Biological Management of Fusarium Wilt in Chickpea (Cicer Arietinum L.) Caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceris

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Murali Sankar ◽  
S Vanitha ◽  
A Kamalakannan ◽  
P Anantha Raju ◽  
P Jeyakumar
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Wilt ◽  
Root Colonization ◽  
Wilt Disease ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Pseudomonas Chlororaphis ◽  
Cicer Arietinum L ◽  
Yield Parameters ◽  
Colonization Ability ◽  
Growth Promoting ◽  
Biological Management

In the present study, the three rhizobacterial strains (CPs3, CBs5 and Pf1) and fungal antagonists (CTs2 and Tv1) were evaluated against Fusarium wilt of chickpea under glasshouse and field conditions. Among all the treatments the strain CPs3 (Pseudomonas chlororaphis) has recorded highest germination (100%) and yield parameters viz., yield of 1194.4 kg/ ha with 13 (Number of pod bearing branches/plant), 32.3 (Pods/plant) and 33.0 g of 100 seeds weight with lowest incidence of wilt at 14.3% with disease reduction 80.7% (glasshouse) and 21.67% with 70.18% in the field conditions when compared to other biocontrol agents. The highest population of 8.2 x105 cfu/ g of soil and followed by Pf1 (Pseudomonas fluorescens) recorded 7.5 x105 cfu/g of soil. The strain CPs3 (Pseudomonas chlororaphis) had better growth promoting traits and management of the wilt disease in chickpea with superior root colonization ability.

scholarly journals Control of Fusarium Disease in Onion with Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) and Mycorrhizae and Its Effect on Growth and Yield of Onion

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 23
Author(s):  
Salamiah Salamiah ◽  
Muhammad Anton Ciptady ◽  
Chatimatun Nisa
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Wilt ◽  
Combined Treatment ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria ◽  
Wilt Disease ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Mycorrhizal Inoculation ◽  
Growth Promoting ◽  
Inhibition Ability

<p>The productivity of onion in Indonesia is generally low due to fusarium wilt disease.  Biological controls can be applied using PGPR and Mycorrhizae. The purpose of this research was understand the interaction between PGPR and Mycorrhizal inoculation against fusarium wilt intensity as well as the growth and yield of onions. The isolation of <em>Fusarium oxysporum</em> f.sp <em>cepae</em> and PGPR, followed by the tests of PGPR inhibition ability, phosphate solvent and HCN compound productivity. The method used in the field was a completely randomized design (CRD) with 2 replications. Results showed that the combination of PGPR and mycorrhizae as a whole was unable to suppress <em>Fusarium</em> wilt disease, but had significant effect to postpone the incubation period (26,19 days after inoculation) and increase the growth and yield of onion compared to the onion plants infected with <em>Fusarium</em> but without the combined treatment of PGPR and mycorrhizae and the PGPR treatment and mycorrhizal treatment as single treatments; the application of mycorrhizae as the single factor had a very significant effect on the number of bulbs, but had no significant effect on the inhibition of fusarium wilt intensity as well as the growth and yield of onions.</p>

scholarly journals Diminished Pathogen and Enhanced Endophyte Colonization upon CoInoculation of Endophytic and Pathogenic Fusarium Strains

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 544 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria E. Constantin ◽  
Babette V. Vlieger ◽  
Frank L. W. Takken ◽  
Martijn Rep
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Wilt ◽  
Root Colonization ◽  
Wilt Disease ◽  
Fungal Colonization ◽  
Plant Defences ◽  
Crop Species ◽  
Disease Symptoms ◽  
Tomato Species ◽  
Tomato Roots ◽  
Pathogen Colonization

Root colonization by Fusarium oxysporum (Fo) endophytes reduces wilt disease symptoms caused by pathogenic Fo strains. The endophytic strain Fo47, isolated from wilt suppressive soils, reduces Fusarium wilt in various crop species such as tomato, flax, and asparagus. How endophyte-mediated resistance (EMR) against Fusarium wilt is achieved is unclear. Here, nonpathogenic colonization by Fo47 and pathogenic colonization by Fo f.sp. lycopersici (Fol) strains were assessed in tomato roots and stems when inoculated separately or coinoculated. It is shown that Fo47 reduces Fol colonization in stems of both noncultivated and cultivated tomato species. Conversely, Fo47 colonization of coinoculated tomato stems was increased compared to single inoculated plants. Quantitative PCR of fungal colonization of roots (co)inoculated with Fo47 and/or Fol showed that pathogen colonization was drastically reduced when coinoculated with Fo47, compared with single inoculated roots. Endophytic colonization of tomato roots remained unchanged upon coinoculation with Fol. In conclusion, EMR against Fusarium wilt is correlated with a reduction of root and stem colonization by the pathogen. In addition, the endophyte may take advantage of the pathogen-induced suppression of plant defences as it colonizes tomato stems more extensively.

Efficacy of newly developed biopesticides for the management of wilt disease complex of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
S P Singh ◽  
Mujeebur Rahman Khan
Keyword(s):  
Meloidogyne Incognita ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Wilt Disease ◽  
Pochonia Chlamydosporia ◽  
Cicer Arietinum L ◽  
Disease Complex ◽  
Novel Technology ◽  
Significant Yield ◽  
Biological Management ◽  
Control Application

Effectiveness of three biopesticides viz., Biowilt-X (based on Trichoderma harzianum), Bionem-X (based on Pochonia chlamydosporia) and Biocure-X (based on Bacillus subtilis) were tested against wilt (Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceri), root-knot (Meloidogyne incognita) and the wilt disease complex (F. oxysporum f. sp. ciceri + M. incognita) of chickpea (cv. BG-256). The biopesticides were developed by involving novel technology patented in USA and India and were applied to seeds (5 g/kg seed) and soil (40 g/microplot) to evaluate their effectiveness against the target diseases under field conditions. The pesticides viz., carbendazim and nemacur were applied @ 1.25 kg a.i./h and 6.0 kg a.i./h as soil application, and 2g/kg seed as seed treatment. Chickpea grown in the plots infested with pathogens singly or concomitantly developed characteristic wilt and root-knot symptoms, and exhibited significant yield decline. Application of biopesticides checked the severity of the diseases and the resulting yield declines. Application of Biowilt-X decreased the wilt incidence by 60% and promoted the yield of chickpea (46%) grown in F. oxysporum f. sp. ciceri infested plots. The biopesticides Bionem-X and Biocure-X were found effective against root-knot disease and suppressed the galling by 20 and 12% and promoted the yield of infected chickpea plants by 28 and 34% in comparison to the control. Application of Biocure-X was found highly effective against the fungus-nematode wilt disease complex; its seed treatment substantially controlled the wilt and root-knot, and increased the yield of concomitantly infected chickpea by 49°C. Biocure-X was found more effective in increasing the nodulation as compared to other treatments. Effect of carbendazim and nemacur was significant (P Less Than 0.05) in checking the wilt, root knot and disease complex but were not as effective as biopesticides. The present study has demonstrated that biological management of wilt, root-knot and disease complex can be successfully achieved with the application of the developed biopesticides.

Effect of genotype and root colonization in biological control of fusarium wilts in pigeonpea and chickpea byPseudomonas aeruginosaPNA1

2003 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanamala Anjaiah ◽  
Pierre Cornelis ◽  
Nico Koedam
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Wilt ◽  
Root Colonization ◽  
Wilt Disease ◽  
Disease Suppression ◽  
Tn5 Mutants ◽  
Phenazine Production ◽  
Phenazine Antibiotics ◽  
Fusarium Wilts

Pseudomonas aeruginosa PNA1, an isolate from chickpea rhizosphere in India, protected pigeonpea and chickpea plants from fusarium wilt disease, which is caused by Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. ciceris and Fusarium udum. Inoculation with strain PNA1 significantly reduced the incidence of fusarium wilt in pigeonpea and chickpea on both susceptible and moderately tolerant genotypes. However, strain PNA1 protected the plants from fusarium wilt until maturity only in moderately tolerant genotypes of pigeonpea and chickpea. Root colonization of pigeonpea and chickpea, which was measured using a lacZ-marked strain of PNA1, showed tenfold lower root colonization of susceptible genotypes than that of moderately tolerant genotypes, indicating that this plant–bacteria interaction could be important for disease suppression in this plant. Strain PNA1 produced two phenazine antibiotics, phenazine-1-carboxylic acid and oxychlororaphin, in vitro. Its Tn5 mutants (FM29 and FM13), which were deficient in phenazine production, caused a reduction or loss of wilt disease suppression in vivo. Hence, phenazine production by PNA1 also contributed to the biocontrol of fusarium wilt diseases in pigeonpea and chickpea.Key words: biocontrol, fusarium wilts, phenazines, Pseudomonas.

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