Lab and Field Level Potential of Endophytic Bacteria in Managing the Dry Root Rot Disease in Black Gram Incited by Rhizoctonia bataticola (Taubenh) Butler 

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Kiran Kumar ◽  
P. Nagamani ◽  
K. Viswanath ◽  
L. Prasanthi
Keyword(s):  
Root Rot ◽  
Protease Activity ◽  
Endophytic Bacteria ◽  
Phosphate Solubilization ◽  
Growth Promotion ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Black Gram ◽  
Rhizoctonia Bataticola

Background: The plant growth promotion and efficacy against phytopathogens by the endophytic bacteria are being focused now due to their ecofriendly nature. Methods: Endophytic bacteria (24 nos) isolated from the roots, stems and leaves of black gram plants collected from different locations were tested for their potential to inhibit the growth of R. bataticola under in vitro and in vivo conditions. Result: The leaf endophyte BLE 4 exhibited maximum inhibition (79.6%) of R. bataticola followed by BSE 4 (77.4%), BSE 7 (77.0%) and BLE 1 (74.0%). Among these 4 isolates tested as seed treatment and soil application, there was significant increase in dry weight (7.1 g), plant height (37.7 cm), number of branches (13.2) and number of pods (26.2) in BLE 4 treated plots. Whereas, the incidence of dry root rot and yield were insignificant. In the screening study of isolates for their phosphate solubilization potential, protease activity, siderophore and HCN production, no single isolate possessed all the properties, but siderophore production, protease activity and phosphate solubilization were found in BSE 4, BRE 3, BRE 5 and BRE 10 isolates. 

scholarly journals ASAI KEMAMPUAN BAKTERI ENDOFIT DARI KACANG TANAH DALAM MENGHAMBAT PERTUMBUHAN Sclerotium sp. PADA KECAMBAH KACANG TANAH

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 178-186
Author(s):  
Lisa Novita Arios ◽  
Dwi Suryanto . ◽  
Kiki Nurtjahja . ◽  
Erman Munir .
Keyword(s):  
Endophytic Bacteria ◽  
Culture Method ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Dual Culture ◽  
Seedling Height ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Peanut Seed ◽  
Number Of Leaves

Assay on ability of endophytic bacteria isolated from peanut to inhibit Sclerotium sp. growth in peanut seedlings.   A study on assay of ability of endophytic bacteria to inhibit Sclerotium sp. in peanut seedling has been done. The bacteria were isolated from peanut healthy plants, while Sclerotium sp. was isolated from infected peanaut plant. Antagonistic assay was conducted by dual culture method.  In vivo assay of inhibiting Sclerotium sp. was conducted by dipping peanut seed in bacterial solution, and planting the seed in soil:compost (3:1) growing media. Six endophytic bacterial isolates showed to inhibit the growth of Sclerotium sp. in vitro. LN1 seemed to inhibit more of Sclerotium sp., while LN5 showed to inhibit less. Two potential isolates LN1 of gram-negative and LN2 of gram-positive using for further study showed to decrease more of dumping off. It also seemed that the isolates increased the seedling height, number of leaves, and dry weight.

scholarly journals Utilizing the combined antifungal potential of Trichoderma spp. and organic amendments against dry root rot of mungbean

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anam Choudhary ◽  
Shabbir Ashraf
Keyword(s):  
Root Rot ◽  
Root Nodules ◽  
Organic Amendments ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Dual Culture ◽  
Trichoderma Spp ◽  
Rhizoctonia Bataticola ◽  
Neem Cake ◽  
Greenhouse Study

AbstractThe present study was carried out to evaluate the effect of bioagents and organic amendments in suppressing the dry root rot of mungbean incited by Rhizoctonia bataticola. The locally isolated pathogen and fungal biocontrol agents were identified based on morphological and molecular characterization. These identified bioagents were tested in vitro, and the highest mycelial inhibition was recorded in dual culture assay by Trichoderma harzianum (74.44%), and among organic amendments, maximum mycelial inhibition was found in neem cake (61.11%). In a greenhouse study, T. harzianum + neem cake effectively enhanced the percent germination (93.33%) and decreased the percent disease mortality (11.67%) than the other treatments. The morphological parameter like plant height (57.50 cm), dry weight (22.83 g) root nodules (51), pods/plant (58), and 100-seed weight (5.78 g) were found to be at the maximum in this combined application. Physiological pigments viz. chlorophyll (2.41 mg/g) and carotenoids (0.19 mg/g), protein content (5.85 mg/g), and leghemoglobin (11.75 mg/g) were also found to be maximum in T. harzianum + neem cake and minimum phenol content (1.41 mg/g). The study concludes that T. harzianum + neem cake can be recommended as an effective approach for the management of dry root rot of mungbean.

Potencial Agronômico de Bactérias Endofíticas de Echinodorus scaber Rataj (macrophyllus) em Plântulas de Soja

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 187
Author(s):  
Ricardo Douglas De Souza ◽  
Elisabeth Aparecida Furtado de Mendonça ◽  
Andressa Ricci Biz ◽  
Marcos Antônio Soares
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Phosphate ◽  
16S Rrna ◽  
Endophytic Bacteria ◽  
Phosphate Solubilization ◽  
Growth Promotion ◽  
Colorimetric Method ◽  
Environmental Data ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Soybean Seedlings

soja é umas das culturas mais produzidas no mundo, tendo safra na casa dos milhões de toneladas/ano. O aumento na produção dessa cultura permeia o desenvolvimento de tecnologias, que permitam conservar a produtividade e minimizar os dados ambientais oriundos de seu manejo. Uma opção é a inoculação de micro-organismos endofíticos que contribuem com o desenvolvimento dessa cultura. Objetivando averiguar o potencial de produção do fitormônio ácido indol acético (AIA) e solubilização de fosfato de cálcio por bactérias endofíticas isoladas de Echinodorus scaber e avaliar sua aplicação na promoção de crescimento de plântulas de soja, foram acessadas 61 bactérias endofíticas de E. scaber para os testes. A produção de AIA foi quantificada por método colorimétrico e a solubilização de fosfato de cálcio procedeu-se com inoculação das linhagens endofíticas, em meio de cultura especifico e, posteriormente, o índice de solubilização foi calculado. Para o teste de promoção de crescimento, sementes de soja foram microbiolizadas com linhagens de bactérias produtoras de AIA e solubilizadoras de fosfato de cálcio. Foram avaliadas a porcentagem de germinação, índice de velocidade de emergência e a massa seca das plântulas de soja. As linhagens de interesse foram identificadas pelo sequenciamento parcial do gene 16S rRNA. Os resultados evidenciaram, que todas as bactérias endofíticas de E. scaber avaliadas são capazes de produzir AIA e, grande parte delas pode solubilizar fosfato de cálcio in vitro e que algumas linhagens desses micro-organismos possuem traços de promoção de crescimento de plântulas de soja, evidenciado pelo aumento de massa seca.Palavras-chave: Ácido Indolacético. Solubilização de Fosfato. Promoção de Crescimento. Sementes de Soja.AbstractSoybean is one of the most produced crops in the world, having a harvest of millions of tons/year. The increase in the production of this culture permeates the development of technologies that allow to conserve the productivity and to minimize the environmental data arising from its handling. One option is the inoculation of endophytic microorganisms that contribute to the development of this culture. In order to investigate the production potential of indole acetic acid phytormonium (AIA) and calcium phosphate solubilization by endophytic bacteria isolated from Echinodorus scaber and to evaluate its application in the promotion of soybean seedlings growth, 61 endophytic E. scaber bacteria were tested . The AIA production was quantified by colorimetric method and the calcium phosphate solubilization was carried out with inoculation of the endophytic lines in specific culture medium and afterwards the solubilization index was calculated. For the growth promotion test, soybean seeds were microbiolized with strains of AIA producing bacteria and calcium phosphate solubilizers. The germination percentage, the emergence speed index and the dry mass of the soybean seedlings were evaluated. The lines of interest were identified by the partial sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene. The results showed that all the endophytic bacteria of E. scaber evaluated are capable of producing AIA and most of them can solubilize calcium phosphate in vitro and that some strains of these microorganisms have growth promoting traits of soybean seedlings evidenced by the increase of dry mass.Keywords: Indoleacetic Acid. Phosphate Solubilization. Growth Promotion. Soybean Seed.

scholarly journals The mycorrhizal fungi of Cymbidium promote the growth of Dendrobiumofficinale by increasing environmental stress tolerance

PeerJ ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. e12555
Author(s):  
Yulong Li ◽  
Zhihua Kang ◽  
Xia Zhang ◽  
Ping Sun ◽  
Xiaohui Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Stress ◽  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Growth Promotion ◽  
Stress Test ◽  
Important Health ◽  
High Level

Dendrobium officinale is a medicinal herbal plant with important health care value and high demand. Due to its slow growth and scarcity in nature, its yield depends on intensified cultivation while biotic and abiotic stresses were important factors that causes production loss. Orchidaceae can form association with rhizoctonias collectively, and studies have found that some orchids showed a high level of strain-species specificity to orchid mycorrhizal fungi (OMF), yet the specificity of OMF on D. officinale needs to explored. In this study, the effects on D. officinale of four OMF isolated from Cymbidium were tested. The obviously higher mass yield of the treated plants in medium and pots indicated the growth promotion effect of the fungi. Furthermore, an abiotic stress test indicated stronger drought tolerance among the treated plants. For the biotic stress test, two root rot pathogens, Fusarium solani and Fusarium graminearum , were isolated and identified from root rot of D. officinale. In an in vitro inhibition test, the four OMF could resist the growth of these pathogens. In vivo studies showed that these four OMF could improve the survival rate and fresh weight and decrease the root rot rate of pathogen-inoculated seedlings. The four OMF namely; Hyphomycete sp., Umbelopsis sp., Ceratorhiza sp. and Ceratorhiza sp. are compatible strains for improving the growth rate of D. officinale by increasing its environmental stress tolerance, providing an effective way to supply resources through artificial reproduction.

scholarly journals Utilization of indigenous endophytic bacteria (Bacillus spp.) for their beneficial effect on growth of Sugarcane

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (02) ◽  
pp. 169-172
Author(s):  
Beenu Shastri ◽  
Rajesh Kumar ◽  
Ram Ji Lal
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Endophytic Bacteria ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Growth Promotion ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Cane Yield ◽  
Subtilis Strain ◽  
Bacillus Spp

Sugarcane (Saccharum spp. hybrid) occupies an important position among the various commercial crops of India. It is the second most important agro-industrial crop, next only to cotton in the country. Among the various approaches, use of microorganisms is one of the crucial approaches for enhancement of crop production. In recent years, endophytic bacteria are gaining much attention towards the sustainable management of the agricultural crops. They not only help in the plant growth but also in alleviating the various stresses due to their multi-faceted role. In current study, two endophytic bacteria i.e. B. cereus (strain S8) and B. subtilis (strain S 17) isolated from the sugarcane root and stalk were evaluated for their plant growth promotion activity in vitro and as well as in vivo. Data indicated that the percentage germination was higher in B. cereus (S8) over B. subtilis (S 17) treated setts when observed after 45 days of planting. Various growth parameters viz., cane height, weight, number of shoots and internodes were also increased in the presence of endophytic bacterial inoculation over uninoculated control. Thus, it is concluded that sett treatment with indigenous endophytic bacteria (Bacillus spp.) can be exploited for enhancing cane yield and productivity in sugarcane culture.

scholarly journals Kemampuan Mikrob Endofit dan Rizosfer Tanaman Karet dalam Mengendalikan Rigidoporus lignosus

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siti Hardiyanti ◽  
Bonny Poernomo Wahyu Soekarno ◽  
Titiek Siti Yuliani
Keyword(s):  
Endophytic Bacteria ◽  
Growth Promotion ◽  
Rubber Tree ◽  
Endophytic Bacterium ◽  
Pathogenicity Test ◽  
Rhizospheric Bacteria ◽  
Rigidoporus Lignosus ◽  
Rhizospheric Microbes

Rigidoporus lignosus is the most important pathogen of rubber tree which causes white root rot disease. The use of antagonistic microbe is recommended to control this pathogen. This research was conducted to isolate endophytic and rhizospheric microbes, and to study their ability to inhibit growth of R. lignosus. Research consisted of isolation of endophytic and rhizospheric microbes, pathogenicity test, in vitro and in vivo assays, growth promotion assays, and identification. There were 99 isolates of bacteria and 18 isolates of fungi isolated from the root and rhizosphere of rubber trees. In vitro and in vivo assay showed that 2 bacterial isolates, i.e.  endophytic bacteria ME8, and rhizospheric bacteria MR3; and 3 fungal isolates, i.e. endophytic fungi CB8, CB6, and CL3 were able to inhibit the growth of R. lignosus.  Endophytic bacteria ME8 showed the ability of solibilizing phosphate and fixing nitrogen. Rhizospheric bacteria MR3 showed the ability of solubilizing phosphate. The isolates CB6 and CL3 were very similar with Chaetomium sp. and Penicillium sp., respectively based on morphological characters; while CB8 was identified as mycelial sterile.  Based on 16S rRNA sequences, endophytic bacterium ME8 and rhizospheric bacteria ME3 were identified as Bacillus siamensis B268 and B. amylolyquefaciens BCRh10, respectively. Endophytic and rhizospheric microbes isolated from rubber trees has the potency as biocontrol agents of R. lignosus.

Effect of the endophytic plant growth promoting Enterobacter ludwigii EB4B on tomato growth

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 54-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.E.A. Bendaha ◽  
H.A. Belaouni
Keyword(s):  
Root Length ◽  
Biocontrol Agent ◽  
Growth Promotion ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Antagonistic Activity ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Enterobacter Ludwigii ◽  
Tomato Growth

SummaryThis study aims to develop a biocontrol agent against Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. radicis-lycopersici (FORL) in tomato. For this, a set of 23 bacterial endophytic isolates has been screened for their ability to inhibit in vitro the growth of FORL using the dual plate assay. Three isolates with the most sound antagonistic activity to FORL have been qualitatively screened for siderophore production, phosphates solubilization and indolic acetic acid (IAA) synthesis as growth promotion traits. Antagonistic values of the three candidates against FORL were respectively: 51.51 % (EB4B), 51.18 % (EB22K) and 41.40 % (EB2A). Based on 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, the isolates EB4B and EB22K were closely related to Enterobacter ludwigii EN-119, while the strain EB2A has been assigned to Leclercia adecarboxylata NBRC 102595. The promotion of tomato growth has been assessed in vitro using the strains EB2A, EB4B and EB22K in presence of the phytopathogen FORL. The treatments with the selected isolates increased significantly the root length and dry weight. Best results were observed in isolate EB4B in terms of growth promotion in the absence of FORL, improving 326.60 % of the root length and 142.70 % of plant dry weight if compared with untreated controls. In the presence of FORL, the strain EB4B improved both root length (180.81 %) and plant dry weight (202.15 %). These results encourage further characterization of the observed beneficial effect of Enterobacter sp. EB4B for a possible use as biofertilizer and biocontrol agent against FORL.

Associated microflora of medicinal ferns: biotechnological potentials and possible applications

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (03) ◽  
pp. 4927 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shubhi Srivastava ◽  
Paul A. K.
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Growth Promotion ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Hydrolytic Enzymes ◽  
In Vitro Production ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi

Plant associated microorganisms that colonize the upper and internal tissues of roots, stems, leaves and flowers of healthy plants without causing any visible harmful or negative effect on their host. Diversity of microbes have been extensively studied in a wide variety of vascular plants and shown to promote plant establishment, growth and development and impart resistance against pathogenic infections. Ferns and their associated microbes have also attracted the attention of the scientific communities as sources of novel bioactive secondary metabolites. The ferns and fern alleles, which are well adapted to diverse environmental conditions, produce various secondary metabolites such as flavonoids, steroids, alkaloids, phenols, triterpenoid compounds, variety of amino acids and fatty acids along with some unique metabolites as adaptive features and are traditionally used for human health and medicine. In this review attention has been focused to prepare a comprehensive account of ethnomedicinal properties of some common ferns and fern alleles. Association of bacteria and fungi in the rhizosphere, phyllosphere and endosphere of these medicinally important ferns and their interaction with the host plant has been emphasized keeping in view their possible biotechnological potentials and applications. The processes of host-microbe interaction leading to establishment and colonization of endophytes are less-well characterized in comparison to rhizospheric and phyllospheric microflora. However, the endophytes are possessing same characteristics as rhizospheric and phyllospheric to stimulate the in vivo synthesis as well as in vitro production of secondary metabolites with a wide range of biological activities such as plant growth promotion by production of phytohormones, siderophores, fixation of nitrogen, and phosphate solubilization. Synthesis of pharmaceutically important products such as anticancer compounds, antioxidants, antimicrobials, antiviral substances and hydrolytic enzymes could be some of the promising areas of research and commercial exploitation.

scholarly journals Bacillus megaterium-Mediated Synthesis of Selenium Nanoparticles and Their Antifungal Activity against Rhizoctonia solani in Faba Bean Plants

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 195
Author(s):  
Amr H. Hashem ◽  
Amer M. Abdelaziz ◽  
Ahmed A. Askar ◽  
Hossam M. Fouda ◽  
Ahmed M. A. Khalil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Vicia Faba ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Antifungal Agents ◽  
Damping Off ◽  
Growth Promoters ◽  
Root Rot Disease ◽  
Rot Disease

Rhizoctonia root-rot disease causes severe economic losses in a wide range of crops, including Vicia faba worldwide. Currently, biosynthesized nanoparticles have become super-growth promoters as well as antifungal agents. In this study, biosynthesized selenium nanoparticles (Se-NPs) have been examined as growth promoters as well as antifungal agents against Rhizoctonia solani RCMB 031001 in vitro and in vivo. Se-NPs were synthesized biologically by Bacillus megaterium ATCC 55000 and characterized by using UV-Vis spectroscopy, XRD, dynamic light scattering (DLS), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) imaging. TEM and DLS images showed that Se-NPs are mono-dispersed spheres with a mean diameter of 41.2 nm. Se-NPs improved healthy Vicia faba cv. Giza 716 seed germination, morphological, metabolic indicators, and yield. Furthermore, Se-NPs exhibited influential antifungal activity against R. solani in vitro as well as in vivo. Results revealed that minimum inhibition and minimum fungicidal concentrations of Se-NPs were 0.0625 and 1 mM, respectively. Moreover, Se-NPs were able to decrease the pre-and post-emergence of R. solani damping-off and minimize the severity of root rot disease. The most effective treatment method is found when soaking and spraying were used with each other followed by spraying and then soaking individually. Likewise, Se-NPs improve morphological and metabolic indicators and yield significantly compared with infected control. In conclusion, biosynthesized Se-NPs by B. megaterium ATCC 55000 are a promising and effective agent against R. solani damping-off and root rot diseases in Vicia faba as well as plant growth inducer.

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