The Role of Reasoning and Intuition in Moral Decision-making

2017 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 85-115
Author(s):  
Kyung-Ho Moon ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Moral Decision ◽  
Moral Decision Making

Moral particularism

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger Crisp
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Moral Education ◽  
Moral Philosophy ◽  
Moral Decision ◽  
Moral Sensitivity ◽  
Moral Decision Making ◽  
Moral Particularism ◽  
Moral Principles ◽  
Moral Theories

Moral particularism is a broad set of views which play down the role of general moral principles in moral philosophy and practice. Particularists stress the role of examples in moral education and of moral sensitivity or judgment in moral decision-making, as well as criticizing moral theories which advocate or rest upon general principles. It has not yet been demonstrated that particularism constitutes an importantly controversial position in moral philosophy.

The Role of Empathy in Justice Sensitivity

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Isabella Polito
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Moral Decision ◽  
Moral Decision Making ◽  
Justice Sensitivity ◽  
The Relationship

What role does empathy play in moral decision-making? The present study examined the relationship between several empathy measures and empathy's role in a person's justice sensitivity.

scholarly journals An Appraisal of Robert Brandom's Making it Explicit

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Scott Timcke
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Meaning Making ◽  
Moral Decision ◽  
Moral Decision Making ◽  
Moral Thought ◽  
Robert Brandom ◽  
Magnum Opus

This paper attends to the moral thought of Robert Brandom as it appears in his 1994 magnum opus Making It Explicit. Insofar that it is necessarily to outline Brandom’s thought the presentation will refer to the conception of deontic commitments as providing a basis for inference and entitlements for the purposes of meaning making. Accepting these remarks as sound enough, the paper directs attention at the role of inference in moral-decision making. Finally, it offers an appraisal of Brandom’s moral thought system.

Enhancing Compassion

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Condon ◽  
David DeSteno
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Prosocial Behavior ◽  
Emotional States ◽  
Moral Decision ◽  
Social Psychological ◽  
Moral Decision Making ◽  
Relationship Formation ◽  
Psychological Literature ◽  
Contemplative Science

Historically, social psychologists are known for demonstrating the power of situations to reduce compassionate impulses and prosocial behavior. The simple presence of other people, for example, can decrease the rates at which people act to help others. Yet more recent findings also point to the power of situations to evoke other-oriented emotional states that increase intentions and actions to help others and build relationships. In this chapter, we review the current social psychological literature on compassion and its role in shaping moral decision-making and relationship formation. We then turn to the burgeoning field of contemplative science and demonstrate the role of meditation practices in shaping prosocial character. In the end, this literature suggests that humans are amenable to situational forces that tip the scales in favor of compassionate responding. Moreover, such behaviors can be increased through simple, readily available meditation-based exercises.

scholarly journals Morality and Values in Sports Among Young Athletes: The Role of Sport Type and Parenting Styles – A Pilot Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yosi Yaffe ◽  
Orr Levental ◽  
Dalit Lev Arey ◽  
Assaf Lev
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Parenting Styles ◽  
Team Sport ◽  
Moral Values ◽  
Moral Decision ◽  
Moral Decision Making ◽  
Young Athletes ◽  
Sport Type

Given the great importance of morality and values in modern sports, especially among young athletes, in this pilot study, we sought to broaden the exploration of the factors that may play role in these contexts, which have not been widely researched to date. Accordingly, the study tested the relationships between sport type (team or individual) and parenting styles (authoritative vs. non-authoritative), and moral decision-making in sport and sport values among 110 adolescent athletes whose age ranges from 11 to 22 (M = 16.04, SD = 2.86). The findings indicated that participants with authoritative parents, as compared to those with non-authoritative parents, are significantly less accepting of cheating in sport, while they also tend more to keep winning in proportion and hold significantly stronger moral values toward sports. Moreover, participants whose main sport is a team sport type tend to accept more cheating and gamesmanship than participants whose main sport is an individualistic sport type. While no differences were recorded between these groups in moral values, team athletes tend to value status in sport more than individual athletes, while the latter tend to value competence regarding their sport. The implications of the findings are discussed in light of no interaction between the effects of parenting styles and sport type on moral and sport values.

Moral Emotion and Intuition in Organizations

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Armin Pircher Verdorfer ◽  
Martin Fladerer ◽  
Clarissa Zwarg
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Ethical Decision Making ◽  
Cultural Influences ◽  
Moral Emotions ◽  
Moral Intuition ◽  
Moral Foundations ◽  
Moral Decision ◽  
Moral Decision Making ◽  
Moral Intuitions

While traditional approaches have described ethical decision-making in organizations mainly as being the result of rational deliberative thought, a steadily growing body of research indicates that moral decision-making is strongly influenced by moral intuitions and emotions. The moral intuition approach typically has two aspects: the process through which moral intuitions emerge and their content. With regard to the process, moral intuitions represent fast, automatic, evaluative reactions that are emotionally charged. An important tenet of moral intuition research refers to the primacy of intuition—the notion that moral intuitions generally drive moral decision-making. Accordingly, moral intuitions are described as starting points for rational reflection processes that follow later. On this basis, it has also been argued that the interplay of moral intuition and deliberation is malleable. Specifically, the well-formed moral intuitions of experts are thought to differ from the naive moral intuitions of novices. With increasing experience and reflection about the moral issues in one’s experiences, deliberation increasingly enables individuals to shift between intuitions and reasoning and to monitor, test, weigh, and reject both intuitions and reasons. The content of moral intuition refers to the foundations of morality, which are the underlying moral domain, specifying what individuals view as morally right or wrong. The most commonly referenced account in this field, Moral Foundations Theory (MFT), argues that moral intuitions are a function of evolutionarily developed, innate predispositions to master multiple social problems that interact with social and cultural influences. These predispositions, or moral foundations, include care, fairness, loyalty, authority, and sanctity. While empirical work on the role of moral intuition in organizations is still at an early stage, several areas have been identified that may particularly benefit from integrating moral intuition process and content. For instance, the moral intuition perspective can aid the understanding and prevention of processes through which unethical behaviors and practices, such as corruption, may be justified and normalized in organizations. Furthermore, the moral intuition perspective is increasingly used to study the moral leadership process, most notably the link between leader moral foundations and moral leader behaviors, as well as the role of (mis)fit between leader and follower moral foundations. Moral emotions are an inherent element of the moral intuition process and refer to the welfare of others and the promotion of a functioning society. It is thought that individuals experience moral emotions when they or others have violated moral standards. These emotions build the motivational force for moral action and are often placed in five clusters: other‐praising (e.g., gratitude), other‐suffering (e.g., sympathy), other‐condemning (e.g., contempt), self‐condemning (e.g., guilt), and self-approving (e.g., moral pride) moral emotions.

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