Insect Pests of Black Gram (Vigna mungo L.) and Their Management in Vindhya Region

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Indrajeet Singh Rajawat ◽  
Akhilesh Kumar ◽  
M. A. Alam ◽  
R. K. Tiwari ◽  
A, K. Pandey
Keyword(s):  
Natural Enemies ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Peak Level ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Black Gram ◽  
Pest Population ◽  
Aphid Infestation ◽  
Minimum Relative Humidity ◽  
Weather Parameters

A study was conducted during the Kharif season of 2016-17 divulged the beginning of white fly infestation was recorded in the 5th week of July and reached a peak level 10.93 N and A /plant in the 4th week of August and aphid infestation was recorded in the 2nd week of August and reached a peak level 12.40 N and A /plant in the 2nd week of September. Correlation coefficient values for white fly and aphid population incidence and weather parameters showed that maximum and minimum temperature had positive influence while maximum and minimum relative humidity besides rainfall had negative influence on both the pest population. The incidence of ten species of insect pests and six species of natural enemies on the crop from germination to harvesting stages. Out of these insect pests six sap feeder; two defoliator; one stem feeder and one flower feeder were observed to infest in the urdbean. Therewith, six species of natural enemies were observed in the black gram variety T-9 under the agro-climatic condition of district Rewa. Evaluate the efficacy of Flubendiamide 24 % + Thiacloprid 24% SC 200 ml/ha, Flubendiamide 39.35% SC 125 ml/ha, Thiacloprid 21.7% SC 250 ml/ha, Chlorantraniliprole18.5% SC 160 ml/ha, Flubendiamide 24 % + Thiacloprid 24% SC 250 ml/ha, Quinalphos 25% EC 1500 ml/ha, Thiomethoxam 25% WG 125 g/ha and Emamectin benzoate 5% SG 220 g/ha against the Bemisia tabaci and Aphis craccivora. Thiacloprid 21.7% SC was found significantly most effective against white fly while, Thiomethoxam 25% WG was found significantly most effective against aphid.

Seasonal Incidence of Pulse Aphid (Aphis craccivora Koch.) and its Natural Enemies on Field Pea (Pisum sativum L.) in Relation to Some Abiotic Factors in Alluvial Zone of West Bengal

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Pal ◽  
S. Samanta ◽  
A. Banerjee
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Pisum Sativum ◽  
Natural Enemies ◽  
West Bengal ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Field Pea ◽  
Pest Population ◽  
Pisum Sativum L ◽  
Aphis Craccivora Koch ◽  
Weather Parameters

Background: Field pea, Pisum sativum L. is an important winter-season pulse crop. It is subjected to damage by both field and storage insect pests and approximately 10-15 per cent reduction in yield was reported due to the infestation of different insect pests. Among these, pulse aphid (Aphis craccivora Koch.) affects plant physiology directly by removal of nutrients or indirectly by dispersal of various viral diseases. The present investigation has been aimed to study the seasonal fluctuations of aphids and their natural enemies as well as their correlation. Another objective was to know the effect of various weather parameters on pulse aphids and their natural enemies which ultimately would be helpful to develop a forewarning model.Methods: The field experiment was conducted at the A-B Block Farm of Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Nadia, West Bengal using two varieties of field pea (KPMR 935 and IFPD 122) during rabi seasons of two consecutive years of 2017-18 and 2018-19 following a Randomized Block Design with three replications. After recording the total population of both pests (nymphs and adults) and their natural enemies across the season, the mean population was worked out and used for correlation and regression studies along with the weather parameters. Result: Maximum aphid population was noticed during the peak pod formation stage of the crop irrespective of the varieties. The pest population was very strongly correlated with the incidence of coccinellid and ant population in both test varieties. Among the weather parameters, both maximum and minimum temperature and sunshine hour showed a positive correlation with the pest population and their natural enemies but relative humidity and rainfall showed a negative correlation. Regression studies indicated that temperature and relative humidity were the most influencing factors over the incidence of aphid in both the seasons.

scholarly journals Population dynamics of stem fly and defoliator pests of soybean and their natural enemies in relation to weather parameters

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (AAEBSSD) ◽  
pp. 17-26
Author(s):  
R. Bala Muralidhar Naik ◽  
K. Vijaya Lakshmi ◽  
M. Venkataiah ◽  
C. Srinivas ◽  
G. Uma Devi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Enemies ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Peak Activity ◽  
Lepidopteran Insect ◽  
Weather Parameters ◽  
Lepidopteran Pest ◽  
Tobacco Caterpillar

The field experiment was carried out at Polasa Farm, Regional agricultural research station Jagtial during the Kharif, 2014-15 and 2015-16. Study about pre dominant lepidopteran insect –pests in soybean crop noticed that the tobacco cut worm, (Spodptera exigua Hubner), green semi looper(Crysodexis acuta Walker), and tobacco caterpillar (Spodoptera litura Fab) along with stemfly, (Melanagromyza obtusa Zehnter) as non lepidopteran pest were noticed at various growth stages of cropgrowth. The peak activity of stem fly (37.84%) was observed during 37th standard week per meter row) for the year 2014 and for the year 2015 to a maximum infestation of 35.70 per cent during 30th std.week. The peak activity of caterpillar pests i.e., S. litura (7.6 larvae per meter row) for the year 2014 was observed during 34th std.week and for the year 2015 (12.4 per meter row during 36th std.week and C. acuta (0.7 larvae per meter row) during 36th std. week for the year 2014 and for the year 2015 (2.20 larvae/mrl on 37th std week. S. exigua (1.6 larvae per meter row) for both the years 2014 and 2015 was observed during 32th std.week Among the natural enemies, one predators namely, spiders (Oxyopes sp. was observed to prey on the insect pests.The biocontrol agent’s one species, lynx spider, Oxyopes sp. population recorded on the crop during Kharif , 2014 ranged from 0.15 to 0.40 /mrl and 0.15 to 0.60/ mrl during Kharif, 2015.

scholarly journals Studies on population dynamics of major pests of Ailanthus excelsa Roxb

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (4(SI)) ◽  
pp. 1168-1173
Author(s):  
V. Manimaran ◽  
◽  
M. Suganthy ◽  
A. Balasubramanian ◽  
P. Pretheepkumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Seasonal Abundance ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Pest Population ◽  
Peak Period ◽  
Ailanthus Excelsa ◽  
Major Pest ◽  
Weather Parameters ◽  
R Value

Aim: To study the peak period of incidence of major pest of Ailanthus excelsa. Methodology: Seasonal abundance of major insect pests of A. excelsa viz., ailanthus defoliator and ailanthus webworm were studied in 5-year-old plantation at Forest College and Research Institute, Mettupalayam from April, 2018 to March, 2019. Weekly observations were made on the abundance of major insect and pest population which were correlated with weekly weather parameters. Results: Monitoring the population dynamics of insect pests revealed that the major key pests were ailanthus defoliator and webworm. The highest number of ailanthus defoliator (38.00 larvae per tree) and webworm (33.90 larvae per tree) were recorded during 44th standard week in 5-year-old plantation. Correlation analysis revealed that maximum temperature (Tmax) was negatively correlated with ailanthus defoliator with the r value of -0.299. Regarding webworm, wind velocity and evaporation rate were negatively correlated with the r value of -0.412 and -0.361 and was found to be statistically significant at 1% level. Interpretation: Seasonal abundance of this information helps us to take decision for the management of A. excelsa pests.

scholarly journals Abundance of sucking insect pests on some flowering plants in relation to weather parameters

2021 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 241-248
Author(s):  
MR Amin ◽  
MA Islam ◽  
M Afroz ◽  
SJ Suh
Keyword(s):  
Insect Pests ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Weather Variables ◽  
Weather Factors ◽  
Significant Negative Impact ◽  
Weather Parameters ◽  
Mealy Bug

The study was conducted from November 2017 to May 2018 in the experimental field at Gazipur, Bangladesh to investigate the incidence of sucking pests namely gladiolus thrips Teniothrips simplex, tuberose aphid Aphis craccivora, marigold aphid Neotoxoptera oliveri, and dahlia mealybug Plannococcus citri on their cultivated host plants in relation to temperature, relative humidity and rainfall. Results showed that the abundance of gladiolus thrips, tuberose aphid, marigold aphid and dahlia mealy bug reached the peak in the 3rd week of January, 3rd week of February, 1st week of January and 1st week of February, respectively. Among the weather factors, temperature had significant negative impact on the abundance of gladiolus thrips, marigold aphid and tuberose aphid, whereas rainfall showed significant negative influence only on marigold aphid. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that weather variables collectively predicted 55.9%, 75.9%, 44.5%, and 34.6% abundances of gladiolus thrips, marigold aphid, tuberose aphid and dahlia mealybug, respectively. Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res.56(4), 241-248, 2021 

scholarly journals Incidence of Major Insect Pests and Natural Enemies in Three Rice Growing Seasons of Bangladesh

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-43
Author(s):  
S Afrin ◽  
M N Bari ◽  
M M M Kabir ◽  
A B M A Uddin ◽  
S S Haque
Keyword(s):  
Natural Enemies ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
The Other ◽  
Major Peak ◽  
Pest Population ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Pest Monitoring ◽  
Reliable Source ◽  
Rice Pest

Incidence of insect pests and their associated natural enemies was investigated from July 2017- June 2018 at six locations (Gazipur, Rajshahi, Barishal, Sonagazi, Rangpur, Cumilla) of Bangladesh to identify their major occurrence period as well as their incidence in three rice growing seasons, (Aus, T. Aman, and Boro). Among the tested locations, marked differences were found in the composition of insect pest and natural enemies. Higher number of pest population was found at Gazipur with 80,000 individuals for insect pest and 40,000 individuals for natural enemies. At least one peak for major insect pest and natural enemies suggested their specific occurrence period across the locations. Among the insect pests, major peak of GLH was found at Gazipur and Rajshahi during T. Aman season with 4,000 individuals for each location. In contrast, BPH population was as high as 10,000 individuals for Gazipur in October during T. Aman season. Additionally, it was high at Rajshahi in October and November with around 2,000 individuals of BPH. For WBPH, one major peak was found in October at Gazipur and Rajshahi with 10,000 and 2,000 individuals respectively. For YSB, it was higher at Rajshahi in October with over 6,000 individuals during T. Aman season. Moreover, one major peak also observed in Barishal with over 2,000 individuals in November. Among natural enemies, CDB population was observed mainly at three locations in between October and November with 900 individuals for Gazipur, 400 individuals for Rajshahi and 200 individuals for Barishal during T. Aman season. In contrast, for STPD population, two major peaks were found in Barishal with 6,000 and 5,000 individuals in December and March respectively during Boro season. For GMB population, it was observed at Gazipur in November with more than 20,000 individuals during T. Aman season whereas Rajshahi had around 2,000 individuals in the same month. However, higher incidence of GLH, BPH, and WBPH at Gazipur and Rajshahi suggested availability of insect pests during T. Aman season. In contrast, higher YSB incidence at Barishal and Rajshahi indicated their abundance in those areas. On the other hand, incidence of natural enemies at Gazipur indicated presence of greater biological control compared with other locations. In future, this information could serve as a reliable source in strengthening rice pest monitoring services as well as effective pest control in Bangladesh. Bangladesh Rice j. 2019, 23(1): 35-43

Does Diversity in The Boardroom Add Value to a Firm?

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Firm Performance ◽  
Panel Data ◽  
Firm Size ◽  
Significant Influence ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Board Composition ◽  
Board Diversity

This study examines whether board diversity affects firm performance. We investigate this study using panel data of a sample of S&P 500 firms during a 12 year period. After controlling for industry, firm size, and other board composition variables, we find that all three board diversity variables of interest – gender, ethnicity, and age have a significant influence on firm performance. While ethnicity and age have a positive influence on firm performance, it was found that gender has a negative influence. Implications for future research are discussed.

scholarly journals Transgenerational Effects of a Neonicotinoid and a Novel Sulfoximine Insecticide on the Harlequin Ladybird

Insects ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 681
Author(s):  
Changchun Dai ◽  
Michele Ricupero ◽  
Zequn Wang ◽  
Nicolas Desneux ◽  
Antonio Biondi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors ◽  
Harmonia Axyridis ◽  
Biocontrol Agent ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Management Approach ◽  
Generalist Predator ◽  
Cotton Aphid ◽  
Transgenerational Effects ◽  
Harlequin Ladybird

The harlequin ladybird, Harmonia axyridis Pallas (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae), is a generalist predator and an effective biocontrol agent of various insect pests that has been exploited for the control of aphid pests in the greenhouse and field. However, insecticides are widely used to control aphid pests worldwide and the potential non-target effects of sulfoxaflor and imidacloprid for controlling aphid pests towards this biocontrol agent are little known. Although both sulfoxaflor and imidacloprid act on nicotinic acetylcholine receptors of insects, sulfoxaflor has a novel chemical structure compared with neonicotinoids. We assessed the lethal, sublethal and transgenerational effects of sulfoxaflor and imidacloprid on H. axyridis simultaneously exposed via ingestion of contaminated prey and via residual contact on the host plant at LC20 and LC50 doses estimated for the cotton aphid. Imidacloprid significantly reduced the survival of H. axyridis adults compared to sulfoxaflor at the same lethal concentration against cotton aphid. Both concentrations of imidacloprid and sulfoxaflor reduced the proportion of ovipositing females, and both concentrations of imidacloprid and sulfoxaflor, except LC20 dose of sulfoxaflor, reduced the fecundity and fertility of the parental generation. In the progeny of imidacloprid- and sulfoxaflor-exposed parents, both tested LC50 concentrations significantly decreased the juvenile survival rate, and both concentrations of imidacloprid and sulfoxaflor, except LC20 dose of sulfoxaflor, prolonged the development time. Our findings provide evidence of the negative influence of imidacloprid and sulfoxaflor at low lethal concentrations on the harlequin ladybird and on the progeny of exposed individuals, i.e., transgenerational effects. Hence, these findings stress the importance of optimizing the applications of imidacloprid and sulfoxaflor for the control of aphid pests, aiming at preserving the biocontrol services provided by H. axyridis throughout the integrated pest management approach.

scholarly journals Concerns or Desires Post-Pandemic: An Extended MGB Model for Understanding South Korean Residents’ Perceptions and Intentions to Travel to China

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 2542
Author(s):  
Guanghui Qiao ◽  
Xiao-li Zhao ◽  
Luqi Xin ◽  
Seokchool Kim
Keyword(s):  
Mass Media ◽  
Latent Variables ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Mainland China ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Extended Model ◽  
South Korean ◽  
Structural Relationships ◽  
China Post

In this study, we examined South Korean residents’ travel-related behavioural intention for mainland China post-COVID-19 using an extended model of goal-directed behaviour. To do so, we integrated South Korean residents’ perceptions of country image (PCI), mass media, and concerns about travel into the framework of the original model of goal-directed behaviour (MGB). Structural equation modelling was used to identify the structural relationships among the latent variables. The results show that mass media had a positive influence on South Korean residents’ perception of China’s image, a negative influence on residents’ concerns, and a positive influence on residents’ behavioural intentions for travel overseas. Meanwhile, PCI had a positive influence on residents’ attitude towards travel overseas. The theoretical and practical implications of the study are discussed.

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