonstrates that the complicated human emotional and perceptual phenomena can be rigorously modeled and formally treated based on cognitive informatics theories and denotational mathematics.

What are Mental Representations?

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Science ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Mental Representation ◽  
Computational Models ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Mental Representations ◽  
The Core ◽  
The Mind ◽  
The Brain

Mental representation is one of the core theoretical constructs within cognitive science and, together with the introduction of the computer as a model for the mind, is responsible for enabling the “cognitive turn” in psychology and associated fields. Conceiving of cognitive processes, such as perception, motor control, and reasoning, as processes that consist in the manipulation of contentful vehicles representing the world has allowed us to refine our explanations of behavior and has led to tremendous empirical advancements. Despite the central role that the concept plays in cognitive science, there is no unanimously accepted characterization of mental representation. Technological and methodological progress in the cognitive sciences has produced numerous computational models of the brain and mind, many of which have introduced mutually incompatible notions of mental representation. This proliferation has led some philosophers to question the metaphysical status and explanatory usefulness of the notion. This book contains state-of-the-art chapters on the topic of mental representation, assembling some of the leading experts in the field and allowing them to engage in meaningful exchanges over some of the most contentious questions. The collection gathers both proponents and critics of the concept of mental representation, allowing them to engage with topics such as the ontological status of representations, the possibility of formulating a general account of mental representation which would fit our best explanatory practices, and the possibility of delivering such an account in fully naturalistic terms.

The aerobic transition as an economic ratchet

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 199-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodrick Wallace
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Free Energy ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Physical Science ◽  
Path Dependence ◽  
Formal Analysis ◽  
Evolutionary Transitions ◽  
Biological Phenomena ◽  
Insight Into

AbstractPunctuated equilibrium, in the sense of Eldredge and Gould in 1972, and path dependence (Gould in 2002), dominate evolutionary processes, many of whose dynamics can be expressed in terms of interacting information sources (Wallace in 2010). Argument based on Feynman's (in 2000) characterization of information as a form of free energy leads to a close, if inverse, analogy between evolutionary transitions and economic ratchets. Driven by such a ‘self-referential’ mechanism, increases in available metabolic free energy – via the aerobic transition – led to the eukaryotic transition and to life as we know it. Formal analysis focuses on groupoid symmetries associated with the cognitive processes of gene expression, an extension of the symmetry breaking/making perspectives of physical science into biological phenomena. This suggests that understanding modalities of cognitive gene expression, as opposed to focus on genes themselves, provides the deepest insight into evolutionary phenomena, a perspective at some variance with current simplistic gene-centred views that constrain evolutionary theory.

On the Cognitive Processes of Human Perception with Emotions, Motivations, and Attitudes

2011 ◽  
pp. 65-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yingxu Wang
Keyword(s):  
Software Engineering ◽  
Mathematical Models ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Reference Model ◽  
Human Perception ◽  
Comprehensive Model ◽  
Time Process ◽  
Rigorous Model ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Object Attribute

An interactive motivation-attitude theory is developed based on the Layered Reference Model of the Brain (LRMB) and the Object-Attribute-Relation (OAR) model. This chapter presents a rigorous model of human perceptual processes such as emotions, motivations, and attitudes. A set of mathematical models and formally described cognitive processes are developed. The interactions and relationships between motivation and attitude are formally described in real-time process algebra (RTPA). Applications of the mathematical models of motivations and attitudes in software engineering are demonstrated. This work is the detailed description of a part of the layered reference model of the brain (LRMB) that provides a comprehensive model for explaining the fundamental cognitive processes of the brain and their interactions. This work demonstrates that the complicated human emotional and perceptual phenomena can be rigorously modeled in mathematics and be formally treated and described.

scholarly journals What Does It Take to Be a Social Agent?

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Víctor Fernández Castro ◽  
Raul Hakli ◽  
Aurélie Clodic
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Social Robotics ◽  
Social Agency ◽  
Intentional Stance ◽  
Social Agent ◽  
Social Features ◽  
Intentional Agency ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
Methodological Ground

The aim of this paper is to present a philosophically inspired list of minimal requirements for social agency that may serve as a guideline for social robotics. Such a list does not aim at detailing the cognitive processes behind sociality but at providing an implementation-free characterization of the capacities and skills associated with sociality. We employ the notion of intentional stance as a methodological ground to study intentional agency and extend it into a social stance that takes into account social features of behavior. We discuss the basic requirements of sociality and different ways to understand them, and suggest some potential benefits of understanding them in an instrumentalist way in the context of social robotics.

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