Bio-Physico-Chemical Response of Drought Tolerant Chickpeas to Nickel

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renu Yadav ◽  
Vanita Jain ◽  
Vaishali V.S Hegde ◽  
Neelam Yadav ◽  
Rajendra Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Reductase Activity ◽  
Crop Improvement ◽  
Nickel Chloride ◽  
Severe Toxicity ◽  
Chlorophyll Contents ◽  
Drought Tolerant ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Fruiting Stage ◽  
Chemical Response ◽  
Lower Nickel

Experiments were conducted to evaluate response of two genetically different drought tolerant varieties of Cicer arietinum L. namely PUSA 1103, Desi variety and PUSA 1105, Kabuli variety to the basal applications of nickel chloride doses viz; 0, 0.62, 3.12, 12.5, 62.5 and 125 µg g-1. Significant increase in the growth was observed at 0.62 and 3.12 µg g-1 nickel chloride doses. Addition of nickel dose above this level reduced the leaf area, plant growth, root length and yield of the plants. Fruiting stage showed more severe toxicity symptoms in comparison to the vegetative stages. Protein contents in seeds and chlorophyll contents along with nitrate reductase activity increased significantly in the leaves at the lower nickel doses. Peroxidase and superoxide-dismutase activities increased in a concomitant manner with increasing nickel concentrations. Increased concentrations of the soil applied nickel demonstrated an increase in the content of nickel higher in shoots also followed by roots. Accumulation of nickel and grain yield was higher in Desi chickpea variety PUSA 1103, indicating for its potential utilization in crop improvement strategies to breed new chickpea genotypes for nickel and drought resistance.

Relationships between physiological traits and productivity of sugarcane in response to water deficit

2012 ◽  
Vol 152 (1) ◽  
pp. 104-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. DE A. SILVA ◽  
J. L. JIFON ◽  
J. A. G. DA SILVA ◽  
C. M. DOS SANTOS ◽  
V. SHARMA
Keyword(s):  
Water Deficit ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Water Deficit Stress ◽  
Chlorophyll Contents ◽  
Physiological Variables ◽  
Drought Tolerant ◽  
Relative Water ◽  
Leaf Relative Water Content ◽  
Sugarcane Productivity ◽  
Response To Water

SUMMARYThe relationships between physiological variables and sugarcane productivity under water deficit conditions were investigated in field studies during 2005 and 2006 in Weslaco, Texas, USA. A total of 78 genotypes and two commercial varieties were studied, one of which was drought-tolerant (TCP93-4245) and the other drought-sensitive (TCP87-3388). All genotypes were subjected to two irrigation regimes: a control well-watered treatment (wet) and a moderate water-deficit stress (dry) treatment for a period of 90 days. Maximum quantum efficiency of photosystem II (Fv/Fm), estimated chlorophyll content (SPAD index), leaf temperature (LT), leaf relative water content (RWC) and productivity were measured. The productivity of all genotypes was, on average, affected negatively; however, certain genotypes did not suffer significant reduction. Under water deficit, the productivity of the genotypes was positively and significantly correlated with Fv/Fm, SPAD index and RWC, while LT had a negative correlation. These findings suggest that genotypes exhibiting traits of high RWC values, high chlorophyll contents and high photosynthetic radiation use efficiency under low moisture availability should be targeted for selection and variety development in programmes aimed at improving sugarcane for drought prone environments.

Proline accumulation and glutathione reductase activity induced by drought-tolerant rhizobacteria as potential mechanisms to alleviate drought stress in Guinea grass

2020 ◽  
Vol 147 ◽  
pp. 103367 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andres Eduardo Moreno-Galván ◽  
Sandra Cortés-Patiño ◽  
Felipe Romero-Perdomo ◽  
Daniel Uribe-Vélez ◽  
Yoav Bashan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Glutathione Reductase ◽  
Reductase Activity ◽  
Proline Accumulation ◽  
Drought Tolerant ◽  
Guinea Grass ◽  
Glutathione Reductase Activity

scholarly journals Iron Acquisition from Fe-Pyoverdine by Arabidopsis thaliana

2007 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 441-447 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gérard Vansuyt ◽  
Agnès Robin ◽  
Jean-François Briat ◽  
Catherine Curie ◽  
Philippe Lemanceau
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Iron Content ◽  
Reductase Activity ◽  
Iron Acquisition ◽  
Iron Nutrition ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
In Planta ◽  
Chlorophyll Contents ◽  
The Impact

Taking into account the strong iron competition in the rhizosphere and the high affinity of pyoverdines for Fe(III), these molecules are expected to interfere with the iron nutrition of plants, as they do with rhizospheric microbes. The impact of Fe-pyoverdine on iron content of Arabidopsis thaliana was compared with that of Fe-EDTA. Iron chelated to pyoverdine was incorporated in a more efficient way than when chelated to EDTA, leading to increased plant growth of the wild type. A transgenic line of A. thaliana overexpressing ferritin showed a higher iron content than the wild type when supplemented with Fe-EDTA but a lower iron content when supplemented with Fe-pyoverdine despite its increased reductase activity, suggesting that this activity was not involved in the iron uptake from pyoverdine. A mutant knockout iron transporter IRT1 showed lower iron and chlorophyll contents when supplemented with Fe-EDTA than the wild type but not when supplemented with Fe-pyoverdine, indicating that, in contrast to iron from EDTA, iron from pyoverdine was not incorporated through the IRT1 transporter. Altogether these data suggest that iron from Fe-pyoverdine was not incorporated in planta through the strategy I, which is based on reductase activity and IRT1 transporter. This is supported by the presence of pyoverdine in planta as shown by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and by tracing 15N of 15N-pyoverdine.

Effects of kitchen waste biofertilizer on growth and development of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) crop

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (1-2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shakti K. Prabhuji ◽  
Richa . ◽  
Shiraz A. Wajih ◽  
Rajesh K. Tiwari ◽  
Gaurav K. Srivastava
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Nitrate Reductase Activity ◽  
Reductase Activity ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Kitchen Waste ◽  
Chemical Fertilizers ◽  
Chlorophyll Contents ◽  
Shoot Ratio ◽  
Root Shoot Ratio

The growth and development of Wheat (Triticum aestivum Linn.) plant has been studied using self-prepared kitchen waste biofertilizer. The experimental plants which were grown using the biofertilizer prepared using the kitchen biodegradable wastes excelled on all the parameters tested (rate of seed germination, root – shoot ratio, chlorophyll contents in leaves and Nitrate Reductase activity) in comparison to traditional chemical fertilizers and therefore, the prepared biofertilizer has been found to be more effective nutrient supplier than the traditional chemical fertilizers.

scholarly journals Mechanistic Insights into Potassium-Conferred Drought Stress Tolerance in Cultivated and Tibetan Wild Barley: Differential Osmoregulation, Nutrient Retention, Secondary Metabolism and Antioxidative Defense Capacity

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (23) ◽  
pp. 13100
Author(s):  
Shafaque Sehar ◽  
Muhammad Faheem Adil ◽  
Muhammad Zeeshan ◽  
Paul Holford ◽  
Fangbin Cao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Wild Barley ◽  
Turgor Pressure ◽  
Nutrient Retention ◽  
Photosynthetic Parameters ◽  
Chlorophyll Contents ◽  
Tibetan Wild Barley ◽  
Drought Tolerant ◽  
Activity Enhancement ◽  
Barley Genotypes

Keeping the significance of potassium (K) nutrition in focus, this study explores the genotypic responses of two wild Tibetan barley genotypes (drought tolerant XZ5 and drought sensitive XZ54) and one drought tolerant barley cv. Tadmor, under the exposure of polyethylene glycol-induced drought stress. The results revealed that drought and K deprivation attenuated overall plant growth in all the tested genotypes; however, XZ5 was least affected due to its ability to retain K in its tissues which could be attributed to the smallest reductions of photosynthetic parameters, relative chlorophyll contents and the lowest Na+/K+ ratios in all treatments. Our results also indicate that higher H+/K+-ATPase activity (enhancement of 1.6 and 1.3-fold for shoot; 1.4 and 2.5-fold for root), higher shoot K+ (2 and 2.3-fold) and Ca2+ content (1.5 and 1.7-fold), better maintenance of turgor pressure by osmolyte accumulation and enhanced antioxidative performance to scavenge ROS, ultimately suppress lipid peroxidation (in shoots: 4% and 35%; in roots 4% and 20% less) and bestow higher tolerance to XZ5 against drought stress in comparison with Tadmor and XZ54, respectively. Conclusively, this study adds further evidence to support the concept that Tibetan wild barley genotypes that utilize K efficiently could serve as a valuable genetic resource for the provision of genes for improved K metabolism in addition to those for combating drought stress, thereby enabling the development of elite barley lines better tolerant of abiotic stresses.

scholarly journals Screening of marigold (Tagetes erecta L.) cultivars for drought stress based on vegetative and physiological characteristics

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adnan Younis ◽  
Atif Riaz ◽  
Muhammad Qasim ◽  
Farakh Mansoor ◽  
Faisal Zulfiqar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Drought Stress ◽  
Tagetes Erecta ◽  
Drought Treatment ◽  
Chlorophyll Contents ◽  
Drought Tolerant ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Cultivar Selection ◽  
Tagetes Erecta L ◽  
Water Scarce

<p>Drought tolerance is an important genotypic character to be exploited for the plant cultivar selection under water deficit conditions. In the recent study, we examined the response of two marigold cultivars (Inca and Bonanza) under different regimes of drought stress. The aim was to determine the best performing cultivar under water/drought stress. Three irrigation treatments include; 4 days (T<sub>1</sub>), 6 days (T<sub>2</sub>) and 8 days (T<sub>3</sub>) in comparison to control 1 day (T<sub>0</sub>) interval were imposed. Response characters under study were morphological, physiological and anatomical. Complete Randomized Design (CRD) with four replications in two factorial arrangements was followed for experiment layout. The results revealed that increasing water stress adversely affect plant height, in both cultivars. Both cultivars showed a decreasing trend to the number of flowers under water stress. Total chlorophyll contents including a, b were also showed reduction under prolonged drought treatment in both cultivars from (2.7 mg g<sup>-1</sup> FW) to (1 mg g<sup>-1</sup> FW). Overall, the performance of cultivar (cv.) Inca was satisfactory under water stress regimes. These results are helpful for selecting drought tolerant marigold cultivars in water scarce areas.   </p>

scholarly journals The antioxidative response of two tomato species with different drought tolerances as a result of drought and cadmium stress combinations

2011 ◽  
Vol 51 (No. 2) ◽  
pp. 57-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Ünyayar ◽  
Y. Keleş ◽  
F.Ö. Çekiç
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Shoot Growth ◽  
Cadmium Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Compounds ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Cd Uptake ◽  
Chlorophyll Contents ◽  
Tomato Species ◽  
Drought Tolerant

The effects of drought, cadmium (Cd) and drought-Cd combinations on antioxidant compounds, antioxidant enzymes and shoot growth were investigated for drought tolerant [Lycopersicon peruvianum (L.) Mill.] and sensitive of (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. cv. Lukullus) tomato species. Drought-Cd combinations significantly decreased shoot growth in both species (P &lt; 0.01), drought stress also decreased shoot growth in drought sensitive L. esculentum. Cd&nbsp;was accumulated higher in the roots of drought sensitive L. esculentum than drought tolerant L. peruvianum. The chlorophyll contents decreased in all stress treatments in L. esculentum but did not change in L. peruvianum. Carotenoid contents significantly increased in all stress treatments in both species (P &lt; 0.01). Significant increases in the contents of carotenoids in both species under stress conditions seemed to be associated with a protective role against reactive oxygen species (ROS). Ascorbate (ASC) content decreased during drought stress while increased under Cd&nbsp;stress. Catalase (CAT) and glutathione reductase (GR) activities significantly increased under drought stress in L. peruvianum while decreased in L. esculentum (P &lt; 0.001). Ascorbate peroxidase (APX) activity decreased under all stress treatments in both species. Drought and Cd stresses increased superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in both species. The present data did not show a relation between drought tolerance and levels of antioxidative defence system that was induced from Cd. However, there is a clear relationship between Cd uptake and drought tolerance of plants.

Study of Physico-chemical parameters of drinking and waste waters in Central Mountains in WadiMaytum, Ieb District , Yemen.

2021 ◽  
pp. 25-32
Author(s):  
Mustafa Siddig Mohammed ELKheir ◽  
Hatil Hashim EL-Kamali ◽  
Mutiaa Ahmed Nashir ◽  
Abdel Gawi EL-Fageeh
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Nickel Chloride ◽  
Permissible Limit ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Copper Manganese ◽  
Sodium Magnesium ◽  
Microbiological Parameters ◽  
Nitrite Nitrate ◽  
Iron Manganese

In the present study an attempt has been made to know the concentration of different physico-chemical and microbiological parameters in drinking/waste water samples collected from various wells of WadiMaytum, Ieb District, Yemen. Temperature, pH , EC, TDS, Total hardness, Turbidity, alkalinity, BOD,COD,Total coliforms, Faecal streptococci, sodium, magnesium, iron, calcium, lead, chromium, cadmium, copper, manganese, nickel, chloride, sulphate,nitrite, nitrate, ammonia and bicarbonate were assessed . The concentration levels of different parameters in the study samples are summarized , discussed and compared with drinking/waste water quality standards given by the WHO (1994;2006) APHA (2005)and SLS(1983) Standards. In our study, it was found that EC, TDS, TH, Alkalinity, COD, sodium, magnesium (except in closed well) , calcium and lead values were above permissible limit for drinking water whereas pH, turbidity, chlorine, sulphate, nitrates , nitrites, ammonia , iron, manganese, nickel (except in B and C wells), chromium, cadmium and copper values were within the permissible limit.

scholarly journals Use of physiological parameters as fast tools to screen for drought tolerance in sugarcane

2007 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 193-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcelo de A. Silva ◽  
John L. Jifon ◽  
Jorge A.G. da Silva ◽  
Vivek Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Crop Improvement ◽  
Relative Increase ◽  
Physiological Parameters ◽  
Screening Tools ◽  
Leaf Chlorophyll ◽  
Drought Tolerant ◽  
Relative Water ◽  
Leaf Relative Water Content

Drought is one of the major limitations to plant productivity worldwide. Identifying suitable screening tools and quantifiable traits would facilitate the crop improvement process for drought tolerance. In the present study, we evaluated the ability of four relatively physiological parameters (variable-to-maximum chlorophyll a fluorescence ratio, F v/F m; estimated leaf chlorophyll content via SPAD index; leaf temperature, LT; and, leaf relative water content, RWC) to distinguish between drought tolerant and susceptible sugarcane genotypes subjected to a 90-d drought cycle. Eight field-grown genotypes were studied. By 45 d after the onset of treatments, the F v/F m, SPAD index and RWC of drought-stressed plants had declined significantly in all genotypes compared to values at the onset of well-watered treatments. However, the reductions were more severe in leaves of susceptible genotypes. Under drought stress, the tolerant genotypes as a group, maintained higher F v/F m (8%), SPAD index (15%), and RWC (16%) than susceptible genotypes. In general, LT of drought-stressed plants was higher (~4ºC) than that of well-watered plants but the relative increase was greater among drought susceptible genotypes. Under drought stress, LT of tolerant genotypes was on average 2.2ºC lower than that of susceptible genotypes. The results are consistent with the tolerant-susceptible classification of these genotypes and indicate that these tools can be reliable in screening for drought tolerance, with F v/F m, SPAD index and LT having the added advantage of being nondestructive and easily and quickly assessed.

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