Cultural, Morphological and Molecular Characterization of Fusarium Oxysporum f.sp. Ciceris Inciting Wilt of Chickpea

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Venkataramanamma ◽  
B V Bhaskara Reddy ◽  
R Sarada Jayalakshmi ◽  
V Jayalakshmi ◽  
K V Hari Prasad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Radial Growth ◽  
Andhra Pradesh ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Pathogenicity Test ◽  
Highly Pathogenic ◽  
Length Width ◽  
White Mycelium ◽  
Morphological And Molecular Characterization

Thirty two isolates of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. ciceris (Foc) were collected from six districts of Andhra Pradesh (A.P) and three districts of Telangana. Based on wilting % in pathogenicity test, the isolates were grouped into three categories. All the isolates differed in cultural characters like mycelium colour, margin, texture, pigmentation and morphological characters like macro conidia, micro conidia length, width and chlamydospores diameter. There was no correlation between cultural and morphological characters of Foc isolates except three isolates (Foc-6, Foc-12 and Foc-17). These three isolates have white mycelium, cream colour pigmentation, slow radial growth and highly pathogenic (100% wilt incidence) in nature. Sporulation ability and radial growth of all isolates were also measured. All the isolates exhibited genetic variation in RAPD banding pattern and three major clusters (I, II and III) were found in the dendrogram. Maximum genetic similarity of 80.3% was observed between Foc-27 and Foc-28 isolates.

Morphological and molecular characterization of adult worms of Leucochloridium paradoxum Carus, 1835 and L. perturbatum Pojmańska, 1969 (Digenea: Leucochloridiidae) from the great tit, Parus major L., 1758 and similarity with the sporocyst stages

2013 ◽  
Vol 88 (4) ◽  
pp. 506-510 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Rząd ◽  
P. Hofsoe ◽  
R. Panicz ◽  
J.K. Nowakowski
Keyword(s):  
Parus Major ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Great Tit ◽  
Molecular Techniques ◽  
Morphological Identification ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
Morphological And Molecular Characterization ◽  
Sea Coast

AbstractUnlike the sporocyst stages, adult leucochloridiid digeneans are difficult to differentiate. Sporocyst broodsacs can be identified on the basis of their colour and banding pattern, but in the absence of broodsacs and when experimental infection cannot be performed, tentative morphological identification needs to be verified, and molecular techniques offer a tool to do this. In this study, adult leucochloridiid digeneans were collected from the great tit (Parus major) found dead at three localities at or near the Baltic Sea coast (Hel, Bukowo-Kopań and Szczecin) in northern Poland. On the basis of differences in their morphological characters, Hel specimens were tentatively assigned to Leucochloridium perturbatum, Bukowo-Kopań and Szczecin specimens being identified tentatively as L. paradoxum. Subsequent ribosomal DNA sequence analysis confirmed the identification of these leucochloridiid flukes. Nucleotide sequences discriminating between the two species were identical to those used by earlier authors as characteristic of two distinctly different sporocyst broodsacs representing L. perturbatum and L. paradoxum.

scholarly journals Morphological and molecular characterization of Fusarium spp. associated to the regional occurrence of wilt and dry bud rot in Agave tequilana

2019 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Viridiana López-Bautista ◽  
Gustavo Mora-Aguilera ◽  
María Alejandra Gutiérrez-Espinosa ◽  
Coral Mendoza-Ramos ◽  
Verónica Inés Martínez-Bustamante ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Fusarium Solani ◽  
Fusarium Fujikuroi ◽  
Agave Tequilana ◽  
Fusarium Spp ◽  
Impacto Económico ◽  
Morphological And Molecular Characterization

<p>La marchitez y pudrición seca del cogollo del agave (<em>Agave tequilana</em> var. azul) son enfermedades de alto impacto económico para este cultivo. En este trabajo se planteó determinar la implicación de <em>Fusarium</em> spp. en ambas enfermedades bajo un enfoque regional. Se colectaron muestras de raíz y suelo en 40 plantaciones comerciales ubicadas en 13 municipios de Los Altos Jalisco, importante región de cultivo de agave azul en México. De cada plantación de colecta se estimó carga de inóculo mediante un índice de <em>Fusarium</em> obtenido de unidades formadoras de colonias (<em>Fusarium</em> vs hongos totales) y se analizó su relación con pH y materia orgánica. Se obtuvieron 109 aislados caracterizados morfológicamente como <em>Fusarium</em> spp. de los cuales se seleccionaron 25 para identificación molecular con ITS y EF-1a. La selección consideró sintomatología, caracteres macro y microscópicos y prevalencia de tipologías de colonia observadas <em>in vitro</em> en medios Komada, Sabouraud, SNA y CLA. Los caracteres culturales y morfológicos evaluados fueron: coloración micelial, tamaño, forma y septación de macro y microconidios, y longitud y número de fiálides. Se asociaron cinco especies con marchitez y/o pudrición seca ubicadas en tres complejos filogenéticos: <em>F. oxysporum</em> del complejo de especies <em>Fusarium oxysporum</em> (FOSC) con 56% (46.2% suelo y 66.7% raíz) de representatividad regional; <em>F. solani, F. falciforme</em> y <em>Fusarium</em> sp. del complejo <em>Fusarium solani</em> (FSSC) (40%); y <em>Fusarium</em> sp. del complejo <em>Fusarium fujikuroi</em> (FFSC) (4%). MO y pH tuvieron correlación inversamente proporcional con Índice de <em>Fusarium</em> (<em>r2</em> = 0.68-0.70). Se postula que la marchitez y pudrición seca del cogollo de agave azul constituyen un síndrome en el cual se asocian y especializan parasíticamente diversas especies de <em>Fusarium</em>. Se encontró un aislado de los tres complejos de <em>Fusarium</em> asociados específicamente a cada tipo de síntoma y la combinación de ellos. La mayoría se asociaron a marchitez con predominancia de<em> F. oxysporum. </em>  </p><p> </p>

scholarly journals Prevalence of Seed Borne Fungi Associated with Chickpea Seeds and Biological and Chemical Control of Fusarium oxysporum Causing Wilt Disease

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 45-54
Author(s):  
MD Hossain ◽  
M Imran ◽  
KA Bhuiyan ◽  
ME Habib ◽  
M Ikrum
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Curvularia Lunata ◽  
Pathogenicity Test ◽  
Rhizopus Stolonifer ◽  
Highly Pathogenic ◽  
Storage Fungi ◽  
Colletotrichum Dematium ◽  
Aspergillus Sp ◽  
Highly Virulent

A total of 20 chickpea seed samples were collected from BARI, Gazipurand different locations of Savar, Dhaka district. Blotter method was used for detection of the associated fungi of chickpea seeds. Altogether 14 fungi comprising 12 genera namely Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus sp, Botryodiplodia theobromae, Botryti cinerea, Curvularia lunata, Chaetomium globosum, Cladosporium sp., Colletotrichum dematium, Fusarium oxysporum, Macrophomina phasaelina, Rhizoctonia solani, Rhizopus stolonifer and Stemphylium sarciniforme were isolated from chickpea seed samples. Among the fungi isolated fungi, F. oxysporumwas most prevalent with an average incidence of 18.95% and found in all the seed samples. The germination of seed samples varied from 55-90 % on blotter. The pathogenic fungi and other storage fungi like Aspergillus caused lower the germination of the seeds.A pathogenicity test was conducted with 20 isolates of F. oxysporum against their origin of chickpea seed samples in pot culture. The pathogenecity ranged from weak to highly pathogenic. The isolates FO 19, FO 17, FO 11 and FO 18 were highly virulent. The isolates FO 9, FO10 and FO 15 were virulent and rest of the isolates were moderately virulent. The isolates FO 2 and FO 3 were weak pathogen.J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 10(2): 45-54 2017

scholarly journals Morphological and Molecular Characterization of Rhizoctonia solani Isolates from Two Different Rice Varieties

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aisyah Surya Bintang ◽  
Arif Wibowo ◽  
Achmadi Priyatmojo ◽  
Siti Subandiyah
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Likelihood ◽  
Rhizoctonia Solani ◽  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Group Method ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Pair Group ◽  
Maximum Likelihood Tree ◽  
Morphological And Molecular Characterization

Six isolates of Rhizoctonia solani, i.e. two isolates collected from infected rice plants and four isolates from laboratory collection were studied by using morphological characters and molecular analysis. Un-weighted pair group method with arithmetic mean dendogram constructed based on cluster analysis showed that these isolates were grouped into three clusters at the 0.77 similarity coefficient. Cluster I consisted of BA, BNJ, and NBR isolates with 100% similarity and indicated that those were from AG 1 IA sub group, cluster II consisted of BND, and cluster III consisted of SL1 and SL2. Mycelium was very light brown or whitish with few and moderate sclerotia except SL1 and SL2. Molecular characterization showed that BA, BNJ, and NBR were amplified at 140 bp using Rs1F/Rs2R specific primer for R. solani AG1 IA. All isolates were amplified between 350−400 bp using Rhsp1 primer, meanwhile SL1 and SL2 were not amplified using AG2sp and AG22sp2 primers. Based on Maximum Likelihood tree analysis showed that SL1 and SL2 had high similarity based on ITS sequence data.IntisariEnam isolat Rhizoctonia solani yang berasal dari tanaman padi bergejala dan koleksi laboratorium diuji secara morfologi dan molekuler. Analisis UPGMA dengan koefisien persamaan 0,77 menunjukkan bahwa enam isolat tersebut terbagi atas tiga klaster. Klaster I terdiri atas isolat BA, BNJ, dan NBR dengan kesamaan 100% dan menunjukkan bahwa isolat tersebut berasal dari subgrup AG 1 IA , klaster II yakni isolat BND, dan klaster III terdiri atas isolat SL1 dan SL2. Miselium berwarna putih hingga cokelat muda dengan jumlah sklerotia sedang, kecuali isolat SL1 dan SL2. Uji keragaman secara molekuler menunjukkan bahwa isolat BA, BNJ, dan NBR teramplifikasi pada kisaran 140 bp dengan menggunakan  primer Rs1F/Rs2R yang merupakan primer spesifik dari R. solani AG1 IA. Seluruh isolat teramplifikasi pada kisaran 350−400 bp dengan menggunakan primer Rhsp1, sedangkan isolat SL1 dan SL2 keduanya tidak teramplifikasi oleh primer AG2sp dan AG22sp2. Analisis Maximum Likelihood tree berdasar data sekuen ITS menunjukkan bahwa isolat SL1 dan SL2 memiliki tingkat kesamaan yang tinggi.

scholarly journals Morphological aspects and effect of carbon sources in the physiology of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. passiflorae

2018 ◽  
pp. 77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aricleia de Moraes Catarino ◽  
Antonia A. C. Rodrigues, Machado Gois de Oliveira ◽  
Diogo H.S. Sardinha Gomes da Costa
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Aerial Mycelium ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Pathogenicity Test ◽  
Morphological Aspects ◽  
Yellow Passion Fruit

The objective of this study was to evaluate the morphological and physiological characteristics of F. oxysporum f. sp. passiflorae. Isolates were obtained from yellow passion fruit plants with fusariosis symptoms grown in four production poles. The pathogenicity test was carried out on seedlings of this crop, under greenhouse conditions. The morphological characters evaluated were the size of macroconidia and microconidia in single conidiophores or in false heads; number of septa, presence of basal cell in the macroconidia and chlamydospores, and the aspects of the colonies of the isolates cultivated in PDA culture medium for aerial mycelium formation and colony coloration. The carbon sources: starch, lactose, maltose and sucrose were tested for the three most virulent isolates obtained in the pathogenicity test. The mycelial growth was obtained through readings every 24 hours of the diameter of the colony in two diametrically opposite directions. Sporulation determination was performed by counting spores in a Neubauer chamber. The isolate Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. passiflorae 4 (FOP 4) was the most virulent. There was variation in the morphological characteristics of all the isolates. The starch provided the highest mycelial growth and the isolates showed preferences for a particular carbon source in the sporulation test.

scholarly journals Morphological and molecular characterization of Xiphinema species from Shenzhen, China

2016 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Zeng ◽  
W. Ye ◽  
Z. Zhang ◽  
H. Sun ◽  
L. Yong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acacia Mangium ◽  
Distinct Species ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Biodiversity Survey ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Nematode Biodiversity ◽  
Morphological And Molecular Characterization ◽  
Partial 18S

Summary During a nematode biodiversity survey from 2012 to 2014 in Shenzhen, China, ten nematode populations (SZX1301–SZX1310) of Xiphinema were recovered from rhizosphere of different plants, namely Acacia mangium (SZX1306), A. confuse (SZX1309), Blechnum orientale (SZX1301, SZX1302, SZX1307, SZX1308), Litchi chinensis (SZX1304, SZX1310) in Tianxinshan and Gleichenia linearis (SZX1303, SZX1305) in Yangmeikeng environmental monitoring sites. Morphological and molecular profiles of these populations were determined. Three species of Xiphinema, i.e., X. hunaniense Wang & Wu, 1992, X. brasiliense Lordello, 1951 and X. americanum Cobb, 1913 sensu lato were identified using morphological characters and molecular data of partial 18S and 28S D2–D3 rDNA expansion segments. Four populations (SZX1301–SZX1304) were X. hunaniense, one population (SZX1305) X. brasiliense, and five populations (SZX1306–SZX1310) X. americanum s.l.. Phylogenetic analysis based on sequences of the 28S rDNA D2–D3 expansion segment revealed these three species are all distinct species and supported a close relationship with their corresponding species. This is the first report of X. hunaniense, X. brasiliense and X. americanum s.l. in their hosts except for L. chinensis.

Morphological and molecular characterization of underutilized medicinal wild ginger (Zingiber barbatum Wall.) from Myanmar

2011 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 531-542 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noladhi Wicaksana ◽  
Syed Abdullah Gilani ◽  
Dawood Ahmad ◽  
Akira Kikuchi ◽  
Kazuo N. Watanabe
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Growth Habit ◽  
Crop Improvement ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Molecular Characteristics ◽  
Medicinal Species ◽  
Primer Sets ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Morphological And Molecular Characterization

Zingiber barbatum Wall. (family Zingiberaceae), is an underutilized medicinal plant and commonly known as ‘Meik tha-lin’ in Myanmar where it is used in the indigenous system of medicine. In the present study, 19 accessions of Z. barbatum from five provinces in Myanmar have been utilized to characterize and assess genetic diversity. Twenty-nine morphological characters were noted, including growth habit, leaf, pseudo-stem and rhizome characters. Fifteen primer sets of P450-based analogue (PBA) markers were used to reveal molecular characteristics. Of the 29 morphological characters, 22 showed a high degree of variation within wild ginger accessions, whereas 20 of these characters contributed significantly to morphological variation. Eleven amplified primer sets gave a total of 175 bands and exhibited 92.15% polymorphism across Z. barbatum accessions. Based on morphological characters and PBA markers, 19 accessions can be divided into two morphotype groups with comparatively higher genetic diversity. This information can be applied in future crop improvement, proper conservation and better use of this underutilized medicinal species.

scholarly journals The identification and pathogenicity of Fusarium oxysporum causing acacia seedling wilt disease

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soleha Soleha ◽  
Ahmad Muslim ◽  
Suwandi Suwandi ◽  
Sabaruddin Kadir ◽  
Rahmat Pratama
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Disease ◽  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Elongation Factor ◽  
Acacia Mangium ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Wilt Disease ◽  
Unknown Etiology ◽  
Pathogenicity Test ◽  
Pathogenic Species ◽  
Elongation Factor 1

AbstractWilt disease with unknown etiology causes mass mortality in commercial Acacia mangium nurseries in South Sumatra. This pathogen induces symptoms of chlorosis in the lower leaves and develops into the shoots; subsequently, the plants wither and die. This research identifies the pathogenic species causing this wilt disease and to assess its pathogenicity or virulence. Fifteen isolates of Fusarium oxysporum with varying colony sizes and color pigments were recovered from symptomatic A. mangium seedlings. The pathogenicity test showed that all isolates could infect plants with wilt severity reaching 80%, and the pathogen was verified as causing vascular disease. Koch’s postulate was verified by re-isolating the F. oxysporum isolates. The pathogen was confirmed by observing the morphological characters and elongation factor 1-α (tef1-α) gene sequences as F. oxysporum.

scholarly journals Blight Caused by Sclerotium rolfsii on Potted Ornamental Citrus in Sicily

Plant Disease ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 92 (6) ◽  
pp. 977-977 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Pane ◽  
M. Magnano di San Lio ◽  
F. Raudino ◽  
S. O. Cacciola
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Sclerotium Rolfsii ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Peat Moss ◽  
Citrus Limon ◽  
Pathogenicity Test ◽  
Sterile Water ◽  
Nursery Stock ◽  
White Mycelium

Approximately 140,000 container-grown ornamental citrus plants are produced each year in the province of Catania (eastern Sicily). In the spring of 2006, a severe blight was observed in a commercial nursery in Catania on 2-month-old rooted cuttings of lemon (Citrus limon (L.) Burm.) and calamondin (× Citrofortunella mitis (Blanco) J. W. Ingram & H. E. Moore). Approximately 80% of the nursery stock of 2,000 cuttings was affected. Cuttings were grown in 7.5-cm2 pots made with compressed peat and wood pulp at 28 to 30°C with 95 to 100% relative humidity on benches in a greenhouse, The pot mix was composed of peat, perlite, and soil (2:1:2). Cuttings showed a dark brown necrotic lesion at the base of the stem that extended upward, resulting in chlorosis and wilting of the leaves. An invasive, white, cottony mycelium with a fan-like pattern and numerous, small, brown spherical sclerotia (0.5 to 4.0 mm in diameter) developed on infected tissues, in the potting mix as well as on the pot wall. Herbaceous cuttings collapsed within 2 weeks while woody cuttings gradually died. Symptomatic basal stem sections were disinfected for 1 min in 1% NaOCl, rinsed in sterile water, and plated on acidified (pH 4.5) potato dextrose agar (PDA). Isolations consistently yielded a fungus whose morphological characters corresponded to Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc. On PDA, it produced a septate mycelium with clamp connections and numerous olive brown-to-clove brown sclerotia (1 to 3 mm in diameter). Pathogenicity of two S. rolfsii isolates (IMI 396204 and IMI 396205) from citrus was confirmed on 3-month-old lemon cuttings grown in 10-cm-diameter plastic pots filled with a sterilized mix of peat moss and vermiculite (3:1) (10 cuttings for each isolate). Each pot was inoculated with 15 sclerotia harvested from 6-week-old cultures on PDA and placed on the soil surface around the base of the cutting. Ten noninoculated cuttings served as the control. Cuttings were kept in a growth chamber at 28°C and relative humidity at >95%. All inoculated cuttings showed wilting, blight, and stem rot within 3 weeks after inoculation. White mycelium and sclerotia were produced on the stem base and soil surface. Noninoculated controls remained symptomless. S. rolfsii was reisolated from infected cuttings. The pathogenicity test was repeated once with calamondin cuttings and the results were similar. Blight caused by S. rolfsii is widespread in nurseries of ornamentals in Italy (1). However, to our knowledge, this is the first report of this disease on potted ornamental citrus. Probably high temperature and moisture during rooting were conducive to the disease. References: (1) A. Garibaldi et al. Malattie Delle Piante Ornamentali. Calderini Edagricole, Bologna, Italy, 2000.

Morphological and molecular characterization of Laimaphelenchus deconincki (Nematoda: Aphelenchoididae) based on specimens from Iran

Biologia ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 69 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramezan Asghari ◽  
Ali Eskandari
Keyword(s):  
Ribosomal Rna ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Taxus Baccata ◽  
Northern Iran ◽  
Long Tail ◽  
Lateral Field ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Labial Disc ◽  
Morphological And Molecular Characterization

AbstractDuring a survey for nematodes associated with conifers in northern Iran, a known species of Laimaphelenchus was found in the bark samples of Taxus baccata L. trees and is described and illustrated here as L. deconincki Elmiligy & Geraert, 1972. It is characterized by lacking a distinct labial disc on the cephalic region; having six amalgamated labial sectors of equal width, separated by pairs of well-developed ribs; three lines in lateral field; the presence of a vulva flap; vagina surrounded by a cuticularised tube in which the walls vary in thickness; the post-uterine sac 25–62 μm long; tail with a single stalk-like terminus and four pedunculate tubercles; and absence of males. L. deconincki is morphologically very similar to L. cocuccii, but differs in the shape of the vaginal musculature (more angular vs round). Additional information on morphological characters and also the phylogenetic relationships of this known species using sequences of the D2/D3 region of the 28S ribosomal RNA gene is provided and added herein.

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