Root-based Responses of Well-watered and Water-stressed Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) Genotypes Varying for Drought Tolerance and Biomass 

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hayati Akman
Keyword(s):  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Cicer Arietinum ◽  
Root Biomass ◽  
Root Traits ◽  
Grain Legume ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Cicer Arietinum L ◽  
Legume Crop ◽  
Drought Tolerant ◽  
Adaptation Mechanisms

Background: Chickpea is a pivotal grain legume crop and is grown in rain-fed conditions where its production has been challenged by drought. Methods: To understand precisely the root-based responses to well-watered (WW) and water-stressed (WS) treatments, 14 chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) genotypes differing in drought tolerance and biomass were studied in 100-cm cylinders under glasshouse conditions. Result: The genotypes exhibited significant variations in rooting depths ranging from 84.5 to 100.3 cm and 78.7 to 121 cm in WW and WS treatments, respectively and root biomasses varied from 0.23 to 1.01 g and 0.38 to 0.91 g. The average root biomass of drought-tolerant genotypes was 61.3% in WS treatment and 64.4% in WW treatment higher than that of drought-sensitive genotypes. Moreover, genotype with high biomass revealed greater root biomass and deeper rooting than the genotype with low biomass in both treatments. The root biomass in the deeper soil profile differed between drought-tolerant and drought-sensitive genotypes and was generally greater in WS compared to WW treatment. Overall, screening the variability in root features of chickpea genotypes with varying levels of drought tolerance and biomass contributes to new insights for understanding drought adaptation mechanisms and the improvement of new cultivars with superior root traits in breeding programs. 

Characterisation of genetic diversity and DNA fingerprinting of Australian chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) cultivars using MFLP markers

2008 ◽  
Vol 59 (8) ◽  
pp. 707 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Lin ◽  
H. Yang ◽  
T. N. Khan ◽  
K. H. M. Siddique ◽  
G. Yan
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Cicer Arietinum ◽  
Dna Markers ◽  
Fragment Length Polymorphism ◽  
Grain Legume ◽  
Dna Fingerprints ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Cicer Arietinum L ◽  
The World ◽  
Chickpea Cultivars

Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) is one of the major grain legume crops in the world. In this study, the genetic diversity of 24 Australian chickpea cultivars released between 1987 and 2005 was investigated with microsatellite-anchored fragment length polymorphism (MFLP) DNA markers. Among the cultivars examined, 30 cultivar-specific markers were identified and all were unequivocally identified using the DNA fingerprints developed in this study. Most of the cultivars were grouped into two major clusters; cv. Flipper was separated from the rest based on total character differences of DNA polymorphism. The MFLP approach proved suitable in the analysis of genetic diversity among the chickpea cultivars studied and the genetic relationship identified will be useful for chickpea breeding programs in selecting parent materials.

Evaluation of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.) germplasm lines for tolerance to drought

2012 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 171-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian A. Fatokun ◽  
Ousmane Boukar ◽  
Satoru Muranaka
Keyword(s):  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Grain Legume ◽  
International Institute ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Germplasm Collections ◽  
Legume Crop ◽  
Drought Tolerant ◽  
Cowpea Varieties ◽  
Sub Saharan

Cowpea is an important grain legume crop in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) where, on a worldwide basis, the bulk is produced and consumed. The dry savanna area of SSA is where cowpea is mostly grown under rain-fed conditions. The crop is therefore prone to drought which may occur early, mid and/or late in the cropping season. Compared with many other crops, cowpea is drought tolerant, even though drought is still a major constraint limiting its productivity in SSA. Increasing the level of drought tolerance in existing cowpea varieties grown by farmers would enable them to obtain more and stable yield from their cowpea fields. As a first step towards enhancing drought tolerance in existing cowpea varieties, 1288 lines were selected randomly from cowpea germplasm collections maintained at the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, and evaluated for their drought tolerance at Ibadan. Drought was imposed by withdrawal of irrigation from 5 weeks after sowing. On average, drought reduced the number of days to flower by 12 d, and the mean grain yield per plant was also reduced by 67.28%. A few of the cowpea lines stayed green for up to 6 weeks after irrigation was stopped, even though some of these produced no pods when the study was terminated. Further evaluation in the screenhouse of 142 selected drought-tolerant lines helped to identify six lines that could be potential parents for developing breeding lines with enhanced drought tolerance.

Genotypic and Phenotypic Variability for Yield and its Components in Normal and Late Sown Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
D Yücel
Keyword(s):  
Cicer Arietinum ◽  
Phenotypic Variability ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Cicer Arietinum L ◽  
Drought Tolerant ◽  
Coefficients Of Variation ◽  
Late Sowing

Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) is one of the important legumes widely grown for dietary proteins in semi-arid Mediterranean climatic conditions. The main goal of any breeding programs in the world is to produce high yield and better quality genotypes for farmers and commercial growers to be released as cultivars. Present research has been conducted to select more desirable characteristics that may contribute to the improvement of drought tolerant chickpea. Thirty-two chickpea genotypes along with two control varieties were evaluated in winter and late sowing conditions in 2015 and 2016, in randomized complete block design with three replications. Phenotypic coefficients of variation were found to be higher than genotypic coefficients of variation for all the traits. The highest heritability along with high genetic advance was found for hundred seed weight followed by podding day, plant height, flowering day and first pod height in normal and stress conditions. These traits can be improved by giving special attention during selection.

scholarly journals Drought Stress in Grain Legumes: Effects, Tolerance Mechanisms and Management

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 2374
Author(s):  
Marium Khatun ◽  
Sumi Sarkar ◽  
Farzana Mustafa Era ◽  
A. K. M. Mominul Islam ◽  
Md. Parvez Anwar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Association Studies ◽  
Stomatal Closure ◽  
Grain Legumes ◽  
Grain Legume ◽  
Developmental Cycle ◽  
Genome Wide Association Studies ◽  
Tolerance Mechanisms ◽  
Drought Tolerant

Grain legumes are important sources of proteins, essential micronutrients and vitamins and for human nutrition. Climate change, including drought, is a severe threat to grain legume production throughout the world. In this review, the morpho-physiological, physio-biochemical and molecular levels of drought stress in legumes are described. Moreover, different tolerance mechanisms, such as the morphological, physio-biochemical and molecular mechanisms of legumes, are also reviewed. Moreover, various management approaches for mitigating the drought stress effects in grain legumes are assessed. Reduced leaf area, shoot and root growth, chlorophyll content, stomatal conductance, CO2 influx, nutrient uptake and translocation, and water-use efficiency (WUE) ultimately affect legume yields. The yield loss of grain legumes varies from species to species, even variety to variety within a species, depending upon the severity of drought stress and several other factors, such as phenology, soil textures and agro-climatic conditions. Closure of stomata leads to an increase in leaf temperature by reducing the transpiration rate, and, so, the legume plant faces another stress under drought stress. The biosynthesis of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is the most detrimental effect of drought stress. Legumes can adapt to the drought stress by changing their morphology, physiology and molecular mechanism. Improved root system architecture (RSA), reduced number and size of leaves, stress-induced phytohormone, stomatal closure, antioxidant defense system, solute accumulation (e.g., proline) and altered gene expression play a crucial role in drought tolerance. Several agronomic, breeding both conventional and molecular, biotechnological approaches are used as management practices for developing a drought-tolerant legume without affecting crop yield. Exogenous application of plant-growth regulators (PGRs), osmoprotectants and inoculation by Rhizobacteria and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi promotes drought tolerance in legumes. Genome-wide association studies (GWASs), genomic selection (GS), marker-assisted selection (MAS), OMICS-based technology and CRISPR/Cas9 make the breeding work easy and save time in the developmental cycle to get resistant legumes. Several drought-resistant grain legumes, such as the chickpea, faba bean, common bean and pigeon pea, were developed by different institutions. Drought-tolerant transgenic legumes, for example, chickpeas, are developed by introgressing desired genes through breeding and biotechnological approaches. Several quantitative trait loci (QTLs), candidate genes occupying drought-tolerant traits, are identified from a variety of grain legumes, but not all are under proper implementation. Hence, more research should be conducted to improve the drought-tolerant traits of grain legumes for avoiding losses during drought.

Inheritance of Drought Tolerance in Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) Using Joint Scaling Test

2008 ◽  
Vol 8 (21) ◽  
pp. 3931-3937 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Farshadfar ◽  
S.H. Sabaghpour ◽  
N. Khaksar
Keyword(s):  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Cicer Arietinum ◽  
Cicer Arietinum L

scholarly journals Genotypic response of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) cultivars to drought stress implemented at pre- and post-anthesis stages and its relations with nutrient uptake and efficiency 

2011 ◽  
Vol 52 (No. 8) ◽  
pp. 368-376 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Gunes ◽  
N. Cicek ◽  
A. Inal ◽  
M. Alpaslan ◽  
F. Eraslan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Nutrient Uptake ◽  
Cicer Arietinum ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Growth Reduction ◽  
Cicer Arietinum L ◽  
Uptake Efficiency ◽  
Drought Tolerant ◽  
B Uptake ◽  
Chickpea Cultivars

Uptake of mineral nutrients in chickpea cultivars might be an important response in drought tolerance. An experiment under controlled conditions was carried out to study the genotypic response of 11 chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) cultivars to drought and its relations with N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Zn, Mn and B uptake and uptake efficiency. Plants were grown either optimal or drought stress implemented at pre- (early drought stress, EDS) and post-anthesis (late drought stress, LDS) stages. Growth reduction of the cultivars as a response to drought significantly differed. The results of the study indicated that EDS had less detrimental effects on growth and nutrient uptake than LDS conditions. In general, drought tolerant chickpea cultivars accumulated more N, P, K, Ca, Zn, Mn and B in both drought stress treatments except for Zn and Mn uptake in LDS treatment. The total nutrient uptake efficiency of the cultivars were also very significantly correlated with the growth reduction ration (GR) both in EDS and LDS treatments giving correlation coefficients (r) of –7859 and –0.7678, p < 0.01, respectively.

scholarly journals Genomics and Physiological Approaches for Root Trait Breeding to Improve Drought Tolerance in Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)

Root Genomics ◽  
2010 ◽  
pp. 233-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajeev K. Varshney ◽  
Lekha Pazhamala ◽  
Junichi Kashiwagi ◽  
Pooran M. Gaur ◽  
L. Krishnamurthy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Cicer Arietinum ◽  
Root Trait ◽  
Cicer Arietinum L

scholarly journals Genetic Divergence in Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)

2012 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-136
Author(s):  
MA Syed ◽  
MR Islam ◽  
MS Hossain ◽  
MM Alam ◽  
MN Amin
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Cicer Arietinum ◽  
Genetic Divergence ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Cicer Arietinum L ◽  
Cluster Distance ◽  
High Yielding Varieties

Genetic diversity of 27 chickpea genotypes was studied through Mahalanobis D2 and Principal Component analysis. The genotypes under study fall into five clusters. The cluster II contained the highest number of genotypes (11) and Cluster I contained the lowest. Cluster I produced the highest mean value for number of pods per plant. The inter cluster distances were much higher than the intra cluster distances. Cluster V exhibited the highest intra cluster distance while the lowest distance was observed in cluster I. The highest inter cluster distance was observed between cluster I and II while the lowest was between cluster III and V. Considering all the characters, it was suggested that the genotypes BD6549, BD6603, and BD6548 could used as parents for future breeding programs to develop high yielding varieties of chickpea. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v37i1.11184 Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 37(1): 129-136, March 2012  

scholarly journals Scope for improvement of yield under drought through the root traits in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)

2015 ◽  
Vol 170 ◽  
pp. 47-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Kashiwagi ◽  
L. Krishnamurthy ◽  
R. Purushothaman ◽  
H.D. Upadhyaya ◽  
P.M. Gaur ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cicer Arietinum ◽  
Root Traits ◽  
Cicer Arietinum L

scholarly journals Recent breeding programs enhanced genetic diversity in both desi and kabuli varieties of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahendar Thudi ◽  
Annapurna Chitikineni ◽  
Xin Liu ◽  
Weiming He ◽  
Manish Roorkiwal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Cicer Arietinum ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Cicer Arietinum L
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