Production and nitrogen, phosphorus and calcium absorption of sword bean leaf (Canavalia gladiata) in application of rock phosphate and VAM inoculation

Author(s):  
Nyimas Popi Indriani ◽  
Heryawan Kemal Mustafa ◽  
Budi Ayuningsih ◽  
Mansyur . ◽  
Ana Rochana

Sword Beans (Canavalia gladiata) have high biomass, resistant to drought, pests and diseases, high fertility and seed productivity. The research purpose was to know rock phosphate dose effect on production and nitrogen, phosphorus and calcium uptake of sword bean leaf with VAM application. The design used was completely randomized design (CRD) with 2x5 factorial and repeated three times. The first factor was VAM; M0: without VAM and M1: with VAM of 10 g/bag. The second factor was rock phosphate; P0: without rock phosphate, P1: rock phosphate fertilization; 100 kg / ha, P2: 200 kg / ha, P3: 300 kg / ha and P4: 400 kg / ha. The results; dry matter and calcium absorption of sword bean leaves showed similar results for VAM and without VAM application. The nitrogen uptake of VAM inoculated plants differed significantly higher than non VAM application. In phosphorus uptake there was VAM and rock phosphate interaction.

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
I Made Indra Agastya ◽  
Aminudin Afandhi ◽  
Luqman Qurata Aini

This research was conducted in vitro in the laboratory. Studies conducted in the Laboratory of Bacteriology Department of Plant Pests and Diseases of the Faculty of Agriculture, University of Brawijaya, on the effectiveness of the bacteria Bacillus cereus and Bacillus megaterium as biological pesticides controlling Spodoptera litura. The objective of this study was to determine the effectiveness of the bacteria Bacillus sp as biological control. Effectiveness pesticide was measured by testing the incubation period and mortality in larvae of S. litura instar 3. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD), conducted observations every 6 hours until the larvae dead. The results showed that the percentage of mortality of S. litura reached 94.66% compared to the control, while the incubation time of the bacteria B. cereus cause disease until 29.84 hours. B. cereus and B. megaterium have the ability to incubate third instar larvae of S. litura up to 29.84 hours and caused the death of larvae up to 94.66%. Keywords: Biological pesticides, Bacillus cereus, Bacillus megaterium, entomopatogen, Spodoptera litura


DYNA ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 87 (214) ◽  
pp. 85-92
Author(s):  
Raimundo Fernandes de Brito ◽  
Miguel Ferreira Neto ◽  
Jonath Werissimo Da Silva Gomes ◽  
Ana Luíza Lima Ferreira ◽  
Nildo Da Silva Dias ◽  
...  

In this study, we evaluated the effects of fertigation with domestic sewage effluent and different substrates on the growth of Caraíba seedlings (Tabebuia aurea Benth). The experiment was accomplished in a greenhouse in Mossoró, RN. Five irrigation solutions (100% of water supply - WS, 100% of domestic sewage effluent – DS and dilutions of 75% DS + 25% WS, 50% DS + 50% WS e 25% DS + 75% WS) were tested and two substrates (75% soil + 25% bovine manure and 75% soil + 25% coconut fiber) using completely randomized design in subdivided plots with three replicates per treatment. Growth and development parameters were measured at 30, 60, 90, and 150 days after cultivation. The variables shoot height, collar diameter, height/diameter ratio, dry matter of root, shoot and total (root and shoot), shoot/root ratio, Dickson quality index, and nutritional evaluation of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and calcium were determinate. We verified that the use of domestic sewage increased growth and quality of caraíba seedlings, besides promoting nutrient accumulation in the plants grown in substrate of bovine manure plus soil with 100% application of domestic sewage in the fertigation.


Kultivasi ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 1015
Author(s):  
Satriyo Restu Adhi ◽  
Tarkus Suganda

Sari. Penyakit busuk umbi yang disebabkan oleh Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cepae (Foc) merupakan salah satu penyakit penting pada bawang merah. Pengendalian penyakit busuk umbi yang ramah lingkungan adalah dengan menggunakan pengendalian biologis. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mendapatkan isolat jamur asal rizosfer tanaman bawang merah yang memiliki sifat antagonis terhadap Foc. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Fitopatologi Departemen Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Padjadjaran, pada bulan November 2017 hingga Januari 2018. Tahapan penelitian ini terdiri atas: (1) isolasi dari tanah rizosfer pertanaman bawang merah asal Desa Pelayangan Kabupaten Cirebon, (2) uji antagonisme secara in-vitro dengan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL), dan (3) uji kemampuan jamur rizosfer dalam memicu perkecambahan benih bawang merah. Dari hasil percobaan diperoleh 11 isolat jamur rizosfer yang terdiri atas genus Aspergillus, Penicillium, Paecilomyces, dan Trichoderma yang memiliki karakteristik mikroskopis yang berbeda satu sama lain. Hasil uji antagonisme menunjukkan bahwa 11 isolat jamur rizosfer yang diuji memiliki sifat antagonistik dan dapat menghambat jamur Foc secara in-vitro antara 65,58% hingga 84,71%. Isolat JRC1 (Aspergillus) dan JRC6 (Paecilomyces) memiliki sifat memicu perkecambahan benih bawang merah.Kata kunci: Bawang merah ∙ Jamur antagonis rizosfer ∙ Busuk umbi ∙ Fusarium oxysporum f.sp cepaeAbstract. Basal rot caused by Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cepae (Foc) is one of the important diseases in shallot. Biological control is one of the environmentally friendly control methods. The purpose of this research was to obtain isolates of rhizospheric fungi of shallot which were antagonistic against Foc. Research has been conducted at the Laboratory of Phytopathology Department of Plant Pests and Diseases, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Padjadjaran, from November 2017 up to January 2018. The research consisted of: (1) isolation of fungi from shallot rhizosphere soil of shallot plantation located at Desa Pelayangan Cirebon, West Java, (2) in-vitro antagonistic test using a completely randomized design (CRD), and (3) test the ability of selected fungal isolates to triggering shallot seed germination. The experiment obtained 11 isolates of the antagonistic rhizospheric fungi consisted of Aspergillus, Penicillium, Paecilomyces, and Trichoderma which have different microscopic characteristics. The results showed that antagonistic rhizospheric fungi inhibit the growth of Foc. Their inhibitions rate ranged from 65.58% to 84.71%. The isolates of JRC1 (Aspergillus) and JRC6 (Paecilomyces) were able to trigger the germination of shallot seeds.Keywords: Shallot ∙ Antagonistic rhizospheric fungi ∙ Basal rot ∙ Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cepae


2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Abdulmajeed Hamza ◽  
Ezekiel Akinkunmi Akinrinde

The effectiveness of finely ground Sokoto Rock Phosphate and Morocco Rock Phosphate to enhance productivity of maize- (Zea maysL.)Sorghum(Sorghum bicolor) and soybean- (Glycine maxL.)Sorghumcrop rotation schemes was evaluated using Single Super Phosphate as reference fertilizer. The experiments were carried out in the screen house of the Department of Agronomy, University of Ibadan, in February and June 2013. The experiments involved 2 × 2 × 4 × 3 factorial in a Completely Randomized Design. In the first and second croppings, the slightly acidic loamy sand still produced higher biomass than the strongly acidic sandy clay loam. On average, MRP was more efficient than SSP for maize dry biomass but, for soybean dry biomass, MRP was less efficient than SSP in the two soils. Sokoto Rock Phosphate was less efficient in the two location soils compared to SSP for the test crops. There was no difference in performance of P-sources in the second cropping. Soybean-Sorghumcrop rotation scheme produced greaterSorghumbiomass than maize-Sorghumcrop rotation scheme. It is evident that pH and clay contents of soils as well as the rotation crop concerned influence the efficiency of finely ground soluble phosphates in crop rotation schemes.


2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 463-466
Author(s):  
K. V. Nathiya ◽  
V. Sanjivkumar

A pot culture experiment was conducted to study the effect of combined use of organic manures with inorganic fertilizers on uptake of available nutrients and yield of groundnut crop at Tamil Nadu Agricultural College and Research Institute, Madurai during kharif season of 2008-2009. The experiment was laid out in completely randomized design (factorial) with two replications. Main pot treatments comprised of three types of manures viz, control ( M0 ), pressmud @ 5 t ha-1 ( M1 ), vermicompost @ 2 t ha-1 ( M2 ), farmyard manure @12.5 t ha-1 ( M3 ) and sub pot treatment comprised of 4 levels of K viz, 0 (K0), 100 ( K1 ) , 75 ( K2 ) and 50 kg of K20 ha-1 ( K3 ) with a recommended dose of fertilizer (RDF) respectively. The results revealed that highest nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium uptake of 1.01, 0.96 and 0.80 g/pot was recorded in the treatment that received 75 kg K2O ha-1 and Pressmud @ 5 t ha-1 (K1M1) and in the pots which treatment received K1M1 showed the highest Haulm and pod yield of (28.25 and 24.5 g/pot) of groundnut crop respectively.


2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-116
Author(s):  
Azzura Azzura ◽  
Nanda Mayani ◽  
Bakhtiar Bakhtiar

Abstrak. Salah satu teknik budidaya untuk mendapatkan hasil semangka yang baik adalah dengan pemupukan yang tepat dan pemangkasan. Jenis pupuk anorganik yang digunakan dalam budidaya tanaman semangka adalah pupuk NPK Majemuk. Sementarapemangkasan adalah suatu kegiatan membuang bagian tanaman yaitu bagian pucuk, cabang atau ranting tanaman sehingga terjadi penimbunan karbohidrat, protein dan hormon yang merangsang keluarnya bunga dan buah. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Desa Paloh Jeureula, Kecamatan Sakti Kabupaten Pidie dan Laboratorium Hortikultura Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Syiah Kuala yang berlangsung dari bulan September sampai November 2017. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) pola faktorial yang terdiri dari 4 perlakuan dosis pupuk NPK dan 2 perlakuan pemangkasan yang diulang sebanyak 3 kali sehingga terdapat 8 kombinasi perlakuan yang terdiri dari 24 unit percobaan dengan 6 sampel untuk setiap unit percobaan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dosis pupuk NPK yang tepat untuk pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman semangka yaitu 160 g/tanaman, sementara pemangkasan tunas yang terbaik untuk pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman semangka yaitu pemangkasan tunas lateral. Kombinasi perlakuan yang terbaik untuk pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman semangka yaitu dosis pupuk NPK 160 g/tanaman dengan pemangkasan tunas lateral.The Dose Effect of NPK Fertilizer and Pruning of Watermelon Lateral Shoots on Growth and Plant Result (Citrullus vulgaris Schard)Abstract. The low production of red pepper plants in Indonesia is partly caused by disease attacks and unavailability of high quality seeds or have low viability. Biological Seed Treatment using rhizobacteria is one of the innovations developed for disease control and growth of plants. This research has been carried out in Agricultural Science and Technology Laboratory of Agrotechnology Study Program Faculty of Agriculture Unsyiah. The study was conducted from May to July 2017. This study used a Completely Randomized Design (RAL) of non factorial pattern in experiment I consisted of 18 treatments repeated 3 times so that each of 54 experiments on pathogenic Phytophthora capsici and 54 units of experiments was obtained pathogen Colletotrichum capsici to obtain 108 total unit of experiment. In the second experiment using Completely Randomized Design (RAL) the factorial pattern consisted of 19 rizobacterial treatments and 2 repeated treatments of varieties 2 times. Thus there were 38 treatment combinations consisting of 48 experimental units with 25 plant units in each treatment. The result of experiment I showed that isolate SRK 5 (1) from Serulee Kayu Village, Bukit Subdistrict, Bener Meuriah Regency was able to suppress the growth of C. capsici pathogens with 82.22% inhibition and against P. capsici 71.11% . The results of experiment II showed that rizobakteri effective as plant growth enhancer (RPPT) to germination process of red chilli seedlings in increasing seed viability and vigor to maximum growth potential and germination is isolate KTK 8 (5) where the varieties of PM999 is better than Taro varieties, but the different isolates of SRK 5 (1), HWI 4 (1) and BS3 5 (3) were able to increase the vigor index on higher Taro varieties compared to the PM999 varieties. While the effect of rizobacterial treatment on the growth of red chili seedlings has not shown a significant increase in the two varieties tested.The Dose Effect of NPK Fertilizer and Pruning of Watermelon Lateral Shoots onGrowth and Plant Result (Citrullus vulgaris Schard)


Author(s):  
Arneti Arneti ◽  
Eri Sulyanti

Plant extracts have been known to cause inhibit the growth of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides.This study was aimed to determine the most potential part of Cassia alata crude extract to control antrachnose on chili. The study was conducted in Phytopathology Laboratory, Plant Pests and Diseases Department, Agriculture Faculty, Andalas University, from April to June 2015. The research used Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with seven treatments and five replications. The treatments were several extracts from different parts of C. Alata: 1) control 2) flower, 3) old leaf, 4) young leaf, 5) stem, 6) root, and 7) seed with concentration of 5% respectively. Variables observed were colony growth, colony width, conidia number, colony wet and dry weight, and conidia germination. The result showed that all of C. alata extracts could inhibit the growth of C. gloeosporioides in vitro. The best extract was from the old leaf with the percentage of colony width, conidia number, colony wet and dry weight, and conidia germination of 64,30%, 82,41%, 37,77, 29,8%, and 79,96% respectively.


2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 176-187
Author(s):  
Kingsley Uzoma ◽  
Michael E. Nkereuwem ◽  
Uzaifa K. Adamu ◽  
Adeniyi O. Adeleye ◽  
Abe Mololuwa

This study was carried out to evaluate the effect of mycorrhizal inoculation on the growth and nutrients uptake of maize planted in crude oil-contaminated soil. About 10 kg sterilized topsoil was contaminated with Bonny light crude oil (BLCO) at different concentrations: 0, 200, 300, and 500 ml/pot. Maize was sown at three seeds per pot and later thinned to two stands per pot after two weeks. Inoculation in treatments containing AM consisted of 20 g of Glomus clarum. Data on residual TPH content of the soil, plant height, number of leaves, fresh and dry weights, and nutrients uptake were collected at 4, 8, and 12 weeks after sowing (WAS). The 2 x 4 factorial experiment was laid in a completely randomized design and replicated 3 times. The results obtained indicated that AM inoculated maize had higher and significantly (p˂0.05) nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, plant height, number of leaves, fresh and dry weights. Significantly (p˂0.05) lower residual TPH content was recorded with treatments inoculated with AM fungi compared to non-AM fungi inoculated treatments. AM colonization resulted in enhanced nutrients uptake thus, improving the physiological parameters of the test crop.


2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 345-350
Author(s):  
S. D. Cahyani ◽  
N. R. Amalia ◽  
A. H. Achmad ◽  
M. Hilmi ◽  
D. Triasih

This study aimed to determine the effect of the use of EM4 and Local Microorganism (LM) activators from banana hump (Kepok banana, Raja banana, and Ambon banana) on the manufacture of organic liquid fertilizer derived from waste meatball water stew. The research method used in this study was Completely Randomized Design (CRD) consisting of 4 treatments and three replications, namely: P1 EM4, P2 (Local Microorganism from Kepok banana hump ), P2 (Local Microorganism from Ambon banana hump), P3 (Local Microorganism from Raja banana hump). In this study testing the levels of Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Potassium, Carbon, and pH levels in organic liquid fertilizer from boiled meatball water. The data obtained from this study were analyzed using Complete Randomized Design and Duncan's advanced test. The results of the addition of EM4 activator and banana hump MOL on the manufacture of organic liquid fertilizer from meatball decoction water showed no significant effect (P> 0.05) on N, K, and pH levels on fertilizers. The results showed a significant effect (P <0.05) on the P content of fertilizer. The highest C content was found in P2, while the highest C / N ratio was found in P0.


2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-122
Author(s):  
Venus Nikiyuluw ◽  
Rudy Soplanit ◽  
Adelina Siregar

Good soil contains sufficient nutrient content for plants. Some of the most important nutrients in the soil include nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. However, regosol soil cannot provide enough nutrients and water. The objectives of this study include: 1) comparing the volume of water given with a frequency of 1, 2 or 3 days for NPK nutrient availability on regosol soils; 2) determining the amount of NPK nutrients available after 30 days of incubation by giving different compost doses; 3) determining the interaction between the frequency of water supply and decomposition of organic matter in providing NPK nutrients to regosol soils. This study used a completely randomized design method with a 3 × 3 factorial pattern with 3 replications, therefore there were 27 experimental units. Data analysis of the observed variables was done using variance analysis with SAS program ver 9.0 and if there was a real treatment effect followed by a different test between treatments using BNT (5%). Compost applied to the soil was done, this was indicated by a low C / N value of 14.3 and in accordance with the SNI value standards of 10-20. The results of the study showed that the application of water and organic matter independently has a significant effect on the N content, P, and K in the ground. Whereas, the interaction between the two treatments of water frequency application and organic matter had no significant effect on the levels of N, P, and K in the soil. The conclusion of this study, with the application of water once every 3 days and the treatment of 300g/pot organic matter (B2) was best to provide the highest Ntotal value (0.53%), P available (17, 50 mg/kg), and Kexch (2.03 me/100g). Keywords: compost, frequency of water supply, regosol   ABSTRAK Tanah yang baik memiliki kandungan hara yang cukup bagi tanaman. Beberapa unsur hara yang terpenting dalam tanah antara lain ialah nitrogen, fosfor dan kalium. Tetapi tanah regosol tidak dapat menyediakan unsur hara dan air dengan cukup. Tujuan dari penelitian ini antara lain: 1) membandingkan volume air yang diberikan dengan frekwensi 1, 2 atau 3 hari sekali untuk ketersediaan hara NPK pada tanah regosol; 2) menetapkan banyaknya unsur hara NPK tersedia setelah 30 hari inkubasi dengan pemberian dosis kompos yang berbeda; dan 3) mengetahui interaksi antara frekwensi pemberian air dan dekomposisi bahan organik dalam menyediakan hara NPK pada tanah regosol. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Rancangan Acak Lengkap dengan pola faktorial 3 × 3 dengan 3 ulangan sehingga terdapat 27 satuan percobaan. Analisis data dari variabel yang diamati menggunakan analisis ragam dengan program SAS ver 9.0 dan jika terdapat pengaruh perlakuan yang nyata dilanjutkan dengan uji beda antar perlakuan menggunakan BNT (5%). Kompos yang diaplikasi ke tanah sudah matang, hal ini ditandai dengan nilai C/N yang rendah yaitu 14,3 dan sesuai dengan standar nilai SNI yaitu 10-20. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian air dan bahan organik secara mandiri memberikan pengaruh nyata terhadap kadar N, P, dan K dalam tanah. Sedangkan, interaksi antara kedua perlakuan air dan bahan organik tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap kadar N, P, dan K dalam tanah. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini, dengan pemberian air 3 hari sekali dan perlakuan bahan organik 300g/pot (B2) adalah dosis yang lebih baik untuk mendapat nilai Ntotal, Ptersedia dan Kdd tertinggi yaitu N total (0,53%), P tersedia (17,50 mg/kg), dan K dd (2,03 me/100g). Kata kunci: frekwensi pemberian air, kompos, regosol


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