Energy use and Economic Analysis for Achieving Target Yield through Site Specific Nutrient Management in Soybean (Glycine max L.)- Chickpea Cropping System (Cicer arietinum L.) 

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anand G. Patil ◽  
A.S. Halepyati ◽  
B.M. Chittapur
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Net Energy ◽  
Energy Productivity ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Target Yield ◽  
3.0 T

Background: The measure of energy flow in crop production system provides a good indicator of the production of technological aspects of crop production systems in agriculture. Sustainable agricultural management technologies should be studied in terms of increased productivity, profitability, energy saving and efficiency of agricultural inputs usage by using efficiency indices and sustainable indicators. Methods: A field experiment was conducted at Agriculture Research Station, Janawada, Bidar during kharif and rabi seasons for two consecutive years (2014-15 and 2015-16) to know the energy use for achieving target yield. The experiement was laid out in randomized block design with three replications. The treatments viz., The two genotypes of soybean (JS335 and DSB 21) and chickpea (JG 11 and GBM 2) were tested for target yield of 2.0 t ha-1, 2.5 t ha-1, 3.0 t ha-1, 3.5 t ha-1, farmers practice and RDF were tested in medium black soils in randomized block design with three replications. The soil testing was carried out to determine the quantity of major nutrient for different target yields. Result: The experimental results revealed that the significantly higher energy efficiency (5.28 MJ ha-1), net energy (1,71,039.00 MJ ha-1), energy productivity (0.40 kg MJ-1), energy intensity (1,71,039.00 MJ ha-1) in physical terms (13.29 MJ kg-1) and economic terms (3.68 MJ Rs.-1), crop profitability (723.53 Rs.ha-1 day-1), system profitability (417.05 Rs.ha-1day-1) and relative economic efficiency (2.75) and soybean equivalent yield (5683 kg ha-1) were noticed in JS 335/JG 11 + target yield 3.0 t ha-1 compared to rest of the treatments. Thus, it could be concluded that various efficiency indices also used as alternative indices for achieving target yield in cropping system.

scholarly journals Energy budget and carbon footprint in a wheat and maize system under ridge furrow strategy in dry semi humid areas

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Changjiang Li ◽  
Shuo Li
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Footprint ◽  
Energy Budget ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Energy Output ◽  
Net Energy ◽  
Energy Productivity ◽  
Carbon Efficiency ◽  
Net Returns

AbstractThe well-irrigated planting strategy (WI) consumes a large amount of energy and exacerbates greenhouse gas emissions, endangering the sustainable agricultural production. This 2-year work aims to estimate the economic benefit, energy budget and carbon footprint of a wheat–maize double cropping system under conventional rain-fed flat planting (irrigation once a year, control), ridge–furrows with plastic film mulching on the ridge (irrigation once a year, RP), and the WI in dry semi-humid areas of China. Significantly higher wheat and maize yields and net returns were achieved under RP than those under the control, while a visible reduction was found for wheat yields when compared with the WI. The ratio of benefit: cost under RP was also higher by 10.5% than that under the control in the first rotation cycle, but did not differ with those under WI. The net energy output and carbon output followed the same trends with net returns, but the RP had the largest energy use efficiency, energy productivity carbon efficiency and carbon sustainability among treatments. Therefore, the RP was an effective substitution for well–irrigated planting strategy for achieving sustained agricultural development in dry semi-humid areas.

scholarly journals Identification of Economically Viable Cropping Systems for Vertisols of Northern Telangana Zone

2020 ◽  
pp. 98-106
Author(s):  
Firdoz Shahana ◽  
M. Goverdhan ◽  
S. Sridevi ◽  
B. Joseph
Keyword(s):  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Bt Cotton ◽  
Black Gram ◽  
Net Returns ◽  
Lower Productivity ◽  
Randomized Block Design

A field experiment was conducted during 2016-17 at AICRP on Integrated Farming Systems, Regional Sugarcane and Rice Research Station, Rudrur to diversify existing rice-rice cropping system with less water requiring crops under irrigated dry conditions for vertisols of Northern Telangana Zone. The experiment was laid out with twelve cropping systems as treatments in Randomized Block Design (RBD) with three replications. The twelve combinations of cropping systems tested during kharif and rabi seasons were rice – rice (check), maize + soybean (2:4) – tomato, maize + soybean (2:4) - rice, maize - sunflower + chickpea (2:4), maize - chickpea, Bt cotton + soybean (1:2) on broadbed – sesame + groundnut (2:4), Bt cotton - sesame + blackgram (2:4), soybean – wheat, soybean – sunflower + chickpea (2:4), turmeric – sesame, turmeric + soybean (1:2) on flat bed – bajra and turmeric + soybean (1:2) on broadbed – sesame + blackgram (2:4). On system basis, significantly higher productivity in terms of rice equivalent yield (REY) of 23830 kg ha-1 was recorded with turmeric+soybean (1:2) BBF– sesame+blackgram (2:4) turmeric – sesame cropping sequence. However it was on par with turmeric – sesame and turmeric + soybean (1:2) on flat bed – bajra crop sequence with productivity of 23332 kg ha-1 and 21389 kg ha-1 respectively. Lower productivity was recorded with rice-rice cropping system (10725 kg ha-1). Significantly higher system net returns were recorded with Bt. cotton – sesame + black gram (2:4) on BBF (Rs222838 ha-1) closely followed by Bt Cotton + Soybean (1:2) (BBF) - Sesamum + Groundnut (2:4) (Rs221160 ha-1) and Maize+soybean (2:4)–tomato (Rs212909 ha-1). Lower system net returns were recorded in conventional rice-rice system (Rs88179 ha-1). Bt. cotton – sesame + black gram (2:4) and Bt Cotton + Soybean (1:2) (BBF)- Sesamum + Groundnut ((2:4) and Maize+soybean (2:4)–tomato were economically superior with REE of 152.71%, 150.81% and 141.45%. Rice- Rice cropping adopted by majority of farmers is less productive and economically inferior indicating wider scope of diversifying existing rice- rice cropping system with high productive, economically viable cropping systems in vertisols of Northern Telangana Zone.

Energy Budgeting of Paddy-Pulse Cropping System in Bhadrak District of Odisha and Assessment of Emission from Paddy Straw Burning

2021 ◽  
Vol 58 (03) ◽  
pp. 222-240
Author(s):  
Bhabani Shankar Dash ◽  
Sangram Keshari Swain ◽  
Debaraj Behera ◽  
Padma Lochan Pradhan ◽  
Pramod Kumar Sahoo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Use ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Paddy Fields ◽  
Output Energy ◽  
Total Output ◽  
Net Energy ◽  
Input Energy ◽  
Paddy Straw ◽  
Land Preparation ◽  
Straw Burning

Energy auditing of an existing production system helps to assess its energy-use and energy efficiency. The average input energy of paddy-black gram (PB) cropping system (19,862.01 MJ.ha-1) was higher than paddy-green gram (PG) (18,972.34 MJ.ha-1) cropping system in Bhadrak, Odisha. Harvesting and transport operation required highest operational energy for PG (35.57%) and PB (41.20%) farms; while, threshing and winnowing consumed the second highest input energy with 21.34% and 22.71% for PG and PB farms, followed by land preparation with 21.87% and 20.10% respectively. Linear regression data of PG and PB systems showed significant effect (p<0.05) of predictors with R2 values of 87.70% and 82.20% for total output energy and grain energy, respectively; confirming a good fit among the data. The output energy of PB cropping system was 13.91% higher than that of PG cropping system. The PB cropping system, with energy utilisation efficiency (EUE) of 10.31 and 11.82, was more energy-efficient than PG system with EUE of 9.32 and 11.01 for “NC” and “C” farms, respectively. The net energy return of PBC farm was highest with 2,04,505.31 MJ.ha-1. Amongst various pollutants emitted from paddy straw burning in Odisha; CO2 (5,51,296.0 Mg.yr-1), CO (13,102.72 Mg.yr-1), and TPM (4,908.80 Mg.yr-1) had highest share. The quantity of major GHGs (N2 O, CH4 ) released into the atmosphere through paddy straw burning was estimated as 26.43 Mg.yr-1 and 453.12 Mg.yr-1, respectively. Use of straw baler can prevent straw burning, and reduce emission from paddy fields by 2805.54 kg.ha-1 of CO2 and 66.69 kg.ha-1 of CO, 5.96 kg.ha-1 of NOx , 24.98 kg.ha-1 of TPM. Alternatively, use of mulcher can also reduce emission from paddy fields by 2924.44 kg.ha-1 of CO2 and 69.51 kg.ha-1 of CO, 6.21 kg.ha-1 of NOx , 26.04 kg.ha-1 of TPM. The cost of operation of a baler and mulcher were 8,617.0 ₹ ha-1 and 2,543.0 ₹ ha-1, respectively. Input energy and energy saved in paddy fields by baler were 820.0 MJ.ha-1 and 16,928.0 MJ.ha-1; and 266.0 MJ.ha-1 and 24,458.0 MJ.ha-1 by mulcher, respectively

scholarly journals Peran Pupuk Organik dalam Peningkatan Efisiensi Pupuk Anorganik pada Padi Sawah (Oryza sativa L.)

2015 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 8
Author(s):  
Totong Siwanto ◽  
Sugiyanta , ◽  
Maya Melati
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Paddy Rice ◽  
Inorganic Fertilizer ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Two Factors

ABSTRACT<br />Application of organic fertilizer into the soil is designated as a source of macro, micro nutrients and organic acids; it also acts as soil ameliorant that improve physical, chemical and biological properties of soil. Application of high rates organic fertilizer has a constraint namely the availability and ease of application. Therefore, it is necessary to learn the use of organic fertilizer with low rates to improve the efficiency of chemical fertilizers. This research was aimed to study the effect of organic and inorganic fertilizers on growth and yield of paddy rice, as well as the efficiency of N, P, K inorganic fertilizer. Field experiment was conducted at Sawah Baru Research Station, University Farm IPB, Bogor, West Java from September to December 2013. The experiment used Randomized Block Design consisted of two factors: rates of organic fertilizer (0, 250, 500, 750, and 1,000 kg ha-1), and rates of inorganic fertilizer (0, 100, 200, 300, and 400 kg ha-1). The results suggested that the application of 1,000 kg organic fertilizer ha-1 + 400 kg inorganic fertilizer ha-1 did not show significant interaction. Application of organic fertilizer alone up to 1,000 kg ha-1 resulted in low growth and yield. Increasing rates of  application up to 400 kg inorganic fertilizer ha-1 increased the growth and yield of paddy rice. The highest N efficiency was 89.19% at a rate of 500 kg organic fertilizer ha-1 + 200 kg inorganic fertilizer ha-1, whereas the highest efficiency of P and K, respectively were 69.55% and 92.52% at a rate of 750 kg organic fertilizer ha-1 + 300 kg inorganic fertilizer ha-1.<br />Keywords: NPK, organic fertilizer, paddy rice

scholarly journals Agronomic traits and chemical composition of single hybrids of sweet corn

2011 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 531-536 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela Kwiatkowski ◽  
Edmar Clemente ◽  
Carlos Alberto Scapim
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Crop Yield ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
Sweet Corn ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Fixed Model

In Brazil, the greengrocery market of sweet corn has been expanding along the country. In contrast, there have been few agri-industries canning sweet corn (Zea mays) because of the lack of cultivars with agronomic characteristics proper to industrial purposes. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the general combining ability (GCA) of seven inbred lines of sweet corn, and the specific combining ability (SCA) of their hybrid combinations based on their agronomic traits, and the chemical composition of the grain. In the growing season 2006/2007, twenty-one single hybrids were evaluated in the Iguatemi Research Station, Maringá County, Northwestern Paraná, in Brazil using a complete randomized block design with four replications. Data were subjected to the analysis of variance and the genotypes were clustered by the Scott-Knott test. We estimated the GCA and SCA effects using the Griffing's method IV with the fixed model for plant height (PH), height of ear (EH), dehusked ears yield (DEY), reducing (RS) and total sugars (TS), starch (ST), proteins (PTN), ether extract (EE) and fibers (FB). The inbred line L4, which was originated from the 'Doce de Cuba', had the best GCA for crop yield and grain quality and therefore should be used in the next hybrid combinations. The hybrids L4xL5 and L3xL7 were the most promising with regard to crop yield and grain quality.

scholarly journals Effect of Microbial Inoculants on Plant Attributes and Nutrients Uptake by Soybean in Vertisols

2021 ◽  
pp. 102-109
Author(s):  
Sanjeet Kumar ◽  
R. K. Sahu ◽  
R. K. Thakur ◽  
Bablu Yaduwanshi ◽  
N. G. Mitra
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Soil Health ◽  
Microbial Consortia ◽  
Microbial Inoculants ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Nutrients Uptake ◽  
Agricultural Chemistry ◽  
Plant Attributes

The present study was carried out during kharif season 2019-20 at the Research Farm, Department of Soil Science & Agricultural Chemistry, Jawaharlal Nehru Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh (INDIA), to assess the effect of microbial inoculants on plant attributes and nutrients uptake by soybean in Vertisols. The experiment was laid out under randomized block design (RBD) with three replications. The 15 treatments comprised of different beneficial microbial consortia in possible combinations applied as seed treatments. The crop was supplemented with recommended dose of fertilizers 20 N : 80 P2O5 : 20 K2O kg ha-1. Besides these, two control plots were maintained as fertilized un-inoculated control (FUI) and unfertilized un-inoculated control (UFUI). The findings revealed that the significant improvement were noticed by the application of consortia NPK+EM+PGPR in plant growth attributes of nodulation at 25, 45 & 65 DAS (71, 70 & 59% respectively), over control (9.5, 33.4 & 34.7 nodule plant-1) and its biomass, (62, 69 & 74% respectively),over the control  (0.58, 1.16 & 0.99 g plant-1),  plant height at 25, 45 & 65DAS were increased 61, 40, 41% respectively, over the control (16.20, 34.90 and 44.30 cm) and plant biomass, (48, 62 & 53%), over the control 1.67, 4.73 and 6.1 g plant-1. Similarly, nutrient uptake (seed & stover) were also increased at 25, 45 and 65 stages of crop growth, with 36.6, 34.8 & 51.3% in seed and 66.7, 98.2 & 67.2% in straw respectively over the control (98.5, 63.8, 5.2, and 7.4, 24.9 and 44.4 kg ha-1 respectively). Thus, it may be concluded that the consortium of NPK + EM + PGPR was superior for sustainable crop production and soil health.

Impacts of Elevated Ozone and Ozone protectanton Plant Growth, Nutrients, Biochemical and Yield properties of Turnip (Brassica rapa)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Boomiraj Kovilpillai ◽  
Sethupathi Nedumaran ◽  
Sudhakaran Mani ◽  
Jayabalakrishnan Raja Mani ◽  
Sritharan Natarajan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Ozone Exposure ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Growth Physiology ◽  
Elevated Ozone ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Size Tuber ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Total Potassium

Abstract An experiment was conducted at woodhouse farm, Horticultural Research Station, Ooty, in the period of October 2017 to March 2018, to quantify the impact of elevated ozone and ozone protectants spray on plant growth, nutrients, biochemical and yield properties of turnip crop in a factorial completely randomized block design replicated thrice. The elevated ozone exposure significantly reduces the plant height, tuber size, tuber weight, Chlorophyll ‘a’, Chlorophyll ‘b’, Total chlorophyll, total nitrogen, total potassium, total Manganese, Iron, Zinc, Copper inturnip. Meanwhile, the elevated ozone exposure significantly increased the total phosphorous, catalase and peroxide activity inturnip. However, ozone protectants played a major role to nullify the tropospheric ozoneeffect on growth, physiology, development and yield of turnip and among them panchagavya performed well followed by neem oil and ascorbicacid.

Effect of Different Pulse and Oilseed based Cropping Systems on Yield and Nutrient Budgeting under Rainfed Conditions of Jammu

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rakesh Kumar ◽  
B.C. Sharma ◽  
Neetu Sharma ◽  
Brij Nanadan ◽  
Akhil Verma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Field Pea ◽  
Green Gram ◽  
Black Gram ◽  
Available Nitrogen ◽  
Pulse Crops ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Dryland Ecosystems

Background: Maize-wheat is the predominant cropping system of dryland ecology of Jammu region, but due to their comparatively higher input requirements especially of nutrients and water under the fragile ecology of these dry lands an untenable threat has been posed to their factor productivities. Therefore, all cropping sequences that suit and sustain better on the natural resources of the dryland ecosystems for a longer period of time needs to be explored.Methods: The treatments consisted of two oilseeds i.e. mustard) and gobhi sarson and two pulse crops i.e. chickpea and field pea taken during rabi were followed by two oilseed i.e. soybean and sesame and two pulse crops i.e. green gram and black gram grown during kharif. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design with four replications.Result: Significantly higher chickpea equivalent yield of green gram was observed with field pea- green gram sequence (10.26 q/ha) which was at par with the chickpea – green gram and field pea - black gram system. The available nitrogen status was significantly influenced and recorded highest (166.82kg/ha) under field pea- green gram system. Further overall nutrient mining by this system was quite low as compared to other systems.

Establishment Techniques on Yield and Economics of Pigeon Pea [Cajanus cajan (L.)] in North Western Zone of Tamil Nadu

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Sivakumar ◽  
A. Krishnaveni ◽  
M. Pandiyan ◽  
N. Tamilselvan
Keyword(s):  
Cajanus Cajan ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Pigeon Pea ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Net Income ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Western Zone ◽  
North Western

Field experiments were conducted to study the effect of establishment techniques on yield and economics of red gram [Cajanus cajan (L.)] under irrigated condition at Regional Research Station, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Paiyur - 635 112,Tamil Nadu, India during Kharif season of 2013-14 and 2014-15 respectively in randomized block design with four replications. The treatments are line sowing/dibbling of seeds, sowing behind the country plough, sowing in polybag and transplanting at 25 and 40 DAS, sowing in portrays and transplanting in 25 and 40 DAS. The redgram variety LRG 41 was used for study. The results revealed that, dibbling of seeds in lines recorded higher grain yield of 2351 kg ha-1, net income of Rs.99495/- and B:C ratio of 3.39. Thus, dibbling of seeds in lines recorded 6% higher over sowing in poly bag and transplanting at 25 DAS and 27% higher yield over sowing behind the country plough. Considering yield and economics, line sowing seems to better option for the farmers followed by sowing in polybags and transplanted in 25 DAS. Under transplanted situation, transplanting of seedlings at 30 DAS was more suitable where the monsoon was delayed for 30 to 45 days under rainfed situation. 

Residual Effect of Weed Management Practices Executed in Preceding Maize on Succeeding Greengram

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Sandhya Rani ◽  
V. Chandrika ◽  
G. Prabhakara Reddy ◽  
P. Sudhakar ◽  
K.V. Nagamadhuri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weed Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Residual Effect ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Microbial Count ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Weed Infestation

Background: Maize followed by summer pulses is the emerging cropping system in many places in India. Herbicides are the efficient tools for checking weed infestation and their usage is increasing throughout the globe due to increased labour cost and quick weed control. Some herbicides do not degrade quickly and may remain in the soil for weeks, months or years after application and may inhibit the growth of succeeding crops. Methods: Field experiment was conducted in a randomized block design (RBD) during rabi and summer seasons of 2017-18 and 2018-19 to know the residual effect of different herbicides applied in maize on succeeding greengram. Result: The present study revealed that lower density and dry weight of total weeds and higher yield attributes and yield was recorded with the practice of adopting two hand weedings at 15 and 30 DAS, which was however, at par with atrazine 1.0 kg ha-1 as PE fb one HW at 30 DAS, atrazine 1.0 kg ha-1 as PE fb topramezone 30 g ha-1 as PoE and atrazine 1.0 kg ha-1 as PE fb tembotrione 120 g ha-1 as PoE, without any significant disparity among them. Herbicides applied in maize did not alter statistically the enzyme activity and microbial count in the soil at harvest of succeeding greeengram. 

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document