Role of Potassium on Growth, Nitrogen Fixation and Biochemical Traits in [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek] under Water Stress

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nisha Kataria ◽  
Narender Singh
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Water Stress ◽  
Potassium Fertilizer ◽  
Biochemical Traits ◽  
Global Issue ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Potassium Supply ◽  
Effects Of Drought

Background: Water stress is a global issue to ensure survival of agricultural crops. Mungbean has a great nutritional value, short-duration and has an advantage that it can grow in wide range of soils and environments. For the present study, two varieties of mungbean were selected and raised in earthen pots. Methods: Water stress was imposed at 50% flowering (35-40 days after sowing) and plants were sampled at this stage. The control plants maintained at soil moisture content (SMC) of 12.0 ± 0.5% and in stressed plants, water stress was created by withholding irrigation till SMC decreased to 4.5±0.5%. In legumes, damaging effects of drought can be reduced by potassium supply. Potassium was supplied to the soil at concentration 0.00, 1.54 mM, 2.31 mM, 3.08 mM. Result: This article includes water stress-induced harmful effects on mungbean growth and development, nitrogen fixation and biochemical traits and suggests that different concentrations of potassium fertilizer help to reduce the negative effect of water stress.

scholarly journals A Possible Role of Allatostatin C in Inhibiting Ecdysone Biosynthesis Revealed in the Mud Crab Scylla paramamosain

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
An Liu ◽  
Wenyuan Shi ◽  
Dongdong Lin ◽  
Haihui Ye
Keyword(s):  
Scylla Paramamosain ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Mud Crab ◽  
Methyl Farnesoate ◽  
Independent Manner ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Negative Effect

C-type allatostatins (C-type ASTs) are a family of structurally related neuropeptides found in a wide range of insects and crustaceans. To date, the C-type allatostatin receptor in crustaceans has not been deorphaned, and little is known about its physiological functions. In this study, we aimed to functionally define a C-type ASTs receptor in the mud crab, Scylla paramamosian. We showed that C-type ASTs receptor can be activated by ScypaAST-C peptide in a dose-independent manner and by ScypaAST-CCC peptide in a dose-dependent manner with an IC50 value of 6.683 nM. Subsequently, in vivo and in vitro experiments were performed to investigate the potential roles of ScypaAST-C and ScypaAST-CCC peptides in the regulation of ecdysone (20E) and methyl farnesoate (MF) biosynthesis. The results indicated that ScypaAST-C inhibited biosynthesis of 20E in the Y-organ, whereas ScypaAST-CCC had no effect on the production of 20E. In addition, qRT-PCR showed that both ScypaAST-C and ScypaAST-CCC significantly decreased the level of expression of the MF biosynthetic enzyme gene in the mandibular organ, suggesting that the two neuropeptides have a negative effect on the MF biosynthesis in mandibular organs. In conclusion, this study provided new insight into the physiological roles of AST-C in inhibiting ecdysone biosynthesis. Furthermore, it was revealed that AST-C family peptides might inhibit MF biosynthesis in crustaceans.

scholarly journals Positive University Environment and Agreeableness as Protective Factors Against Antisocial Behavior in Mexican University Students

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martha Frías Armenta ◽  
Nadia S. Corral-Frías
Keyword(s):  
Protective Factors ◽  
School Environment ◽  
School Setting ◽  
Antisocial Behaviors ◽  
Personal Factors ◽  
University Environment ◽  
Global Issue ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Northwestern Mexico

Violence in schools is a global issue. Approximately 32% of Mexican students have experienced some form of violence in the school setting in their lives. Previous research has tended to focus on the causes of violence and antisocial behaviors in offenders or adolescent samples and has found evidence to suggest the underlying role of environmental and personal factors. The present study investigates the effect of positive school environment and agreeableness as protective factors against antisocial behaviors in a sample of undergraduate and graduate students (n = 304) from northwestern Mexico. Our results demonstrate that a positive school environment has a negative effect on antisocial behaviors via mood and anxiety disorders as well as in interaction with agreeableness, suggesting an interplay between personality and environment. These findings can provide some basis for the development of university programs aimed at fostering positive environments that promote student mental health and protect against antisocial behaviors.

Managing Water Stress by Potassium Fertilizer in Legumes for Sustainable Agricultural Intensification: A Review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nisha Kataria ◽  
Narender Singh
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Nutrient Management ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Residual Soil ◽  
Potassium Fertilizer ◽  
Development Processes ◽  
Soil Moisture Availability ◽  
Leguminous Crops ◽  
Nutritional Benefits

Water stress has become the most uncontrolled and unpredictable factor, which is continuously limiting production in crops. Legumes are the major source of protein and are well-recognized for their nutritional benefits as well as their impact on the sustainability of agricultural systems are well known. Leguminous crops are severely affected by water stress causing alterations in various development processes. Proper nutrient management helps in attaining economical legume yields from drought-prone lands. The protective role of potassium in plants suffering from water stress has been documented and it positively influences plant capacity to adjust water stress conditions. This review compromises the information on the water stress-induced harmful effects on legumes growth, nitrogen fixation, gaseous exchange and mineral uptake parameters and proposes appropriate management by potassium application to alleviate the severity of water stres on above mentioned parameters. Application of potassium proved to meet higher yield from legume on cultivation under low/residual soil moisture availability conditions.

scholarly journals Can Higher Capital Discipline Bank Risk: Evidence from a Meta-Analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Quang T. T. Nguyen ◽  
Son T. B. Nguyen ◽  
Quang V. Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Model Specification ◽  
Bank Risk ◽  
Bank Capital ◽  
Holding Companies ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Sample Characteristics

Capital regulation has been among the most important tools for regulators to maintain the credibility and stability of the financial systems. However, the question whether higher capital induce banks to take lower risk remains unanswered. This paper examines the effect of capital on bank risk employing a meta-analysis approach, which considers a wide range of empirical papers from 1990 to 2018. We found that the negative effect of bank capital on bank risk, which implies the discipline role of bank capital, is more likely to be reported. However, the reported results are suffered from the publication bias due to the preference for significant estimates and favored results. Our study also shows that the differences in the previous studies’ conclusions are primarily caused by the differences in the study design, particularly the risk and capital measurements; the model specification such as the concern for the dynamic of bank risk behaviors, the endogeneity of the capital and unobserved time fixed effects; along with and the sample characteristics such as the sample size, and whether banks are bank holding companies or located in high-income countries.

scholarly journals EFFECTS OF DROUGHT STRESS ON THE PHYSIOLOGY AND YIELD OF THE MAIZE: A REVIEW

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-40
Author(s):  
Shobha Pokhrel
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Nutrient Deficiency ◽  
Drought Duration ◽  
Maize Crop ◽  
Stressful Environment ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Growth Development ◽  
Effects Of Drought

Maize is a cereal crop mainly cultivated in arid and semi-arid regions, where drought stress due to changing environment is affecting crop growth, development and yield. The aim of this literature review is to offer discourse on different physiological changes, germination and yield performance of maize under stressful environment of drought. The stressful environment due to water deficit causes a great alteration in a wide range of the physiological, biochemical and molecular process in maize which ultimately causes negative effect in yield. Drought stress influence in growth, development, yield and quality of the crop with impairment in the plant height, leaf area and biomass. A great variation in the photosynthetic process due to reduction in the photosynthetic pigments (chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b), stomatal conductance, photosystem activity, enzymes occur under water deficit condition in maize. Drought induce reduction in the soil moisture which results an unbalanced concentration of macro and micro nutrients leading to nutrient deficiency in plant. Maize is susceptible to drought during germination. Drought stress limits the germination process and early seedling growth. The severe and prolonged drought duration hampers more in reproductive stage during anthesis period than vegetative stage affecting final grain yield in maize crop.

Social Motives Predict Loneliness During a Developmental Transition

2017 ◽  
Vol 76 (4) ◽  
pp. 145-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jana Nikitin ◽  
Alexandra M. Freund
Keyword(s):  
Social Relationships ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Social Avoidance ◽  
Social Approach ◽  
Social Motives ◽  
Developmental Transitions ◽  
Avoidance Motivation ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Low Levels

Abstract. Establishing new social relationships is important for mastering developmental transitions in young adulthood. In a 2-year longitudinal study with four measurement occasions (T1: n = 245, T2: n = 96, T3: n = 103, T4: n = 85), we investigated the role of social motives in college students’ mastery of the transition of moving out of the parental home, using loneliness as an indicator of poor adjustment to the transition. Students with strong social approach motivation reported stable and low levels of loneliness. In contrast, students with strong social avoidance motivation reported high levels of loneliness. However, this effect dissipated relatively quickly as most of the young adults adapted to the transition over a period of several weeks. The present study also provides evidence for an interaction between social approach and social avoidance motives: Social approach motives buffered the negative effect on social well-being of social avoidance motives. These results illustrate the importance of social approach and social avoidance motives and their interplay during developmental transitions.

Biscogniauxia (Hypoxylon) Canker or Dieback in Trees

EDIS ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Paez ◽  
Jason A. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Soil Compaction ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Root Disease ◽  
Poor Health ◽  
Green Spaces ◽  
Opportunistic Pathogens ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Quercus Spp

Biscogniauxia canker or dieback (formerly called Hypoxylon canker or dieback) is a common contributor to poor health and decay in a wide range of tree species (Balbalian & Henn 2014). This disease is caused by several species of fungi in the genus Biscogniauxia (formerly Hypoxylon). B. atropunctata or B. mediterranea are usually the species found on Quercus spp. and other hosts in Florida, affecting trees growing in many different habitats, such as forests, parks, green spaces and urban areas (McBride & Appel, 2009).  Typically, species of Biscogniauxia are opportunistic pathogens that do not affect healthy and vigorous trees; some species are more virulent than others. However, once they infect trees under stress (water stress, root disease, soil compaction, construction damage etc.) they can quickly colonize the host. Once a tree is infected and fruiting structures of the fungus are evident, the tree is not likely to survive especially if the infection is in the tree's trunk (Anderson et al., 1995).

The Problem of Identifying and Modeling the Relationship between Monetary Factor and Inflation in the Russian Economy

2008 ◽  
pp. 61-76
Author(s):  
A. Porshakov ◽  
A. Ponomarenko
Keyword(s):  
Money Supply ◽  
Money Demand ◽  
Russian Economy ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Complex Approach ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Supply Side Factors

The role of monetary factor in generating inflationary processes in Russia has stimulated various debates in social and scientific circles for a relatively long time. The authors show that identification of the specificity of relationship between money and inflation requires a complex approach based on statistical modeling and involving a wide range of indicators relevant for the price changes in the economy. As a result a model of inflation for Russia implying the decomposition of inflation dynamics into demand-side and supply-side factors is suggested. The main conclusion drawn is that during the recent years the volume of inflationary pressures in the Russian economy has been determined by the deviation of money supply from money demand, rather than by money supply alone. At the same time, monetary factor has a long-run spread over time impact on inflation.

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