scholarly journals Native American Ancestry and Air Pollution Interact to Impact Bronchodilator Response in Puerto Rican Children with Asthma

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-88
Author(s):  
Maria Contreras ◽  
Kevin Keys ◽  
Joaquin Magana ◽  
Page Goddard ◽  
Oona Risse-Adams ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Native American ◽  
Puerto Rican ◽  
Mexican American ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Common Chronic Disease ◽  
Asthma Morbidity ◽  
Native American Ancestry ◽  
Children With Asthma ◽  
American Children

Objective: Asthma is the most common chronic disease in children. Short-acting bronchodilator medications are the most commonly prescribed asthma treatment worldwide, regardless of disease severity. Puerto Rican children display the high­est asthma morbidity and mortality of any US population. Alarmingly, Puerto Rican children with asthma display poor broncho­dilator drug response (BDR). Reduced BDR may explain, in part, the increased asthma morbidity and mortality observed in Puerto Rican children with asthma. Gene-environ­ment interactions may explain a portion of the heritability of BDR. We aimed to identify gene-environment interactions as­sociated with BDR in Puerto Rican children with asthma.Setting: Genetic, environmental, and psycho-social data from the Genes-environ­ments and Admixture in Latino Americans (GALA II) case-control study.Participants: Our discovery dataset con­sisted of 658 Puerto Rican children with asthma; our replication dataset consisted of 514 Mexican American children with asthma.Main Outcomes Measures: We assessed the association of pairwise interaction mod­els with BDR using ViSEN (Visualization of Statistical Epistasis Networks).Results: We identified a non-linear interac­tion between Native American genetic ancestry and air pollution significantly as­sociated with BDR in Puerto Rican children with asthma. This interaction was robust to adjustment for age and sex but was not significantly associated with BDR in our replication population.Conclusions: Decreased Native American ancestry coupled with increased air pollu­tion exposure was associated with increased BDR in Puerto Rican children with asthma. Our study acknowledges BDR’s phenotypic complexity, and emphasizes the importance of integrating social, environmental, and bi­ological data to further our understanding of complex disease.Ethn Dis. 2021;31(1):77- 88; doi:10.18865/ed.31.1.77

scholarly journals 2110 Prenatal near roadway air pollution exposure and early neurodevelopment in young Mexican-American children: Findings from the CHAMACOS prospective birth cohort study

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (S1) ◽  
pp. 86-86
Author(s):  
William H. Coe ◽  
Jason Feinberg ◽  
Robert Grunier ◽  
Brenda Eskenazi ◽  
Heather Volk
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Motor Development ◽  
Mexican American ◽  
Dispersion Model ◽  
Birth Cohort Study ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Scale Scores ◽  
American Children ◽  
Prospective Birth Cohort

OBJECTIVES/SPECIFIC AIMS: Previous studies suggest that prenatal exposure to environmental pollutants can have an adverse effect on brain development. We examine the association between prenatal near roadway air pollution (NRAP) exposure and early neurodevelopment. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: The Center for the Health Assessment of Mothers and Children of Salinas (CHAMACOS) Study is a prospective birth cohort that began in 1999 with 605 mother-child pairs of primarily Mexican-American descent. Maternal residence during pregnancy was geocoded using ArcGIS and prenatal NRAP exposure was assigned using the CALINE4 line source dispersion model. We used composite Bayley Scale scores for cognitive and motor development, and created separate linear regression models at 6, 12, and 24 months of age. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: After adjusting for relevant maternal and child characteristics, preliminary estimates suggest that prenatal NRAP exposure is associated with a nonsignificant increase in Bayley Scale scores at 6 and 24 months (cognitive: β=0.13, p-value=0.20 and motor: β=0.08, p-value=0.58 at 6 months; cognitive: β=0.16, p-value=0.42 and motor: β=0.20, p-value=0.25 at 24 months) and a nonsignificant decrease at 12 months (cognitive: β=−0.07, p-value=0.64 and motor: β=−0.12, p-value=0.56). DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: Our preliminary findings do not suggest that prenatal NRAP exposure is associated with early cognitive development. Additional exploration of co-exposures known to effect neurodevelopment should be examined in this rural population.

scholarly journals Lung Function in African American Children with Asthma Is Associated with Novel Regulatory Variants of the KIT Ligand KITLG/SCF and Gene-By-Air-Pollution Interaction

Genetics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 215 (3) ◽  
pp. 869-886
Author(s):  
Angel C. Y. Mak ◽  
Satria Sajuthi ◽  
Jaehyun Joo ◽  
Shujie Xiao ◽  
Patrick M. Sleiman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
African American ◽  
Lung Function ◽  
Genetic Association ◽  
Interaction Analysis ◽  
Whole Genome Sequencing Data ◽  
African American Children ◽  
Kit Ligand ◽  
Children With Asthma ◽  
American Children

Baseline lung function, quantified as forced expiratory volume in the first second of exhalation (FEV1), is a standard diagnostic criterion used by clinicians to identify and classify lung diseases. Using whole-genome sequencing data from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Trans-Omics for Precision Medicine project, we identified a novel genetic association with FEV1 on chromosome 12 in 867 African American children with asthma (P = 1.26 × 10−8, β = 0.302). Conditional analysis within 1 Mb of the tag signal (rs73429450) yielded one major and two other weaker independent signals within this peak. We explored statistical and functional evidence for all variants in linkage disequilibrium with the three independent signals and yielded nine variants as the most likely candidates responsible for the association with FEV1. Hi-C data and expression QTL analysis demonstrated that these variants physically interacted with KITLG (KIT ligand, also known as SCF), and their minor alleles were associated with increased expression of the KITLG gene in nasal epithelial cells. Gene-by-air-pollution interaction analysis found that the candidate variant rs58475486 interacted with past-year ambient sulfur dioxide exposure (P = 0.003, β = 0.32). This study identified a novel protective genetic association with FEV1, possibly mediated through KITLG, in African American children with asthma. This is the first study that has identified a genetic association between lung function and KITLG, which has established a role in orchestrating allergic inflammation in asthma.

scholarly journals Cryptic Native American ancestry recapitulates population-specific migration and settlement of the continental United States

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. King Jordan ◽  
Lavanya Rishishwar ◽  
Andrew B. Conley
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
Native American ◽  
Mexican American ◽  
African Ancestry ◽  
Westward Expansion ◽  
Native American Ancestry ◽  
Southeastern Us ◽  
Jewish Ancestry ◽  
The Us ◽  
African Descendants

AbstractEuropean and African descendants settled the continental US during the 17th-19th centuries, coming into contact with established Native American populations. The resulting admixture among these groups yielded a significant reservoir of cryptic Native American ancestry in the modern US population. We analyzed the patterns of Native American admixture seen for the three largest genetic ancestry groups in the US population: African American, European American, and Hispanic/Latino. The three groups show distinct Native American ancestry profiles, which are indicative of their historical patterns of migration and settlement across the country. Native American ancestry in the modern African American population does not coincide with local geography, instead forming a monophyletic group with origins in the southeastern US, consistent with the Great Migration of the early 20th century. European Americans show Native American ancestry that tracks their geographic origins across the US, indicative of ongoing contact during westward expansion, and Native American ancestry can resolve Hispanic/Latino individuals into distinct local groups formed by more recent migration from Mexico and Puerto Rico. We found an anomalous pattern of Native American ancestry from the US southwest, which most likely corresponds to the Nuevomexicano descendants of early Spanish settlers to the region. We addressed a number of controversies surrounding this population, including the extent of Sephardic Jewish ancestry. Nuevomexicanos are less admixed than nearby Mexican-American individuals, with more European and less Native American and African ancestry, and while they do show demonstrable Sephardic Jewish ancestry, the fraction is no greater than seen for other Hispanic/Latino populations.

Health-Care Use Among Puerto Rican and African-American Children With Asthma

CHEST Journal ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 130 (2) ◽  
pp. 463-471 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robyn T. Cohen ◽  
Juan C. Celedón ◽  
Vanessa J. Hinckson ◽  
Clare D. Ramsey ◽  
Dorothy B. Wakefield ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
African American ◽  
Puerto Rican ◽  
Health Care Use ◽  
African American Children ◽  
Children With Asthma ◽  
American Children

scholarly journals Association of neighborhood crime with asthma and asthma morbidity among Mexican American children in Chicago, Illinois

2016 ◽  
Vol 117 (5) ◽  
pp. 502-507.e1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamal Eldeirawi ◽  
Colin Kunzweiler ◽  
Natalya Rosenberg ◽  
Barth Riley ◽  
Yan Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mexican American ◽  
Neighborhood Crime ◽  
Asthma Morbidity ◽  
American Children
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