Productivity of Pigeonpea [Cajanus cajana (L.) Millsp] under Teak (Tectona grandis) Based Agroforestry Systems in Semiarid Tropics

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Doddabasawa . ◽  
B.M. Chittapur ◽  
M. Mahadeva Murthy
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Biomass Yield ◽  
Tectona Grandis ◽  
Agroforestry System ◽  
Agroforestry Systems ◽  
Tree Line ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Dry Zone ◽  
Semiarid Tropics

The productivity of teak based agroforestry system was studied during 2016-17 under irrigated ecosystem in Yadagir district of North-eastern dry zone (None II) of Karnataka. Significantly lower pigeonpea grain yield (1766 kg ha-1) and biomass yield (8207 kg ha-1) in association with teak were recorded at 5 m away from the tree line compared to the crop at a distance 10 m (2345 and 10089 kg ha-1, respectively) and 15 m (8207, 10526 kg ha-1, respectively) away from the tree line whereas harvest index remained unaffected. Non-significant differences were observed in grain yield and harvest index, albeit numerically higher grain yield were recorded in the control (2316 kg ha-1) without teak nearby compared to the agroforestry systems and within agroforestry systems boundary planting recorded numerically higher grain yield (2228 kg ha-1) than with bund planting (2081 kg ha-1). Significantly higher girth, volume and biomass of teak were recorded in bund planting (76.37 cm, 0.390 m3 and 215 kg, respectively) followed by silvi-horti system (72.65 cm, 0.381m3 and 209 kg, respectively) and boundary planting (69.10 cm, 0.342 m3 and 215 kg, respectively), whereas significantly lower girth, volume and biomass were recorded in block plantation (51.45 cm, 0.182 m3 and 100 kg, respectively). The study also revealed significantly lower crown spread in block plantation (2.85 m) followed by boundary planting (4.63 m).

On-farm evaluation of pigeonpea (Cajanus cajana L. Millsp.) - neem (Azadirachta indica A. Juss.) agroforestry systems in the Deccan Plateau

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Doddabasawa . ◽  
B. M. Chittapur ◽  
M. Mahadeva Murthy
Keyword(s):  
Tree Height ◽  
Agroforestry System ◽  
Agroforestry Systems ◽  
Tree Line ◽  
The North ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Dry Zone ◽  
Biomass Yields ◽  
Deccan Plateau

The performance of neem based agroforestry system was studied during 2016-17 under rainfed ecosystem on farmers’ fields on participatory mode in Yadagir district in the North-eastern dry zone (Zone II) of Karnataka. Grain and biomass yields and harvest index of pigeonpea did not vary significantly among the agroforestry systems. However, significantly lower grain (1192 kg ha-1) and biomass (5563 kg ha-1) yields of pigeonpea were recorded at 5 m distance away from the neem tree line (P=0.05) compared to the distances of 10 m ( 1450 and 6942 kg ha-1, respectively) and 15 m (1449 and 6720 kg ha-1, respectively) away from the tree line. Significantly higher grain yield (1520 kg ha-1) was observed in control without any proximity of trees compared to the agroforestry systems which accounted for a mean reduction of 11 per cent in yield. Among different agroforestry systems, significantly higher tree height was recorded in bund planting (7.61m) followed by boundary planting (7.38 m) and scattered planting (6.46 m) whereas the crown spread recorded was significantly lower in bund planting (6.27 m) followed by scattered planting (6.38 m) and boundary planting (6.68 m). There also existed non-significant difference in girth, volume and biomass of neem trees grown in different agroforestry systems. Further, the physicochemical properties of soil were found improved in agroforestry systems compared to control and the trend varied among the different agroforestry systems

scholarly journals ALLELOPATHIC EFFECTS OF ROSE WOOD, GUAVA, EUCALYPTUS, SACRED FIG AND JAMAN LEAF LITTER ON GROWTH AND YIELD OF WHEAT ( Triticum aestivum L.) IN A WHEAT-BASED AGROFORESTRY SYSTEM

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
J. IQBAL ◽  
H.A. RAUF ◽  
A.N. SHAH ◽  
B. SHAHZAD ◽  
M.A Bukhari
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Leaf Litter ◽  
Eucalyptus Camaldulensis ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Agroforestry System ◽  
Agroforestry Systems ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Syzygium Cumini ◽  
Allelopathic Effects

ABSTRACT Selection of tree species under agroforestry systems is crucial to sustain the productivity of a crop. In present study, allelopathic effects of the leaf litters of 5 trees named Rose wood (Dalbergia sissoo), Guava (Pisidium guajava), Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus camaldulensis), Sacred fig (Ficus religiosa) and Jaman (Syzygium cumini) species on wheat growth and yield was examined. Leaf litter of each tress species was mixed in soil with two doses @ 100 and 200 g of leaves of each species per pot. Higher shoot length, shoot dry weight, number of spikelets per spike and biological yield were recorded in 200 g sun dried Jaman (Syzygium cumini) leaves. Total number of tillers per plant and number of ears per plant were higher under the application of Eucalyptus camaldulensis leaves (200 g sun dried) as compared to other treatments. Spike length, grain yield per pot, number of grains per pot and harvest index were maximum in 200 g sun-dried Sacred fig (Ficu sreligiosa) leaves. Majority of the parameters were promoted at lower doses of leaves per pot, however, at higher doses they started inhibiting the growth and grain yield of wheat.

scholarly journals Assessment of genetic variability among bread wheat genotypes for agronomic and morphological traits under optimum and stress condition

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamiru Milkessa Olbana ◽  
Firew Mekbib ◽  
Wuletaw Tadesse
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Optimum Condition ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Water Regime ◽  
Stress Condition ◽  
Biomass Yield ◽  
Genetic Advance ◽  
Days To Maturity

Abstract Background Bread wheat is one of the most important cereal crops produced in almost all agro-ecologies of Ethiopia. Assessment of genetic variability in crop species is one of the major activities of plant breeding which helps to design breeding methods for further evaluation to meet the diversified goals. Methods The experiment was laid out in 8x8 simple lattice design under both optimum and stress conditions at middle Awash during 2019/20 growing season. Water stressed treatment was imposed by withholding three irrigation from 50% flowering up to physiological maturity. In the non-stressed water regime, plants were watered at every 10 days interval using furrow irrigation method. In order to avoid water leakage between treatments, the non-stressed water regime plots were established four meters away from the water stressed regime plots. Results Analysis of variance revealed highly significant (p ≤ 0.01) variation for all studied traits under both conditions. The variation observed for grain yield varied from 2.30-6.0 t ha− 1 and 1.01–4.36 t ha− 1 under optimum and stress conditions respectively. Genotypic and phenotypic coefficient of variation ranged from 3.88(days to maturity) to 20.84% (grain yield) and 4.76(days to maturity) to 24.73% (fertile tiller plant− 1) under optimum condition respectively. Under stress condition GCV and PCV ranged from 4.30(days to maturity) to 18.41% (fertile tiller plant− 1) and 5.19 (days to maturity) to 22.27% (fertile tiller plant− 1) respectively. Broad sense heritability and genetic advance as a percentage of mean ranged from 43(spike length) to 89% (biomass yield) and 6.51(days to maturity) to 40.33% (grain yield) under optimum condition respectively, whereas under stress condition it ranged from 23.40 (harvest index) to 86.1% (days to heading) and 5.69% (harvest index) to 33.34% (biomass yield) respectively. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance as a percentage of mean was recorded for biomass yield and grain yield under optimum condition, whereas for biomass yield and fertile tiller plant− 1under stress condition. Conclusions According to the mean performance of genotypes G3, G24, G26, G24 and G45 had yield advantage over checks under both conditions. Generally, the variation observed among the tested genotypes confirmed the possibility of improvement through selection and hybridization for the study area.

scholarly journals Growth regulator on oat yield indicators

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (12) ◽  
pp. 828-833
Author(s):  
Dionatan K. Krysczun ◽  
José A. G. da Silva ◽  
Anderson Marolli ◽  
Ana P. B. Trautmann ◽  
Alessandro D. Lucio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Growth Regulator ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Biomass Yield ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
The Other ◽  
Optimum Dose ◽  
Quadratic Trend ◽  
Very High ◽  
The Ideal

ABSTRACT Growth regulator in oat can reduce lodging with effects on yield indicators. The objective of the study is to define the optimum dose of growth regulator to reduce lodging in oats under different conditions of nitrogen (N) fertilization (reduced, high and very high) and the effects on yield indicators in the succession systems. In each succession system (soybean/oats and corn/oats), two experiments were conducted, one to quantify biomass yield and the other to estimate grain yield and lodging. In the four experiments, the design was randomized blocks with four replicates in 3 x 4 factorial scheme, for N-fertilizer doses (30, 90 and 150 kg ha-1) and growth regulator doses (0, 200, 400 and 600 mL ha-1), respectively. Growth regulator reduces lodging in oat plants, with the ideal doses of 500 mL ha-1 in the soybean/oat system and 400 mL ha-1 in the corn/oat system, regardless of the reduced, high and very high N doses. There is a linear reduction of biological and straw yields, and a quadratic trend in the expression of grain yield and harvest index as a function of the growth regulator doses, regardless of succession systems (soybean/oats and corn/oats).

Quality assessment of teak (Tectona grandis) wood from trees grown in a multi-stratified agroforestry system established in an Amazon rainforest area

Holzforschung ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriano Reis Prazeres Mascarenhas ◽  
Marta Silvana Volpato Sccoti ◽  
Rafael Rodolfo de Melo ◽  
Fernando Luiz de Oliveira Corrêa ◽  
Emanuel Fernando Maia de Souza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Tectona Grandis ◽  
Agroforestry System ◽  
Agroforestry Systems ◽  
Amazon Rainforest ◽  
Natural Forests ◽  
Specific Strength ◽  
Structural Applications ◽  
Minimum Requirements ◽  
Teak Wood

AbstractThe establishment of agroforestry systems (AFS) is a consistent strategy to integrate sustainable supply of wood, food and environmental services in a single land plot. Teak (Tectona grandis Linn. F.) is an interesting option for the tree component in AFS, though there is a lack of information on its potential. This study aimed to characterize the quality of teak wood produced in an AFS regarding its technological characteristics and best end uses. Wood was sampled from a multi-stratified AFS located in the midwestern region of Rondônia state, Brazil, more specifically in a formerly deforested area of Amazon rainforest. The AFS is composed of double-ranked perennial crops and the forest component has growing space of 5.0 × 2.5 m. Physical-mechanical properties of teak wood were assessed and the results indicated its medium to high dimensional stability along with mechanical performance very close to that determined for wood from either homogeneous plantations or natural forests. Specific strength was significantly higher than some tropical wood species with higher densities. Teak wood from the AFS reached the minimum requirements for structural applications, with suitable properties to be used in the manufacture of decks, partitions and, residential flooring.

scholarly journals Correlation and path coefficient analyses of phenological traits, yield components and quality traits in wheat

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (9) ◽  
pp. 597-603
Author(s):  
Hamideh Semnaninejad ◽  
Ghorban Nourmohammadi ◽  
Valiollah Rameeh ◽  
Ali Cherati
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Biomass Yield ◽  
Planting Date ◽  
Seeding Density ◽  
Quality Traits ◽  
Days To Maturity ◽  
Positive Direct ◽  
Gluten Index

ABSTRACT This study was conducted to characterize the phenological traits, yield components and quality traits affecting wheat grain yield. Three wheat genotypes were evaluated during three planting dates (November 20, December 5, and December 20) and at four seeding densities 300, 350, 400 and 450 seeds per m2 for two years. Multivariate analyses were conducted based on the interaction effects of planting date and seeding density (PS), planting date and genotype (PG) and seeding density and genotype (SG) mean values. The results of correlation analysis showed that grain yield was significantly and positively correlated with biomass yield (0.91**), days to spiking (0.81**), days to anthesis (0.83**), and days to maturity (0.57*) for PS; with biomass yield (0.94**), days to spiking (0.87**), days to anthesis (0.75*), and harvest index (0.83**) for PG; with gluten index (0.73**), harvest index (0.68*), and 1000-grain weight for SG. Path analysis revealed that biomass yield for PS and PG, harvest index for PG and SG, and gluten index for SG exhibited the highest positive direct effect. Stepwise regression analysis also revealed important effect of biomass yield, harvest index, and days to maturity for improving grain yield in different agronomical conditions.

scholarly journals Genetic Improvement of Lentil [Lens culinaris Medikus] Between 1980 and 2010 in Ethiopia

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-138
Author(s):  
Daniel Admasu Bogale ◽  
Firew Mekbib ◽  
Asnake Fikre
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Production Rate ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Biomass Yield ◽  
Grain Filling ◽  
Seed Growth ◽  
Grain Filling Period ◽  
Number Of Seeds

Information about changes associated with advances in crop breeding is essential for understanding yield-limiting factors and developing new strategies for future breeding programs. Eleven lentil varieties released in Ethiopia between 1980 and 2010 were grown in 2010 main cropping season at Debre Zeit and Enewari using Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications with the objective to estimate the genetic progress in grain yield and agro-morphological traits of lentil. The estimated yield gains were 18.02 kg ha-1yr–1 at Enewari and 27.82 kg ha-1yr –1 at Debre Zeit, which suggests that the breeding effort does not have a similar effect on the two locations. Besides, significantly increasing trends parallel to variety release were also evident for biomass yield, biomass production rate, reduced days to flowering, and hundred seed weight at Debre Zeit. And also for biomass yield, hundred seed weight, biomass production rate, seed growth rate, and reduced number of seeds per pod at Enewari. Stepwise regression analysis also showed that biomass yield, harvest index, reduced number of days to flowering and plant height at Debre Zeit; seed growth rate and grain filling period at Enewari accounted for 99.8% and 94.5% of the variation among the varieties in grain yield respectively. The genetic gain was most clearly associated with a higher biomass yield and harvest index at Debre Zeit indicating the importance of biomass partitioning. The increase in seed growth rate and grain filling period with gradual reduction in number of seeds per pod associated with an increased hundred seed weight has represented the main breeding goal with an effect on the sink capacity at Enewari.  

scholarly journals Selection for yield and its component traits in interspecific recombinant inbred lines of tef

2020 ◽  
pp. 77-82
Author(s):  
Fisseha Worede ◽  
Hailu Tefera
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Recombinant Inbred ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Biomass Yield ◽  
Recombinant Inbred Lines ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Panicle Length ◽  
Days To Heading ◽  
Positive Direct

Forty recombinant inbred lines (RILs) of interspecific cross of Eragrostis tef x E. pilosa were evaluated to study variability and interrelationships among agronomic traits using randomized complete block design. The RILs were evaluated for 17 traits. The result showed panicle length, rind penetrometer resistance of the first and the second basal internodes, 100-kernel weight, kernel weight per panicle, plant height and grain yield per plant had high estimates of genetic coefficient of variation, broad sense heritability and genetic advance. Thus, improvement of these traits could be attained through direct selection without the masking effect of the environment. The correlation study showed positive and significant (p<0.01) phenotypic and genotypic associations of grain yield per plant with days to heading and maturity, panicle length, 100-kernel weight, kernel weight per panicle, biomass yield per plant and harvest index. Genotypic path coefficient analysis revealed that panicle length, biomass yield per plant, crushing strength of the second basal internode, harvest index, days to heading and kernel weight per panicle exerted appreciable positive direct effect on grain yield per plant. These traits could, therefore, be considered as indirect selection criteria while selecting lines in order to improve grain yield of the interspecific population.

Response of canola and Indian mustard to sowing date in the grain belt of north-eastern Australia

2004 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. J. Robertson ◽  
J. F. Holland ◽  
R. Bambach
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Indian Mustard ◽  
Sowing Date ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Frost Risk ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
North Eastern

Sowing date is an important determinant of yield in canola. The arrival at an optimum sowing time will depend on trade-offs between lowered frost risk with delayed sowing and lowered yield potential. A comprehensive analysis of response to sowing date has not been conducted for northern environments, a new region for canola production. The aim of this study was to analyse the response of phenology, yield and oil content of current cultivars of canola to sowing date (April–September) in north-eastern Australia, using 17 sowings from Tamworth (31.09°S) to Lawes (27.55°S). Three cultivars were studied: an early and late flowering canola and an advanced breeding line of Indian mustard. For all 3 genotypes, a delay in sowing shortened the time to 50% flowering and to maturity, while differences among the genotypes in time to flowering for sowing dates around 15 May reflected their known differences in phenological development. For sowings at Tamworth beyond 15 May, a 1 day delay in sowing delayed flowering by 0.42, 0.42 and 0.37 days in Indian mustard, Monty and Oscar, respectively. Delay in maturity was 0.58, 0.56 and 0.54 days per day delay in sowing date. Yield and oil content penalties due to delayed sowing were similar to those found previously in other Australian environments. The decline of grain yield with delay in sowing date could be largely explained by the decline in biomass at maturity, while for oil content it could be related positively to harvest index and seed size, and negatively to temperature conditions post-anthesis. Indian mustard had a lower harvest index, grain yield and oil content than both canola cultivars. Oil content exceeded 40% in canola in half of the sowings. Information on the response of oilseed Brassicas to sowing date can be used to quantify the trade-offs between frost risk and crop productivity with sowing date for different cultivar types.

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