Developing intercultural competence of trainee translators

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 168-175
Author(s):  
Leila Mirzoyeva ◽  
Oxana Syurmen
Keyword(s):  
Intercultural Competence ◽  
Cultural Awareness ◽  
Interpersonal Skills ◽  
Communication Strategies ◽  
Target Language ◽  
Source Text ◽  
Preliminary Results ◽  
Special System ◽  
Key Aspects ◽  
Research Show

Intercultural competence is one of the key aspects of a translator / interpreter competence as it contributes to better understanding of the source text and thus, its more ‘ideal’ conveying into the target language. The purpose of this research is to clarify the areas requiring improvement in the process of developing trainee translators’ intercultural competence in the context of Kazakhstani education. Questionnaires for instructors teaching Practical English course and translation courses were used to collect data about the most problematic aspects of to-be translators’ training and cultural awareness of students. The preliminary results of the research show the lack of cultural information at phonetic, intonation and grammar levels, which supposes developing of a special system of exercises and integrating two different pathways represented by theoretical courses such as lingua-cultural studies and practical courses like English for specific professional purposesKeywords: intercultural competence, ELT, translator / interpreter trainin, interpersonal skills, communication strategies

Intercultural Language Teaching: Techniques to Enhance Intercultural Competence in an EFL Classroom

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 184
Author(s):  
Smail BENMOUSSAT ◽  
Nabil Djawad BENMOUSSAT
Keyword(s):  
Intercultural Competence ◽  
Cultural Awareness ◽  
Language Teaching ◽  
Role Playing ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Target Language ◽  
Classroom Teaching ◽  
Teaching Techniques ◽  
Intercultural Learning ◽  
Teaching Language

The acquisition of intercultural competence requires contact with members of the target language in an as active and direct a way as possible. In this article, therefore, a rather selective ‘broad brush’ approach will be adopted, which will attempt to highlight techniques which might be most helpful to teachers involved in intercultural language teaching. In ordinary classroom teaching, attempts can be made with the traditional techniques such as cultural asides, culture capsules, culture assimilators, role playing and classroom decoration. An ensemble of in-class techniques, have been put forward to address cultural behaviour while teaching language skills, that is, to link ‘the teaching of language to that of culture’ (Kramsch 1991). The proposed techniques contain practical ideas for developing cultural awareness and cross-cultural understanding. They also provide guidance for teachers on adopting traditional techniques to create activities suitable for intercultural learning. The activities can be done with the minimal of resources, and do not need special artistic expertise on the part of the teacher. The examples offer insights and practical guidance on designing cross-cultural activities.

scholarly journals Developing criticality and critical cultural awareness in modern languages

2020 ◽  
pp. 53-59
Author(s):  
Elinor Parks
Keyword(s):  
Intercultural Competence ◽  
Cultural Awareness ◽  
Intercultural Education ◽  
Target Language ◽  
German Studies ◽  
Doctoral Study ◽  
Modern Language ◽  
Target Culture

The chapter reports on a doctoral study exploring the complexity behind the separation of language and content within modern language degree programmes, placing particular focus on implications for students’ development of criticality (Barnett, 1997) and intercultural competence (Byram, 1997). The study investigated implications of the division as experienced by German studies staff and students in two American and two British universities. The findings suggest that students who are prompted to critically reflect upon both the target language and the target culture have greater opportunities to develop into ‘good’ interculturalists in line with the view that students require an ‘intercultural education’ in order to maximise the benefits (Holmes, Bavieri, & Ganassin, 2015).

AN ANALYSIS OF EXPLICITATION IN THE NOVEL PEMBUNUHAN DI MALAM NATAL

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Aswarini Sentana
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Method ◽  
English Language ◽  
Relevance Theory ◽  
Target Language ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Source Text ◽  
Implicit Information ◽  
Linguistic Research ◽  
Library Research ◽  
Research Show

This is a linguistic research of translation which presents an analysis of explicitation in the novel entitled Pembunuhan di Malam Natal which is the Indonesian translation of Agatha Christie’s Hercule Poirot’s Christmas. The purposes of this research are: (1) to find out what types of explicitation occurred in the novel Pembunuhan di Malam Natal and (2) to find out what the reasons of the explicitations. The method used in this researcher is a qualitative method through library research. The researcher takes the first 50 data of explicitation found in the translation and analyzes them using the concept of explicitation by Murtisari (2013) which is based on the Relevance Theory. In identifying the reasons of explicitation, the researcher uses the theory by Larson (1984). The results of this research show that the types of explicitation found in the novel Pembunuhan di Malam Natal are scalar and categorical explicitation. Whereas, the reasons of explicitation identified are the necessity for correct and clear expression of the source meaning, the needed for naturalness of style or to create the same emotive effect as the source text, and to explicate the truly implicit information in the source text. There is no explicitation due to the requirement for the grammar of the target language is because of the fact that English language has more specific grammar rule, i.e., tenses than Indonesian language’s rule. Thus it can be concluded that what occurs in case of grammar between the source text and the target text is instead implicitation, not explicitation.

The Analysis of Translation of Live Metaphors in Japanese Novel Haru No Yuki

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 115
Author(s):  
Melati Desa
Keyword(s):  
Creative Writing ◽  
Target Language ◽  
Source Text ◽  
Language And Culture ◽  
Full Load ◽  
Abstract Language ◽  
The Way

ABSTRACT   : Language and culture influences each other and its effect is reflected in not only the way humans think, but could also be seen in a full load of figurative elements in creative writing, such as metaphors. Thus, the report examines the aspects of the transfer of meaning in the live metaphors in Haru No Yuki, literary Japanese texts written by Yukio Mishima (1925 – 1970) translated to Malay by Muhammad Haji Salleh (1993) as Salju Musim Bunga published by Penataran Ilmu. This report studies on the equivalence of the meaning of translated live metaphors from the source text to the target text. From the study of the equivalence of meaning can be evaluated that, if there is any type of losses of meaning in form of under translation, over translation or wrong translation. The retention of live metaphors in the target text produced an ideal translation. Universal live metaphors maintained by the translator, this approach produced an ideal translation in form of meaning and accepted by the culture and speakers of the target language. The conclusion of this report shows that, one of the factors in producing quality translations is to understand the elements of the original cultural metaphors contained in the source text. Keywords: live metaphor, personification, ideal translation, equivalence of meaning ABSTRAK         : Bahasa dan budaya saling mempengaruhi dan kesannya dapat dilihat bukan sahaja dalam cara manusia berpikir malah dalam penulisan kreatif yang memuatkan unsur figuratif, metafora misalnya. Justeru, kajian ini meneliti aspek pemindahan makna dalam terjemahan metafora hidup dan personifikasi yang terdapat dalam teks kesusasteraan Jepun, Haru No Yuki hasil penulisan Yukio Mishima (1925 – 1970) diterjemahkan oleh Muhammad Haji Salleh (1993) menjadi Salju Musim Bunga (SMB) terbitan Penataran Ilmu. Kertas kerja ini mengkaji keselarasan makna terjemahan metafora hidup dan personifikasi daripada teks sumber kepada teks sasaran. Daripada kajian keselarasan makna dapat dinilai sama ada berlaku peleburan makna metafora apabila terhasilnya terjemahan kurang, terjemahan lebih atau terjemahan salah. Kaedah pengekalan metafora hidup dalam teks sasaran didapati menghasilkan terjemahan ideal. Metafora hidup yang bersifat universal dikekalkan oleh penterjemah, pendekatan ini menghasilkan terjemahan ideal dari sudut makna dan diterima oleh budaya dan penutur bahasa sasaran. Sebagai kesimpulan, kajian ini menunjukkan bahawa, salah satu faktor dalam usaha untuk menghasilkan terjemahan bermutu adalah dengan memahami unsur metafora budaya asal teks sumber.   Kata kunci : metafora hidup, personifikasi, terjemahan ideal, persamaan makna

Cultural Functions of Translation: Sustainable Development in the Context of Globalization

2011 ◽  
Vol 347-353 ◽  
pp. 426-430
Author(s):  
Da Lai Wang
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Target Language ◽  
Mutual Understanding ◽  
Cultural Communication ◽  
Source Text ◽  
Cultural Information ◽  
Foreign Culture ◽  
Cultural Functions ◽  
Different Cultures ◽  
Target Culture

This paper aims to account for sustainable development of different cultures in the context of globalization from the perspective of cultural functions of translation, which wield enormous power in constructing representations of the foreign culture and have far reaching effects in the target culture. According to cultural communication of translation, the major task of translation is to turn the cultural information in one language into another. Therefore, in the process of translating, the translator should try his utmost to allow his target language reader to acquire cultural information of the source text in order to promote mutual understanding between Western people and Eastern people and make different cultures co-exist peacefully and achieve sustainable development.

scholarly journals Translating Connotative Meaning in the Translation of the Holy Quran: Problems and Solutions

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
AWEJ for Translation & Literary Studies ◽  
Noureldin Mohamed Abdelaal
Keyword(s):  
Target Language ◽  
Source Text ◽  
Connotative Meaning ◽  
Expressive Meaning ◽  
Semantic Complexity ◽  
Holy Quran ◽  
Problems And Solutions ◽  
The Holy Quran ◽  
Different Cultures ◽  
Equivalence Problems

Connotative meaning is one of the most challenging aspects in translation, especially between two different cultures such as English and Arabic. The problem is more aggravated when the translation occurs from a sacred and sophisticated text such as the Holy Quran. As a result, losses in translation occur. This study, therefore, is an attempt to identify the losses in the translation of connotative meaning in the Holy Quran, propose strategies to reduce such losses, and identify the causes of such losses. For this purpose, seven examples were extracted from the Holy Quran and were qualitatively analysed. The analysis of the extracted data revealed that connotative meaning was quite challenging in translation and losses occurred. These problems in preserving the connotative meaning of the source text (ST) word or playing it down are due to two main causes: the first cause is the lack of equivalence, while the second one is the translator’s failure to pick the most appropriate equivalent. Non-equivalence problems were mainly represented in lack of lexicalization, semantic complexity, culturally-bound terms, difference in expressive meaning, and difference in distinction of meaning between the source language (SL) and the target language (TL). Some strategies were suggested to reduce such loss in the translation of connotative meaning. These strategies include footnoting, transliteration, periphrastic translation, and accuracy of selecting the proper equivalent that can be achieved by triangulation procedures such as peer-checking and expert-checking.

scholarly journals THE USE OF MODAL VERBS IN ENGLISH LEGAL TEXTS AND THEIR SERBIAN EQUIVALENTS

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 73-96
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Erić-Bukarica
Keyword(s):  
Target Language ◽  
Occurrence Rate ◽  
Frequency Of Occurrence ◽  
Source Text ◽  
English Version ◽  
Modal Verbs ◽  
Rights Of The Child ◽  
Legal Texts ◽  
Modal Verb ◽  
Similarities And Differences

The aim of this paper is to examine and describe similarities and differences in the use and distribution of modal verbs by contrasting English and Serbian legal texts. The corpus consists of an English version of The Convention on the Rights of the Child and its official Serbian translation. We started from an assumption that modal verbs are more frequent in legal texts in English than in Serbian, where we expected to find examples of lexical items with modal meanings instead. In addition, we assumed that due to its specific use in legal texts of this kind, the English modal ‘shall’ will show the highest frequency of occurrence. A total of one hundred and twenty six (126) modal verbs and a semi-modal ‘need not’ were found in the source text. The results of the analysis support the initial presumption that ‘shall’ will stand out as the most frequent of all modal verbs (60% of all occurrences). Despite the high occurrence rate of the legalistic ‘shall’ in the source text, translation solutions in the target language only rarely take the form of the modal verb. Most often deontic notions of imperative directness and necessity in Serbian legislative writings are expressed by means of the present indicative. The analysis also indicates that translation solutions for the remaining English modal verbs most often take the form of a modal verb or a modal lexeme with a corresponding meaning in Serbian.

scholarly journals Discovering the Other through the Translation of Idiomatic Expressions by Idiomatic Equivalents: The Case of Arabic into French

2021 ◽  
pp. 238-256
Author(s):  
Amal Arrame
Keyword(s):  
Arabic Language ◽  
The Other ◽  
Target Language ◽  
Original Version ◽  
Source Text ◽  
Mental Processes ◽  
Source Language ◽  
Communication Situation ◽  
Idiomatic Expressions

Translation is not simple transpositions operations or transcoding processes from one language to another, it involves complex mental processes where linguistics alone cannot be sufficient. It is a communication situation between two languages, Arabic and French in this case, where the objective of the translator is the transmission of his final product in a clear way, respecting the meaning and the author intention of the original version. Translation of phrases is a real dilemma for translators; however, it turns out that it is a necessity in order to discover the other, and to try to keep the same effect as the source text by giving it a stylistic touch typical to the target language. To this end, we have carefully chosen the corpus that we have translated. A corpus that reflects the originality of the Arabic language and the possibility of reducing the linguistic, cultural and discursive gaps between Arabic and French through translation. The translation processes we have chosen, take into account the target language, French in this case, its idioms, phrases and proverbs inventory, its particularity and, finally, its ability to comprehend the idea contained in the idioms of the source language.

scholarly journals HUMOR IN «BROOKLYN 9-9» SERIES. TRANSLATION ASPECT

2019 ◽  
pp. 184-191
Author(s):  
V. V. Konkulovskyy Konkulovskyy ◽  
V. V. Panchenko ◽  
V. V. Savchyshyn
Keyword(s):  
Human Nature ◽  
Speech Acts ◽  
Target Language ◽  
Source Text ◽  
Lexical Semantic ◽  
Black Humor

The article outlines the peculiarities of humor of the original cinematic texts in «Brooklyn 9-9» series and their translation, as well as analyzes the most typical errors and causes of their occurrence. The «Brooklyn 9-9» series is full of jokes that can be classified as dark or so-called black humor. In the cinematic discourse films filled with such kind of humor are called black comedies. The latter is well-deservedly considered to be one of the most difficult genres of cinema. It is iconic for black comedies to incorporate jokes about different sacred things, such as race, human nature, diseases, funerals, disabilities, death, values and desires whilst this kind of humor is usually forbidden in a more formal setting. When working with cinematic text containing elements of black humor, a translator faces a serious number of problems and tasks. To render a source text into a target language adequately, it is important to identify the genre-stylistic dominant of the cinematic text, and to reproduce story-forming speech acts in different contexts. For black comedy cinematic texts chronotopic, characterological, compositional and lexical-semantic contexts will be relevant. According to these, the examples of black humor and puns in «Brooklyn 9-9» series were analyzed.

scholarly journals Communicative Competence of the Saudi Learners of English at the Faculty of Languages and Translation, King Khalid University

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 446
Author(s):  
Rafiq Ali Mohamed Al-Shamiry
Keyword(s):  
Risk Taking ◽  
Communication Strategies ◽  
First Language ◽  
Target Language ◽  
Spoken English ◽  
Saudi Students ◽  
Communication Breakdown ◽  
English Classes ◽  
Language Communication ◽  
Students First

Saudi students of English at the tertiary level King Khalid University, encounter so many difficulties in real communicative situations due to the influence of the traditional methods of teaching English at the intermediate and secondary schools. The researcher conducted a questionnaire consists of eight questions in order to find out the main difficulties of the learners. The sample of the pilot study was ten students and the actual population of the study was ninety students from level four and eight. The learners' responses indicate that they lack the needed skills of communication strategies which usually lead to communication breakdown. For example, they change the topic when they feel there are some gaps in their speech. This literally means that students resort to risk-avoiding instead of risk-taking. The findings of the study point out the extent to which the Saudi students' first language influences their tendency of using some of the target language communication strategies. It is recommended that the linguistic competence should be taught implicitly whereas the functional competence should be taught explicitly during spoken English classes which may compensate for their lack of exposure to the target language.

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