Frequency of heterotic hybrids in relation to parental genetic divergence and general combining ability in blackgram [Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper]

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.M. Boraiah ◽  
M. Byregowda ◽  
C.M. Keerthi ◽  
H.P. Vijayakumar ◽  
S. Ramesh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Divergence ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
General Combining Ability ◽  
Vigna Mungo ◽  
Per Se

An investigation was carried out to test the predictability of frequency of heterotic hybrids based on parental gca effects and genetic diversity in blackgram. The 40 F1s effected using 10 lines and 4 testers were evaluated along with their parents for 10 productivity per set raits. The overall gca status (high and low) of each parent and overall sca and heterotic status (high and low) of each hybrid across 10 traits were determined. Based on overall gca status and genetic divergence of parents, the hybrids were grouped into different classes. The hybrids involving parents contrasting for overall gca status and/or those involving parents with intermediate genetic divergence were more frequently heterotic than those involving comparable gca status and with extreme genetic divergence. It is hence, desirable to involve parents with intermediate genetic divergence and contrasting gca effects to recover higher frequencies of heterotic hybrids for productivity per se traits in blackgram.

scholarly journals Heterosis, Combining Ability, Genetic Diversity and their Interrelationship in Pigeonpea [Cajanus cajan (L.) Millspaugh]

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Chandra ◽  
S.K. Verma ◽  
A.K. Gaur ◽  
C. Bisht ◽  
A. Gautam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Block Design ◽  
General Combining Ability ◽  
F1 Hybrids ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Degree Of Dominance ◽  
Correlation Result ◽  
Per Se

Background: The development of superior hybrids is must to break the existing yield plateau ( less than 800 kg/ha) in pigeonpea and hence, the genetic mechanism governing the heterosis in pigeonpea must be decoded. Methods: The present study was laid down using randomized block design during kharif 2018-19 at GBPUAT, Pantnagar with 36 genotypes (8 parents and 28 F1 hybrids) of pigeonpea. The estimates of combining ability were evaluated by using the Griffing’s, Method II, Model I. The observations recorded for yield and related traits were subjected to the estimation of genetic diversity (GD) using the D2 statistics. The correlation between heterosis and different parameters viz., parental mean (PM), specific combining ability (SCA), mean of general combining ability (MGCA) and genetic diversity (GD) were estimated by using Pearson’s correlation. Result: High estimates of SCA variance and more than unity ( greater than 1) average degree of dominance for all the characters indicated the presence of over dominance. The SCA followed by MGCA were found to be most reliable parameters to predict the heterosis. The parents having high x low or high x high per se performance, good x poor GCA effects and with medium genetic diversity resulted in high frequency of heterotic hybrids.

scholarly journals Multivariate genetic divergence and hybrid performance of cacao (Theobroma cacao L.)

1997 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luiz Antônio dos Santos Dias ◽  
Paulo Yoshio Kageyama
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Divergence ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
General Combining Ability ◽  
Group Classification ◽  
Racial Groups ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Diversity Estimates ◽  
Theobroma Cacao L

Genetic distances among cacao cultivars were calculated through multivariate analysis, using the D2 statistic, to examine racial group classification and to assess heterotic hybrids. A 5 x 5 complete diallel was evaluated. Over a five-year period (1986-1990), five cultivars of the S1 generation, pertaining to the Lower Amazon Forastero and Trinitario racial groups and 20 crosses between the corresponding S0 parents were analyzed, based upon five yield components - number of healthy and collected fruits per plant (NHFP and NCFP), wet seed weight per plant and per fruit (WSWP and WSWF), and percentage of diseased fruits per plant (PDFP). The diversity analysis suggested a close relationship between the Trinitario and Lower Amazon Forastero groups. A correlation coefficient (r) was calculated to determine the association between genetic diversity and heterosis. Genetic distance of parents by D2 was found to be linearly related to average performance of hybrids for WSWP and WSWF (r = 0.68, P < 0.05 and r = 0.76, P < 0.05, respectively). The heterotic performance for the same components was also correlated with D2, both with r = 0.66 (P < 0.05). A relationship between genetic divergence and combining ability effects was suggested because the most divergent cultivar exhibited a high general combining ability, generating the best performing hybrids. Results indicated that genetic diversity estimates can be useful in selecting parents for crosses and in assessing relationships among cacao racial groups.

scholarly journals Analysis of Per Se and Genetic Diversity of Maize Synthetic Populations for Grain Quality: Implications for Breeding

2010 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Voichita HAS ◽  
Alin GULEA ◽  
Ioan HAS ◽  
Ana COPANDEAN
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Quality Traits ◽  
Maize Germplasm ◽  
Synthetic Populations ◽  
Per Se

The objective of this research was to determine whether phenotypic and genetic diversity could be identified for maize grain quality traits (percentage of starch, protein, oil, fiber and ash) and agronomic traits. 59 maize synthetic populations which differed in earliness and for geographic origins were evaluated in the field at the Agricultural Research Station Turda - Romania, for their per se value. Each synthetic population was tested only one year and was characterized for their ear characteristics and grain quality attributes. The grain oil and ash content showed high variability among genotypes. The experiment was conducted over 2 years (2006-2007) and 2 locations (Turda and Targu-Mures). Analysis of variance showed significant differences among the genotypes for all traits studied. General combining ability (GCA) effects were more important for grain content than specific combining ability (SCA). The occurrence of low interactions between synthetic populations and testers for all characters suggested the occurrence of high statistical additive effects expressed whatever the system of population evaluation. These results support breeding effort towards the genetic improvement of grain quality traits in “Turda” maize germplasm.

Assessment of genetic diversity in black gram [Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper] genotypes based on ISSR

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Divya Vyas ◽  
Arunabh Joshi ◽  
Ganesh Rajamani ◽  
Devendra Jain
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Phylogenetic Relationship ◽  
Genetic Divergence ◽  
Vigna Mungo ◽  
Issr Marker ◽  
Black Gram ◽  
Versatile Tool ◽  
Issr Primers

A study was carried out among 22 black gram genotypes to study the genetic diversity using 20 ISSR primers. Screening of the primers revealed that only 15 out of the 20 primers produced amplification. A total of 84 amplified bands were obtained, out of which 72 were polymorphic 85.71 percent polymorphism. The total number of amplified bands varied between 1 (UBC-813 and UBC-878) and 9 (UBC-826) with an average of 5 bands per primer. The overall size of PCR amplified products ranged between 250 bp to 2000 bp. PIC values ranged from 0.00 to 0.51 with an average of 0.285 across all genotypes. Five unique bands were detected in four genotypes, out of which the genotype U-9 gave maximum number of distinct bands. The size of these unique bands ranged from 450 bp to 2000 bp. Based on the UPGMA derived dendrogram and PCA, the 22 genotypes could be divided into four main clusters. While Cluster I included 16 genotypes, the Clusters II, III and IV included two genotypes each. Genotypes IC-16511 and UTTARA, UH-177 and IPU2K-21, STY-2834 and UH-177 were found to be genetically distant from each other with a minimum similarity value of 0.42. The results are encouraging with the suggestion that the ISSR marker could prove to be a versatile tool in further screening of the Vigna germplasm pool for study of genetic divergence and the establishment of phylogenetic relationship amongst accessions.

Impact of Genetic Divergence on the Ratio of Variance Due to Specific vs. General Combining Ability in Winter Triticale

Crop Science ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 49 (6) ◽  
pp. 2119-2122 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Fischer ◽  
J. Möhring ◽  
H.P. Maurer ◽  
H.-P. Piepho ◽  
E.-M. Thiemt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Divergence ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
General Combining Ability ◽  
Winter Triticale

scholarly journals Genetic Diversity Studies in Seed Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp) Genotypes

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 533-538
Author(s):  
A. R. Patil G. C. Shinde ◽  
V. R. Awari S. I. Tambe
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Vigna Unguiculata ◽  
Genetic Divergence ◽  
Geographical Region ◽  
High Genetic Diversity ◽  
Geographic Diversity ◽  
Cluster Distance ◽  
Per Se ◽  
Diversity Studies

Thirty three seed cow genotypes (Vigna unguiculata L. WALP) collected from different geographical region were assessed for their genetic divergence based on ten characters during kharif-2020 at Post Graduate Farm, MPKV, Rahuri. The genotypes were grouped into six clusters which indicating high genetic diversity among them. It indicated that genetic diversity and geographic diversity are not related. The present study revealed that days to 50% flowering contributed maximum (34.09%) for divergence followed by plant height (32.58%), number of pods per plant (10.98%) and test weight (8.71%). Based on inter-cluster distance, intra-cluster distance and per se performance the genotypes viz., CP-04, CP-10, CP-10R, PCP-1411, CP-37, CP-10R,CP-39 and Phule Sonali are suggested to utilize for future breeding programme.

scholarly journals General and specific combining ability of cotton germplasm in Mozambique using circulant dialells

2021 ◽  
pp. 933-939
Author(s):  
Leonel Domingos Moiana ◽  
Pedro Soares Vidigal Filho ◽  
Manuel Pedro Maleia ◽  
Sudanailly Mufambira ◽  
Joaquim João ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Experimental Design ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
General Combining Ability ◽  
Specific Combining Ability ◽  
Additive Effects ◽  
Cotton Yield ◽  
Seed Cotton

The genetic diversity of species is an important way to maintain the natural capacity to respond to climate change and all stresses. This study aimed to estimate the general combining ability (GCA) and the specific combining ability (SCA) of the characteristics among 41 cotton cultivars and 9 inbred lines using circulant diallel. In 2016, 41 cultivars and 9 inbred lines and 75 hybrid combinations were evaluated at the Namialo Cotton Research and Seed and Multiplication Centre in the Meconta District, Nampula province. The experimental design was Federer's augmented blocks with four repetitions. The evaluated characteristics were: days for 50% of flowering (DAFlw), days for 50% of fruiting (DAFrut), plant height, average number of bolls (AnB), seed cotton yield in kilograms per hectare (Yield) and the mass of one hundred seeds (M100). The algorithm for establishing diallel crosses was based on Kempthorne and Curnow, where S was equal to 3. There was a predominance of non-additive effects for all characteristics analysed. The genotypes ALBAR FQ 902, IRMA 12-43 and MARICO showed greater additive effects for DAFlw, DAFrut, AnB, Yield and, M100

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