​Efficacy of Biopesticides against Pod Bug, Clavigralla gibbosa Spinola (Heteroptera; Coreidae) in Pigeonpea

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
B.R. Chethan ◽  
V. Rachappa ◽  
S.G. Hanchinal ◽  
Harischandra R. Naik ◽  
S.R. Doddagoudar
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Beauveria Bassiana ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Metarhizium Anisopliae ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Effective Management ◽  
Lecanicillium Lecanii ◽  
Chemical Residues ◽  
Grain Damage

Background: Pigeonpea is the major pulse crop of India. In reproductive stage pigeonpea is exposed to biotic pests causing damage to flowers, pods and grains. Pod bugs, Clavigralla gibbosa Spinola are one of the major biotic constraints in reducing productivity of pigeonpea. Nymphs and adults suck the sap from pods and cause loss of seed yield. Chemical residues will remain in the grains affecting health of the consumer. Eco-friendly molecules are best alternatives to manage pod bugs. Methods: Efficacy test of biopesticides viz., Lecanicillium lecanii, Beauveria bassiana, Metarhizium anisopliae, NSKE 5%, Neemazol 1% and Sasyarakshak against C. gibbosa was conducted in pigeonpea during Kharif 2017-18 and 2018-19 at Agricultural Research Station, Kalaburagi, Karnataka, India under field conditions with seven treatments including control in three replications. Two sprays were taken at tender pod stage and population was recorded. Pod damage and grain damage was assessed at harvest. Result: NSKE 5% was superior in reducing pod bug population, pod damage and grain damage followed by L. lecanii and neemazol 1%. M. anisopliae was found to be ineffective in reducing the population, pod damage and grain damage. The average grain yield of 1229.10 kg/ha was highest in NSKE 5% followed by L. lecanii (1223.48 kg/ha) and neemazol 1% (1199.53 kg/ha). The B:C was 2.45 in NSKE 5% and 2.43 in L. lecanii were higher than other treatments. Therefore, these two biopesticides can be used for effective management of pod bug in pigeonpea.

scholarly journals Management of Pod fly, Melanagromyza obtusa on Pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan L.)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Sreekanth ◽  
M. Seshamahalakshmi ◽  
M. V. Ramana
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Benefit Ratio ◽  
Grain Damage ◽  
Cost Benefit Ratio

Background: Pod fly, Melanagromyza obtusa is one of the most obnoxious pest causing grain damage ranging from 10-80% with a monitory loss of US$ 256 million annually. Being an internal feeder, infested pods do not show any external symptoms of damage until the fully grown maggots chew the pod wall, leaving a thin papery membrane intact called as window, through which adults exit from the pod. Several field studies were conducted to determine the efficacy of insecticides for the control of pod fly. However, these findings did not find acceptability and led to partial success. Insecticides that should leave lesser residues and pose lesser environmental threat have become imperative. The present study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of certain new insecticide molecules against pod fly in pigeonpea ecosystem. Methods: Two field experiments were conducted at Regional Agricultural Research Station, Lam, Guntur during Kharif, 2012 and 2013 in a randomized block design (RBD) using pigeonpea cv. ICPL 85063 (Lakshmi) with 17 treatments including untreated control and 3 replications. Two sprays were given at 10 days interval starting from pod initiation stage. At maturity, number of pods showing pod fly damage were recorded and expressed as percentage. Grain yield was recorded and cost–benefit ratio was worked out. Result: Among different insecticides, thiacloprid 21.7 SC, followed by diafenthiuron 50 WP, flubendiamide 480 SC and dimethoate 30 EC were very effective against pod fly with more grain yield and registered highest incremental cost benefit ratio (ICBR). It was further suggested that effective insecticides may be alternated in order to avoid development of resistance to pod fly in pigeonpea.

scholarly journals G x E Interaction and path analysis for yield and its attributing traits in advanced genotypes of pigeonpea [Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.]

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 616-621
Author(s):  
Ramesh Ramesh ◽  
S. Muniswamy ◽  
Yamanura Yamanura ◽  
Bharathi Bharathi
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Path Analysis ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Flower Initiation ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Days To Maturity ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Positive Direct

The present investigation was carried out during kharif-2012, 2013 and 2014 under rain fed condition at the Agricultural Research Station, Kalaburagi located in north eastern dry zone (Zone 2) of Karnataka, to know the stability and path analysis of the twenty genotypes of pigeonpea including check WRP-1. Highly significant differences among genotypes were observed for all the characters except primary branches. Environmental + (Genotype × Environment) interaction was significant for days to maturity, primary branch, pod bearing length, and seed yield per plant. The variance due to pooled deviation was highly significant for all the characters except for primary branches, pod length and number of seeds per pod which reflect the presence of sufficient genetic variability in the material. Out of 20 genotypes studied, RVK-275 (X=38.713, bi=1.7 and S2di = -9.67) and AKT-9913 (X =43.397, bi=2.86 and S2di= -7.42) were found to be a stable for seed yield and test weight, across the environments with good stability under rain fed conditions compared to local check. Path analysis revealed that days to flower initiation (3.942 and 1.123), days to maturity (1.493 and 0.960), primary branches (0.667 and 0.045), pod bearing length (1.153 and 0.394), number of pods per plant (0.661 and 0.463) and 100 seed weight (0.352 and 0.426) had the highest positive direct effect on grain yield both at genotypic and phenotypic level. For maximizing the grain yield per plant emphasis should be given in selection of such characters for further improvement in pigeonpea.

scholarly journals Productivity of rainfed mustard in relation to tillage and mulching

1970 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 597-606 ◽  
Author(s):  
NA Mondal ◽  
SMA Hossain ◽  
SU Bhuiya ◽  
M Jahiruddin
Keyword(s):  
Rice Straw ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
Reduced Tillage ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Residual Soil ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Straw Mulch ◽  
Tillage Methods

Field experiments were conducted at the Regional Agricultural Research Station of Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Jessore during rabi (winter) seasons of 1999-2001 to study the tillage and mulching effects on conservation of residual soil moisture, yield attributes and yield of mustard (cv. Daulat.). Three different tillage methods, namely minimum, reduced and conventional tillage were used in the main plots and three different mulch materials, namely rice straw, water hyacinth, black polythene including no mulch were used in the sup-plots. It was observed that reduced tillage and polythene mulch or rice straw mulch conserve more moisture than other tillage methods and mulch application. Tillage practice significantly influenced the dry matter, yield and yield components of mustard. Reduced tillage gave consistently the highest seed yield (969 kg/ha), while minimum tillage gave the lowest seed yield (92 kg/ha). Mulching also resulted in better crop growth and increased yield. Significantly higher seed yield (1164 kg/ha) was recorded from black polythene mulch followed by rice straw mulch (1089 kg/ha). The yield of mustard was obtained due to the interaction effects on reduced tillage and polythene mulch followed by conventional tillage and polythene mulch, which was found superior to all other treatments. Results revealed that polythene mulch or rice straw mulch accompanied by reduced tillage was economically profitable for mustard cultivation/production under rainfed condition. Key Words: Rainfed mustard, tillage, mulching. doi: 10.3329/bjar.v33i4.2303 Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 33(4) : 597-606, December 2008

scholarly journals ESTIMATION OF SOME GENETIC PRAMETERS IN DURUM WHEAT

2017 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Almajidy & et al.
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Selection Index ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Genetic Progress ◽  
Environmental Variance ◽  
High Heritability

To estimate genetic parameters and heritability in durum wheat (Triticum turgidum var. durum) genotypes, seventeen genotypes (16 exotic from ICARDA and local variety (Buhooth 7)) were included in this study. This experiment was conducted using a randomized complete block design with three replications at Field Crops Research Station, Abu-Graib, Office of Agricultural Research, during 2011-2012 and 2012-2013. The results revealed significant differences among genotypes for the studied characters at both seasons. The best genetic/environmental variance ratio attained for spike length (11.90) and no. of spikes. m-2 (9.22) in the first season, and grain yield (8.82) then harvest index (4.87) in the second season. High GCV observed for grain yield (15.68), no. of spikes. m-2 (15.18) in the first season, and harvest index (16.89) and grain yield (14.22) in the second season. High heritability estimates associated with high genetic advance for no. of spikes. m-2, in the first season. While, moderate h2bs estimates associated with high GA for same trait in the second season. Expected response to selection ranged from 0.93 to 84.6, also selection index ranged from 1.23 to 106.44 for grain yield and number of spikes. m-2, respectively in the first season also the same pattern was observed for value of second season. Characteristics like no. of spikes. m-2, plant height, no. of grains. Spike-1 and grain weight showed high heritability coupled with high genetic progress. Therefore, these characters should be given top priority during selection breeding in durum wheat.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Wheat Genotypes in Far Western Hills of Nepal

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 417-422
Author(s):  
Hari Kumar Prasai ◽  
Jiban Shrestha
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Treatment Effect ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Combined Analysis ◽  
Wheat Genotypes ◽  
Yield Trial ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Year 2013

Coordinated Varietal Trial (CVT) and Advanced Varietal Trial (AVT) of wheat were conducted at Regional Agricultural Research Station,Doti during the year 2012 and 2013. Microplot Yield Trial (MPYT) were conducted during the year 2013. Total 20 genotypes were includedin CVT experiment of both years. Although the difference in grain yield due to genotypes was not found significant during the year 2012, NL1144 recorded the highest grain yield (4309 kg/ha) followed by NL 1140 (4295 kg/ha) and NL 1147 (4165 kg/ha) respectively. But in the year2013, NL 1097 produced the highest grain yield (4641 kg/ha) followed by NL 1135 (4383 kg/ha) and NL 1164 (4283 kg/ha) respectively.Statistically, the difference in grain yield due to genotypes was not found significant in the year 2013. Combined analysis over years was alsocarried out. Out of 20, only 10 genotypes were included in the CVT experiment, which were found similar in both years. Genotypes NL 1097(4079 kg/ha), NL 1140 (3814 kg/ha) and NL 1093 (3773 kg/ha) were found high yielding genotypes for river basin agro-environment of farwestern hills. Statistically, effect of year in tested characters was found significant whereas treatment effect was observed non-significant.Similarly, 20 genotypes of wheat were included in AVT of wheat during the year 2012 and 2013. Out of the genotypes included in AVT duringthe year 2012, KISKADEE No.1recorded the highest grain yield (3824 kg/ha) followed by CHEWINK No. 1 (3643 kg/ha) and WK 2120 (3583kg/ha). Statistically all the tested characters except grain yield were found significantly different due to genotypes. But in the same experimentof the year 2013, WK 2412 genotype recorded the highest grain yield (4407 kg/ha) followed by WK 2411 (4329 kg/ha) and Munal-1 (4054kg/ha). Statistically the difference in grain yield and other tested characters were found significantly different. Due to dissimilarity in the testedgenotypes we could not carry-out the combined analysis over years. Total 30 genotypes were included in the MPYT experiment of the year2013. Genotype WK 2272 recorded the highest grain yield (6080 kg/ha) followed by the genotypes WK 2274 (5152 kg/ha) and WK 2278(4480 kg/ha) respectively. Statistically, the difference in grain yield and other tested characters were found significantly different due togenotypes.Int J Appl Sci Biotechnol, Vol 3(3): 417-422

↵Genetic Diversity and Principal Component Analysis in Mungbean [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek] under Rainfed Condition

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deepak Gupta ◽  
Suresh Muralia ◽  
N.K. Gupta ◽  
Sunita Gupta ◽  
M.L. Jakhar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
Grain Legume ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Rainfed Condition

Background: Mungbean is a short duration grain legume widely grown in south and Southeast Asia. The extent of variability through Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis in promising mungbean genotypes should be known for possible yield improvement. A study was undertaken to work out the extent of variability among twenty four mungbean genotypes through cluster analysis and Principal Component Analysis (PCA). Methods: The experiment was laid out in a randomized block design with three replications during kharif 2018 and 2019 at the experimental field of Agricultural Research Station, Navgaon (Alwar) under rainfed condition. Result: Principal component analysis revealed that the first three main PCAs amounted 78.80% of the total variation among genotypes for different traits. Out of total principal components, PC1 accounts for maximum variability in the data with respect to succeeding components. Number of branches per plant (28.62%), number of clusters per plant (23.55%) and seed yield (15.58%) showed maximum per cent contribution towards total genetic divergence on pooled basis. Cluster analysis showed that genotypes fall into seven different clusters and their inter and intra cluster distance showed genetic diversity between different genotypes. The maximum number of genotypes i.e., 8 was found in cluster II followed by cluster III comprising of 6 genotypes. Genotypes RMG-1138 and IPM-02-03 representing the mono genotypic cluster signifies that it can be the most diverse variety and it would be the appropriate genotype for hybridization with ones present in other clusters to tailor the agriculturally important traits and ultimately to boost the seed yield in mungbean under rainfed conditions.

Evaluation of Mung Bean Germplasm [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek] for Yield in Transitional Plain of Inland Drainage Zone of Rajasthan, India

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Champa Lal Khatik ◽  
Kailash Chandra ◽  
Mujahid Khan ◽  
Ved praksh ◽  
Hanuman Singh Jatav ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Mung Bean ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Soil Health ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Research Station ◽  
State Farm ◽  
Drainage Zone ◽  
Farm Profitability

Background: Pulses are leguminous crops which not only increase the soil fertility, its fitness and maintain soil health but also essential to meet the nutritional demand of burgeoning human population particularly in developing countries. Mungbean is a major pulse crop of Zone IIa (Transitional Plain of Inland Drainage Zone) of Rajasthan state. Farm profitability can also be enhanced by augmenting farm productivity. Selection of high yielding genotypes may play a vital role to achieve sustainable high agricultural yield at farmer’s field. Therefore, it is prerequisite to identify the suitable genotypes for this zone since the available varieties were not tested for its adaptability. The current study was aimed to evaluate twelve mung bean genotypes for seed yield with four checks in Zone IIa of Rajasthan.Methods: The mung bean crop was raised during Kharif 2018 and 2019 at Agricultural Research Station, Fatehpur- Shekhawati, Sikar (Rajasthan). Seed yield and its ancillary characters have been observed by following standard protocols. Present experiment was conducted in randomized block design with three replications. The material was sown in a four row plot of 4 m length with a spacing of 30 cm between rows and 10 cm between plants.Result: The performance of genotypes RMG 1098, RMG 1132, RMG 1134, RMG 1139 and RMG 1147 were superior to the zonal, state checks and other tested genotypes. The selected high yielding mung bean genotypes can increase farm output per se and farm profitability by sustaining soil health, fitness and productivity of this region.

scholarly journals Effect of Nitrogen Fertilizer and Its Application Efficiency on Two Local Sorghum Cultivars Sorghum bicolor L. Moench

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 236
Author(s):  
Abdulla A. Mohamed Muflahi ◽  
Ahmed Saleh Basuaid
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Sorghum Bicolor ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizer ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Nitrogen Efficiency ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Nitrogen Application ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
Sorghum Bicolor L

A field experiment was carried out at El-Kod Agricultural Research Station, Abyan Delta, Abyan Governorate during the seasons 2014 and 2015 in soil sandy silt to assess four levels of nitrogen fertilizers (0, 55, 110 and 165 kg N/ha) utilizing urea fertilizer (46% N) on some crop characteristics and efficiency of nitrogen application on two local cultivars of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench). Split plot design was applied in four replicates. Fertilizer levels were distributed in main plots whereas, the cultivars in subplots. The results revealed significant differences between cultivars Benny and Saif in all characteristics during the two seasons. Cultivar Benny was significantly superior to cultivar Saif in all crop characteristics, except the length of spike which was significantly superior in Saif cultivar compared to cultivar Benny in both seasons. The increase in nitrogen level led to significant increase in all parameters of crop growth under study in both seasons, where the highest dose of nitrogen (165 kg N/ha) gave highest grain yield (3013 and 3201 kg/ha) in both seasons respectively, while the efficiency of nitrogen utilization declined with increased level of nitrogen application and highest value in nitrogen efficiency (12.78 kg grain/kg N). The interaction between cultivars and nitrogen fertilizer showed significant differences in terms of all studied parameters during both seasons. The cultivar Benny responded to high level of nitrogen (165 kg N/ha) and gave high grain yield (3640 and 3305 kg/ha) in both seasons respectively. The results yielded significant effect for efficiency of nitrogen application on grain yield between the cultivars, the levels of fertilizers and their interaction in the first season whereas, no significant differences were detected in the second season.

scholarly journals Grain Yield and Yield Components of Quality Protein Maize Genotypes as Influenced by Irrigation and Plant Population in the Nigerian Savannah

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 166 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. M. Sani ◽  
I. U. Abubakar ◽  
A. M. Falaki ◽  
H. Mani ◽  
M. M. Jaliya
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Irrigation Scheduling ◽  
Plant Population ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Quality Protein Maize ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Yield And Yield Components

An experiment was conducted to assess the yield and yield components of QPM genotypes to plant population under irrigated conditions in a semi arid ecology of Northern Nigeria. Field trials were conducted at the Irrigation Research Station, Institute for Agricultural Research, Kadawa (11° 39'N, 08° 20'E) and 500 m above sea level) during dry seasons 2007, 2008 and 2009 to study the effect of (Zea mays L.) genotypes (TZE-W Pop X 1368, EV-DT W99 STR and DMR-ESRW), four plant population (33333, 44444, 55555 and 66666 plants ha-1) and three irrigation scheduling (40, 60 and 80 centibars soil moisture tension) on the growth and yield of quality protein maize. A split plot design was used with combinations of genotypes and irrigation regimes assigned to the main plot and plant population assigned to the sub-plot. The treatments were replicated three times. The study revealed that genotype EV-DT W99 STR had significantly higher weight of ears per plant, cob length, cob diameter, number of rows per cob, 100 grain weight, grain yield, shelling percentage and harvest index than the other two genotypes used in the trial. Irrigating at 40 and 60 centibars significantly increased weight of ears per plant, while delayed irrigation significantly depressed total dry matter production. Based on the results obtained in this study, it can be concluded that the use of genotype EV-DT W99 STR, at 60 centibars irrigation scheduling and population of 55,555 plants ha-1 had resulted in good agro-physiological characters of QPM at Kadawa.

scholarly journals Response of Rice Varieties to Age of Seedlings and Transplanting Dates

1970 ◽  
pp. 14-17
Author(s):  
Mishri L Shah ◽  
Rambaran Yadav
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Interaction Effect ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Rice Grain ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Research Journal ◽  
Key Words Age ◽  
Similar Yield

A field experiment was conducted at Regional Agricultural Research Station, Parwanipur in 1998/99 and 1999/00 with an aim to find out the alternate management practices to compensate the loss in the grain yield due to flood. Irrespective of the varieties and transplanting dates, age of seedlings had no effect on grain yield of rice. But transplanting dates had significant effect on grain and grain contributing characters. The yield of rice transplanted at 1 Sept was 25.6 and 37.5% less in 1998/99 and 1999/00 respectively as compared to rice grain yield of 14 July transplanting. Radha 11 registered the highest grain yield of 4086 kg ha-1 in 1999/00 and 2662 kg ha-1 in 1998/99, which was at par to the yield obtained by Sabitri at the same year. The interaction effect of the age of seedlings, transplanting dates and varieties were found significant in both the years. 25 days old seedlings transplanted on 14 July in 1999/00 of rice varieties Masuli and Radha 11, produced statistically the similar yield. Radha 11 was the best among the tested varieties. 25 days old seedlings of Masuli, Basmati, Sabitri and Radha 11 can be recommended to transplant as late as Sept 1 .Key words: Age of seedlings; Rice; Transplanting datesDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/narj.v4i0.4858Nepal Agriculture Research Journal Vol. 4&5, 2001/2002Page: 14-17Uploaded date: 7 June, 2011

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