Identification of new sources of resistance in Rajmash (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) against powdery mildew (Erysiphe polygoni) and stem rot (Sclerotinia sclerotiorum) diseases

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. K. Mishra ◽  
A. K. Parihar ◽  
T. Basvaraj ◽  
Krishna Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Central India ◽  
Stem Rot ◽  
Sclerotinia Stem Rot ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Sources Of Resistance ◽  
Potential Yield ◽  
Powdery Mildew Disease ◽  
Rot Disease

Rajmash (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is one of the important legume crops of North and Central India. This crop is commonly affected by most devastating diseases like powdery mildew and stem rot. Therefore, identification of new resistance source is urgently needed to achieve potential yield. In present investigation fifty-two genotypes of rajmash comprising landraces, cultivars and exotic genotypes were screened against powdery mildew and stem rot diseases under natural field conditions during rabi 2014-15 and 2015-16. The results revealed that, out of 52 genotypes screened against powdery mildew disease, four genotypes/cultivars were free from powdery mildew disease, 16 were found resistant, 12 were moderately resistant, 4 were moderately susceptible, 10 were susceptible and 6 lines were highly susceptible. In case of Sclerotinia stem rot disease, out of 52 genotypes 20 genotypes exhibited resistance, 12 moderately resistance, 7 found susceptible and 5 genotypes were highly susceptible. Furthermore, only four genotypes viz., EC150250, BLF101, EC 565673A and GPR 203 demonstrated resistance reaction against both powdery mildew and stem rot disease. Thus, these genotypes could be used in breeding programme as donor for development of disease resistant varieties against powdery mildew and stem rot disease in future.

MicroRNA319a regulates plant resistance to Sclerotinia stem rot

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weiguo Dong ◽  
Wenqing Ren ◽  
Xuan Wang ◽  
He Yuke
Keyword(s):  
Plant Resistance ◽  
Host Susceptibility ◽  
Stem Rot ◽  
Sclerotinia Stem Rot ◽  
Sequencing Data ◽  
Mobility Shift ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
Affected Plant ◽  
Mobility Shift Assay ◽  
Rot Disease

Abstract MicroRNA319a (miR319a) controls cell division arrest in plant leaves by inhibiting the expression of TCP (TEOSINTE BRANCHED 1/CYCLOIDEA/PCF) family genes. However, it is unclear whether miR319a influences infections by necrotrophic pathogens and host susceptibility. In this study, we revealed that miR319a affected plant resistance to stem rot disease of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. In the plants of Brassica rapa infected with S. sclerotiorum, miR319a levels increased while expression levels of several BraTCP genes significantly decreased compared with those of the uninfected plants. The overexpression of BraMIR319a in B. rapa increased the susceptibility of the plants to S. sclerotiorum and aggravated stem rot disease, whereas the overexpression of BraTCP4-1 promoted the plant resistance. Our RNA-sequencing data revealed a potential relationship between miR319a and pathogen-related WRKY genes. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay, electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) and reporter transaction assay showed that BraTCP4-1 was bound to the promoters of WRKY75, WRKY70, and WRKY33 genes and directly activated these pathogen-related genes. Moreover, the expression levels of WRKY75, WRKY70, and WRKY33 in the plants overexpressing BraMIR319a declined significantly whereas those of the plants overexpressing BraTCP4-1 increased significantly. These results suggest that miR319a and its targeted gene BraTCP4 regulate stem rot resistance through pathways of WRKY genes.

scholarly journals Stem Rot of Common Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Caused by Sclerotium rolfsii

2012 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-141
Author(s):  
Jin-Hyeuk Kwon ◽  
Dong-Wan Kang ◽  
Youn-Sig Kwak ◽  
Ok-Hee Choi ◽  
Seong-Sook Han
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Sclerotium Rolfsii ◽  
Stem Rot ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L

scholarly journals Novel Source of Biotic Stress Resistance Identified from Brassica Species and its Wild Relatives

Proceedings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 195
Author(s):  
Rashmi Yadav ◽  
J. Nanjundan ◽  
Ashish K. Gupta ◽  
Mahesh Rao ◽  
Jameel Akhtar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Indian Mustard ◽  
Wild Relatives ◽  
Lepidium Sativum ◽  
Sclerotinia Stem Rot ◽  
Sources Of Resistance ◽  
Alternaria Blight ◽  
White Rust

In rapeseed and mustard, the major diseases (downy mildew, white rust, Alternaria blight and Sclerotinia stem rot) cause 37–47%loss in pod formation and 17–54% reduction in grain yield. The identification of new sources of resistance is a high priority in breeding programs. About 3000 germplasm accessions of Indian mustard were evaluated under multiple environments (3 seasons) at hot spots (4 locations) and under artificial epiphytophic conditions against insect pests and diseases (aphids, white rust, powdery mildew and Alternaria blight). Accessions IC265495, IC313380, EC766091, EC766133, EC766134, EC766192, EC766230, EC766272 were identified as highly resistant to white rust (A. candida) with disease severity reaction (Percent disease severity Index, PDI = 0) under artificial inoculation. Accession RDV 29 showed the inheritance of resistant source for powdery mildew in Indian mustard. Screening of brassica wild relatives (about 25 species) for white rust found that Brassica fruticulosa, Brassica tournefortii, Camelina sativa, Diplotaxis assurgens, D. catholica, D. cretacia, D. Erucoides, D. Muralis, Lepidium sativum had highly resistance (PDI = 0) to Delhi isolates of white rust. Several traits identified from cultivated and related species will be useful for genetic improvement of rapeseed and mustard.

New sources of resistance to anthracnose and angular leaf spot of beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)

Euphytica ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 741-754 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. F. Schwartz ◽  
M. A. Pastor Corrales ◽  
S. P. Singh
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Leaf Spot ◽  
Angular Leaf Spot ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Sources Of Resistance

scholarly journals Variabilidad patogénica de Colletotrichum lindemuthianum y resistencia en germoplasma de Phaseolus vulgaris L. de Ecuador

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diego Rodríguez-Ortega ◽  
Laura Vega-Jiménez ◽  
Ángel Rubén Murillo-Ilbay ◽  
Eduardo Peralta-Idrovo ◽  
Juan Carlos Rosas-Sotomayor
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Durable Resistance ◽  
Colletotrichum Lindemuthianum ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Sources Of Resistance ◽  
Improved Varieties ◽  
Physiological Races ◽  
Resistant Varieties ◽  
Pathogenic Variability

Anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum lindemuthianum is one of the most economically important diseases of bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) cultivation in Ecuador. The best control alternative is the use of resistant varieties. C. lindemuthianum presents great pathogenic variability, which hinders the development of varieties with a lasting resistance, therefore, the knowledge of the presence and distribution of the physiological races of the pathogen and the identification of resistance genes are key to developing varieties with broad and lasting resistance. The objective of this research was to determine the pathogenic variability of C. lindemuthianum and to evaluate the resistance of Ecuadorian bean germplasm. The research was carried out between 2013 and 2014. Seventeen isolates of C. lindemuthianum from northern central Ecuador were characterized by the inoculation of a group of twelve standard differential bean varieties. Among the analyzed samples, thirteen races were identified; five of those races had not been previously reported in the country. The differential G2333 (Co-42, Co-52 and Co-7) presented resistance to every characterized races in Ecuador. In addition, twenty - one improved varieties and elite bean lines were evaluated with sixteen of the seventeen isolates, three genotypes were identified (TB2, TB3 and INIAP 485 Urcuquí) with resistance to the mentioned isolates, which can be used as sources of resistance to Anthracnose. The identified sources of resistance in this study will allow to plan the development of bean varieties with broad and durable resistance to C. lindemuthianum.

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