scholarly journals Estimation of Yield Loss of Cowpea, [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.] with Reaction Response of Few Genotypes against Root Knot Nematode, Meloidogyne incognita (Kofoid and White), Chitwood

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Mondal Ghosh ◽  
Khumbar Debbarma ◽  
G. Chakraborty
Keyword(s):  
Meloidogyne Incognita ◽  
Yield Loss ◽  
Nematode Population ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Population Reduction ◽  
Parental Material ◽  
House Condition ◽  
Moderately Resistant ◽  
Resistant Genotypes

Background: Root knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita is one of the main biotic constraints in reducing the quantity and quality of the cowpea crop in most of the growing areas of the world. The nematode produces galls on roots and disrupt the physiology of the plant by reducing crop yield and product quality and are therefore of great economic importance.Methods: Studies were conducted to estimate the yield loss of cowpea in field condition along with evaluation of few genotypes under net house condition against root knot nematode based on gall index, reaction response and number of egg masses/ 5 g of root at Directorate of Research, BCKV, West Bengal. Estimation of cowpea yield loss was conducted with the parameter of mean yield, percentage avoidable and increase in yield, Root Knot Index (RKI in 1-5 scale) and final nematode population reduction. Result: Under treated condition, cowpea yield was significantly increased ranging from 10.93 to 14.58% with 37.19 to 38.17% reduction of nematode population. The range of avoidable yield loss was 9.85 to 12.72%. In response reaction, 28 genotypes were found as moderately resistant. Local cowpea cultivar, Kashikanchan may be avoided at nematode infection area due to its high susceptibility and the moderately resistant genotypes may be suggested for the use in future breeding studies as a parental material to develop the root knot nematode resistant cultivars.

Identification of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) genotypes having resistance against root knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita

2015 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Refik Bozbuga ◽  
H. Yildiz Dasgan ◽  
Yelderem Akhoundnejad ◽  
Mustafa Imren ◽  
Halil Toktay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Common Bean ◽  
Meloidogyne Incognita ◽  
Resistance Index ◽  
Egg Mass ◽  
Yield Losses ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Resistance Response ◽  
Parental Material ◽  
Moderately Resistant

Root knot nematodes (<italic>Meloidogyne</italic> spp.) cause immense yield losses in crops throughout the world. Use of resistant germplasms of plants limits the root knot nematode damages. In this study, 87 common bean (<italic>Phaseoulus vulgaris</italic> L.) genotypes were screened against the root knot nematode, <italic>Meloidogyne incognita</italic> to determine the resistance response under growth chamber conditions in Turkey. <italic>P. vulgaris</italic> genotypes were evaluated based on resistance index (RI); root galling severity and nematode egg mass production on a 1-9 scale. The nematode negatively influenced the growth (fresh weight) of bean genotypes. At the completion of the study, 13 bean genotypes were found as immune (Sehirali), highly resistant (TR42164, Seleksiyon 5, Seker Fasulye, Fas-Agadir-Suk-1) and moderately resistant (Acik Badem, TR68587, TR43477, TR53827, TR28018, Gülnar-3, Siyah Fasulye, Kibris Amerikan) against <italic>M. incognita</italic> thus suggesting the use of such genotypes in breeding studies as a parental material to develop the root knot nematode resistant cultivars.

Resistance in Mungbean Against Meloidogyne incognita and its Impact on Nodulation

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Narpinderjeet Kaur Dhillon ◽  
Rohit Kumar ◽  
Sukhjeet Kaur ◽  
Anupam Anupam ◽  
Asmita Srari
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Sources Of Resistance ◽  
Kharif Season ◽  
Breeding Programmes ◽  
Meloidogyne Spp ◽  
Moderately Resistant ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Resistant Genotypes

Mungbean is an economically as well as nutritionally enriched crop. Of the different soil borne pathogens attacking mungbean, root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne spp.) is an important pathogen affecting growth and production of mungbean. It is grown in summer as well as in kharif season. The germplasm of mungbean of two seasons’ viz., summer and kharif was screened to identify new sources of resistance against root knot nematode, M. incognita. In addition to screening; studies were also conducted on the impact of root knot nematode infestation in roots on nodulation character of mungbean and growth parameters. Of the sixty three genotypes evaluated in summer, seven were found to be moderately resistant. In kharif season, only three genotypes were found to be moderately resistant. M. incognita infestation was also observed to affect the plant growth parameters as well as nodulation on roots of mungbean genotypes. Comparatively, better plant growth and higher nodulation was observed in moderately resistant genotypes as compared to the susceptible ones. The ten identified moderately resistant genotypes from two seasons can be a useful source in breeding programmes for developing cultivars to manage root knot nematode.

scholarly journals Screening of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) cultivars against southern root knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita (Kofoid and White) Chitwood

2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 579-584
Author(s):  
Ifra Siddique ◽  
Ishrat Naz ◽  
Raja Asad Ali Khan ◽  
Musharaf Ahmed ◽  
Syeda Maryam Hussain
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
Meloidogyne Incognita ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
High Population Density ◽  
In Planta ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Cucumis Sativus L ◽  
Southern Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Moderately Resistant ◽  
Significant Mortality

Fourteen cultivars of cucumber were screened for their resistance to the Southern root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita (Kofoid and White) Chitwood in an in planta experiment. The pots were maintained in greenhouse with CRD for 50 days after inoculation. The cultivar DS92-05 induced significant mortality and was rated “moderately resistant (MR)”. This cultivar showed increase in plant growth parameters including vine length. The cultivars DS92-06, Laghman, Sultan and Desitype were moderately susceptible (MS). The cultivar Rehan and DS96-299 were rated susceptible (S) whereas DS97-299, Chaiya, Beitalpha, Alto, DS92-04 and Local were rated as highly susceptible (HS). DS92-05 is thus promising for sustainable agriculture, specially in those areas with high population density of Southern Root knot nematode.

scholarly journals Heritability of Root-knot Nematode (Meloidogyne spp.) Resistance in Sweetpotatoes

HortScience ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 622a-622 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. R. Maluf ◽  
S. M. Azevedo ◽  
V.P. Campos
Keyword(s):  
Meloidogyne Incognita ◽  
Meloidogyne Javanica ◽  
Broad Sense Heritability ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Egg Masses ◽  
Substrate Removal ◽  
Meloidogyne Spp ◽  
Diverse Origin ◽  
Race 2 ◽  
Resistant Genotypes

Heritabilities for resistance to root knot nematodes (Meloidogyne javanica and Meloidogyne incognita races 1, 2, 3, and 4) were studied in a population of 226 sweetpotato clones of diverse origin. For each nematode isolate tested, 128-cell speedling trays were filled with previously inoculated substrate (30000 eggs/1000 mL substrate). Sweetpotato clones suitably tagged and identified were randomly planted in the cells (one plant/cell), with a total of four plants per clone per isolate. Ninety days after inoculation, sweetpotato plants had their roots washed for substrate removal, and treated with 150 mg·L–1 Phloxine B to stain nematode egg masses. The number of egg masses per root was recorded, and plants were accordingly assigned scores from 0 (highly resistant) to 5 (highly susceptible). Broad-sense heritability estimates were 0.87, 0.91, 0.81, 0.95, and 0.93 respectively for resistance to M. javanica and races 1, 2, 3, and 4 of M. incognita. The frequencies of resistant genotypes were higher for M. javanica and lower for M. incognita race 2. Genotypic correlations (rG) among the resistances to the various Meloidogyne isolates utilized were weak, ranging from 0.11 to 0.57, suggesting independent genetic controls. Clones could be selected, however, with high levels of resistance to all nematode isolates tested. (This work was supported by CNPq, CAPES, FAPEMIG, and FAEPE/UFLA.)

scholarly journals GROWTH AND YIELD RESPONSES OF FIFTEEN CUCUMBER CULTIVARS TO ROOT-KNOT NEMATODE (Meloidogyne incognita)

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 45-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tariq Mukhtar ◽  
Muhammad Zameer Kayani
Keyword(s):  
Meloidogyne Incognita ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Root Knot Nematodes ◽  
Resistant Cultivars ◽  
Yield Parameters ◽  
Significant Damage ◽  
The World ◽  
Yield Responses ◽  
Moderately Resistant

Root-knot nematodes have become a grave menace to the lucrative production of cucumber throughout the world. These nematodes are mainly controlled by applying nematicides, but their use is often associated with hazards. Alternatively, the use of nematode resistant cultivars is considered to be innocuous and economically feasible. For their fitness as nematode-suppressive crops, the reduction in growth and yield parameters of these cultivars must be assessed. As there is little documented data about the effects of Meloidogyne incognita on the damage of cucumber, therefore, in the present study, the effects of M. incognita were evaluated on growth and yield parameters of fifteen cucumber cultivars. M. incognita significantly negatively affected the growth and yield parameters of all the cucumber cultivars. Shoot and root lengths and shoot weights of all the cultivars were significantly reduced as a result of nematode infection. Maximum reductions in these parameters were recorded in highly susceptible cultivars followed by susceptible ones, while the reductions were minimal in resistant followed by moderately resistant cultivars. On the contrary, the infection by M. incognita resulted in an increase in root weights of all the cultivars. The increase was found to be the maximum in highly susceptible cultivars followed by susceptible and moderately susceptible cultivars. Likewise, the minimum increase was observed in the resistant cultivars followed by moderately resistant cultivars. Similarly, significant variations in yield parameters among fifteen cucumber cultivars were also recorded as a result of M. incognita infection. In the case of highly susceptible cultivars, the reductions in yield parameters were maximum, whereas the reductions in resistant and moderately resistant cultivars were found to be minimum. As cultivars Long Green, Marketmore, Pioneer-II, Dynasty and Summer Green experienced no significant damage compared to susceptible cucumber cultivars and therefore, they are approved for cultivation in nematode infested soils.

scholarly journals Eco-friendly based Integrated Management Practice against Root-Knot Nematode, Meloidogyne incognita on Cluster bean (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba L.)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chandra Prakash Nama ◽  
B.L. Baheti
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Meloidogyne Incognita ◽  
Management Practice ◽  
Nematode Population ◽  
Egg Mass ◽  
Cyamopsis Tetragonoloba ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Cluster Bean ◽  
Neem Leaves

Abstract AimThe experiment was carried out during two consecutive Kharif seasons to test the combined efficacy of biochemicals i.e. salicylic acid, ascorbic acid and L-arginine each at 2 % w/w as seed treatment and botanicals viz. neem, lantana and parthenium leaves powder each at 5 g per plant for the management of root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita infecting cluster bean..Method All treatments applied as soil application at the time of sowing. Before sowing observation on initial nematode population/100 cc soil and at the termination of experiment number of galls/plant, number of egg masses/plant, number of eggs and larvae/egg mass, final nematode population/100 cc soil and yield (q/ha) were recorded. ResultAmong different combinations, minimum nematode population were observed with ascorbic acid at 2 per cent w/w + neem leaves powder at 5 g per plant followed by ascorbic acid at 2 per cent + lantana leaves powder at 5 g per plant and salicylic acid at 2 per cent + neem leaves powder at 5 g per plant.Conclusion: Results of experiment showed that application of biochemicals along with botanicals significantly reduced galls per plant as compared to untreated check.

scholarly journals Expression of Nematode Resistance in Plant Introductions of Arachis hypogaea

2000 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 78-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Timper ◽  
C. C. Holbrook ◽  
H. Q. Xue
Keyword(s):  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
Nematode Resistance ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Feeding Site ◽  
Plant Introductions ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L ◽  
Cultivated Peanut ◽  
Race 1 ◽  
Moderately Resistant ◽  
Resistant Genotypes

Abstract The peanut root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne arenaria, race 1) is a world-wide pest of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.). Several moderately resistant genotypes have been identified in the cultivated peanut species. Our objective was to determine the expression of resistance for six of these genotypes. We examined four potential expressions of resistance—(a) fewer second-stage juveniles (J2) penetrate the roots, (b) fewer J2 establish functional feeding sites, (c) slower maturation, and (d) reduced fecundity (eggs per female). Seedlings of the susceptible cultivar Florunner and the resistant genotypes were inoculated with J2 of M. arenaria, and transplanted 3 d later to synchronize nematode development. Penetration was assessed at 3 and 10 d; development at 10 (or 12), 17, 22, and 27 d; and fecundity at 60 d after inoculation. The experiments were conducted in a greenhouse or growth chamber. The number of J2 within the roots was similar in resistant and susceptible peanut after 3 d; however, numbers were lower in two of the resistant genotypes than in Florunner after 10 d. A greater percentage of J2 failed to develop in all of the resistant genotypes (72 to 79%) than in Florunner (50%) after 17 d. Of the J2 that did begin to develop, the rate of maturation and fecundity was similar in resistant and susceptible genotypes. A lack of development indicates that the J2 failed to establish a feeding site. Therefore, the primary expression of resistance in the six peanut genotypes appears to be a reduction in the percentage of J2 that establish a functional feeding site. The decline in J2 after infection may be related to the failure to establish a feeding site.

scholarly journals Screening of vegetables crop genotype against root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne incognita) under polyhouse conditions

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 600-603
Author(s):  
Vinod Kumar ◽  
S. S. Mann ◽  
Anil Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Meloidogyne Incognita ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Bitter Gourd ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Cherry Tomato ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Sources Of Resistance ◽  
Resistant Reaction ◽  
Protected Cultivation ◽  
Moderately Resistant

Root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita is an economically important plant-parasitic nematode of vegetable crops grown under open as well as protected cultivation. Use of resistant cultivar is an important measure for managing root-knot nematode as compared to the other management strategies. Despite the potential importance of this nematode, sources of resistance to M. incognita are not yet available for breeding purposes. Present studies were conducted to evaluate the resistant reaction of crop genotype (cucumber japanes long green, tomato shu, cherry tomato P. cherry tomato-1, bitter gourd pusa aushadhi and capsicum yalo wonder) against M. incognita under polyhouse conditions (2018-20). Sixty days after sowing, observations were recorded on number of galls/plant and final nematode population. All the crop genotypes of vegetables were showed varying degree of response against M. incognita. Out of five crop genotypes of vegetables, four (cucumber japanes long green, tomato shu, cherry tomato P. cherry tomato-1 and bitter gourd Pusa aushadhi) were susceptible/highly susceptible while capsicum yalo wonder showed moderately resistant reaction against M. incognita in both the years (2018-2020) and this genotype can be used as a source of resistance.

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