Yield and physiological responses of mungbean Vigna radita (L.) Wilczek genotypes to high temperature at reproductive stage

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Chand ◽  
A. S. Nandwal ◽  
N. Kumar ◽  
Sarita Devi ◽  
S. Khajuria
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Physiological Responses ◽  
Stability Index ◽  
High Temperature Stress ◽  
Reproductive Stage ◽  
Stress Injury ◽  
Chlorophyll Stability Index ◽  
Sowing Dates ◽  
Relative Stress ◽  
Screen House

A study was conducted to examine the physiological responses and yield of contrasting mungbean genotypes viz, MH 421, MH 318 and Basanti differing in their sensitivity to high temperature raised in earthen pots (30 cm diameter) filled with 5.5 kg of dune sand (Typic Torrispamments) under screen house conditions. High temperature stress was given by manipulating sowing dates i.e. normal (12th March, 2013) and late (29th March, 2013) sown. Samplings were done at 3 and 7 days after exposure (DAE) of temperature above 35°C at reproductive stage. Sampling below 35°C temperature was considered as control. High temperature resulted in decreased chlorophyll stability index, chlorophyll and carotenoid contents, relative stress injury and yield. Sensitive genotypes showed large reductions in aforementioned physiological traits. On the other hand, tolerant genotype (MH 421) maintained higher chlorophyll stability index, chlorophyll and carotenoid contents, relative stress injury and yield. After 7 days of exposure to high temperature under late sown, A significant decrease was noticed in genotypes MH 318 and Basanti.

Physiological Divergence in Green Gram [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek] Genotypes for Drought and High Temperature Stress Tolerance During Flowering Phase

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Jincy ◽  
V. Babu Rajendra Prasad ◽  
A. Senthil ◽  
P. Jeyakumar ◽  
N. Manivannan
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Temperature Stress ◽  
Stability Index ◽  
Field Capacity ◽  
High Temperature Stress ◽  
Reproductive Stage ◽  
Green Gram ◽  
Temperature Stresses ◽  
Relative Water ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical

Background: Drought and high temperature stress limits the crop production. Development of drought and high temperature tolerant cultivars that can withstand and yield better under adverse conditions is very much important to ensure the food and nutritional security. Green gram is one of the important pulse crops with high nutritional and economic value. Among the various stages of plant growth and development, reproductive stage is highly sensitive to drought and high temperature stress across all species. The main objective of this study was to evaluate green gram germplasm collection and identification of elite greengram genotypes that can withstand drought and high temperature stresses at reproductive stage. Methods: The experiment was conducted during March-April, 2019, at National Pulses Research Centre, Vamban, Pudukottai district, Tamil Nadu. To study the influence of combined drought and high temperature stress during reproductive stage, the green gram genotypes were sown in pots. Six pots were maintained for each genotype of which three were maintained at 100% field capacity (control) and for another three; drought stress (50% field capacity for 5 days) was imposed combined with high temperature stress (36 ± 2°C) during reproductive phase (35 Days after sowing). At the end of stress period, physiological and biochemical analysis were carried out to identify the tolerant green gram genotypes against drought and high temperature stresses.Result: In the present study, drought and high temperature stress has negative impact on green gram physiology. Among the genotypes screened for their tolerance at reproductive stage, the following green gram genotypes viz., TARM 1, VGG 15029, VGG 17003, VGG 17004, VGG 17006, VGG 17010 and VGG 17019 were found to withstand drought and high temperature stress and maintain high total chlorophyll content, relative water content and chlorophyll stability index. These green gram gramplasm can be used in pulse breeding program to evolve resilient green gram varieties. Screening of 29 green gram genotypes for drought and high temperature stress during reproductive stage were carried out by maintaining the drought stress (50% field capacity for 5 days) combined with high temperature stress (36 ± 2°C) during reproductive stage (35 days after sowing) by pot culture experiment. Total chlorophyll, relative water content, chlorophyll stability index (CSI), oxidants and antioxidant activity were quantified to identify the tolerant green gram genotypes against drought and high temperature stresses. Based on physiological and biochemical parameters, the following green gram genotypes viz., TARM 1, VGG 15029, VGG 17003, VGG 17004, VGG 17006, VGG 17010 and VGG 17019 were found to withstand and tolerate combined drought and high temperature stresses at flowering stage.

scholarly journals Effects of Abscisic Acid on High-Temperature Stress Injury in Cucumber

1994 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 393-399 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masayuki Oda ◽  
Dissanayake M Thilakaratne ◽  
Zhi Jun Li ◽  
Hidekazu Sasaki
Keyword(s):  
Abscisic Acid ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Temperature Stress ◽  
High Temperature Stress ◽  
Stress Injury

scholarly journals Differential modulation of heat inducible genes across diverse genotypes and molecular cloning of a sHSP from Pearl millet [Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.]

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
S MukeshSankar ◽  
C. Tara Satyavathi ◽  
Sharmistha Barthakur ◽  
S.P Singh ◽  
Roshan Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Pearl Millet ◽  
Temperature Stress ◽  
Expression Profiling ◽  
Stability Index ◽  
High Temperature Stress ◽  
Seedling Stage ◽  
Transcript Expression ◽  
Membrane Stability Index

AbstractEnvironmental stresses negatively influence survival, biomass and grain yield of most crops. Towards functionally clarifying the role of heat responsive genes in Pearl millet under high temperature stress, the present study were carried out using semi quantitative RT- PCR for transcript expression profiling of hsf and hsps in 8 different inbred lines at seedling stage, which was earlier identified as thermo tolerant/susceptible lines through initial screening for thermo tolerance using membrane stability index among 38 elite genotypes. Transcript expression pattern suggested existence of differential response among different genotypes in response to heat stress in the form of accumulation of heat shock responsive gene transcripts. Genotypes WGI 126, TT-1 and MS 841B responded positively towards high temperature stress for transcript accumulation for both Pgcp 70 and Pghsf and also had better growth under heat stress, whereas PPMI 69 showed the least responsiveness to transcript induction supporting the membrane stability index data for scoring thermotolerance, suggesting the efficacy of transcript expression profiling as a molecular based screening technique for identification of thermotolerant genes and genotypes at particular crop growth stages. As to demonstrate this, a full length cDNA of Pghsp 16.97 was cloned from the thermotolerant cultivar, WGI 126 and characterized for thermotolerance. The results of demonstration set forth the transcript profiling for heat tolerant genes can be a very useful technique for high throughput screening of tolerant genotypes at molecular level from large cultivar collections at seedling stage.

scholarly journals Physiological and Yield Responses of Some Selected Rapeseed/ Mustard Genotypes to High Temperature Stress

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-56
Author(s):  
Faruque Ahmed ◽  
IM Ahmed ◽  
N Mokarroma ◽  
F Begum ◽  
A Jahan
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
High Temperature Stress ◽  
Development Stage ◽  
Grain Development ◽  
Leaf Chlorophyll ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
Sowing Dates

A pot experiment was conducted with five selected rapeseed/mustard genotypes (BJDH-11, BJDH-12, BJDH-20, BARI Sarisha-14, and BARI Sarisha-16) under two sowing dates (November 20 and December 20) for evaluating their responses to sowing date induced high temperature stress during rabi season of 2017-18. Sowing dates induced temperature variability showed remarkable changes in pheonlogy, leaf area, leaf chlorophyll content, dry matter production and seed yield. Although December 20 sown crop received lower temperatures (minimum 9.8 to 13.2 and maximum 22.6 to 27oC) than November 20 sown crop (minimum 14.8 to 16.4 and maximum 21 to 27.2oC) at flowering but reverse was found at grain development stage. Grain development stage of November 20sown crop received lower temperatures (minimum 8.2 to 13.2 and maximum 24.1 to 27 oC) while December 20 sown crop received higher temperatures at grain development stage (minimum 8.2 to 18 and maximum 22.6 to 32.5oC).As a result December 20 sown crop matured earlier (6 to 9 days) than November 20 sown crop. Leaf area/plant was higher in December 20 sown crops compared to November 20 sown but total dry matter production was more or less same in both the sowing dates. Leaf chlorophyll content did not show any remarkable variation due to variation in sowing dates. However, antioxidant activity like Catalyse (CAT), Peroxidase (POD) Ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and Malondial dehyde (MDA) were found higher in December 20 sown crops than that of November 20sown. Higher activity of APX, POD and CAT with lower activity of MDA indicates comparatively high temperature tolerant genotype. Among the genotypes APX, POD and CAT activity were found higher with lower activity of MDA in BJDH-11 and BJDH-20 and these genotypes also gave higher yield than others. On the basis of growth parameters, antioxidant activity and seed yield of genotype BJDH-11 and BJDH-20 could be select as terminal high temperature tolerance genotypes. Bangladesh Agron. J. 2019, 22(1): 47-56

scholarly journals Assessing antioxidant system and yield of maize (Zea mays L.) inbreds under elevated temperature condition

2021 ◽  
pp. 146-151
Author(s):  
L. Priyanandhini ◽  
M. K. Kalarani ◽  
A. Senthil ◽  
N. Senthil ◽  
K. Anitha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Elevated Temperature ◽  
Temperature Stress ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
High Temperature Stress ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Reproductive Stage ◽  
Maize Inbreds

Maize (Zea mays L.) is the most important food and feed crop grown under diverse soil and climatic conditions. Among the cereals, demand for maize is increasing year after year, but fluctuation in climatic conditions especially the temperature extremes is the current and future threat in maize cultivation. Each degree Celsius increase in global mean temperature causes yield reduction up to 7.4 per cent in maize. The high temperature stress impact at the reproductive stage affects grain filling rate and duration. Adaptation of maize crop to future warmer climatic conditions requires a better understanding of physiological responses to elevated temperatures. With this view, a pot culture experiment was conducted at the Department of Crop Physiology, TNAU, Coimbatore during the summer season of 2020. Two maize inbreds viz., UMI 1230 and CBM-DL- 322 were taken for the study and exposed to high temperature stress treatments viz., T1 - ambient, T2 - ambient+4°C and T3 - ambient+6°C (44°C) for 10 days during the reproductive stage to assess the changes in biochemical and yield traits. The ambient+4ºC treatment revealed that the maize inbred line CBM-DL-322 recorded lower malondialdehyde content with over production of antioxidant enzyme activity (superoxide dismutase, catalase and ascorbate peroxidase). Cob weight and seed set parentage showed a negative correlation with both elevated temperatures. It is concluded that the maize inbreds line CBM-DL- 322 performed better at an elevated temperature at ambient+4°C and recorded more cob weight (57.09g) compared to UMI 1230 inbred (43.56g).

scholarly journals Physio-Biochemical and Yield Response of Chickpea Genotypes under Salinity and High Temperature Stress

2021 ◽  
pp. 136-147
Author(s):  
Trisha Sinha ◽  
Shailesh Kumar ◽  
Ajay Kumar Singh
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Stability Index ◽  
High Temperature Stress ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Cross Tolerance ◽  
Biochemical Traits ◽  
Malondialdehyde Content ◽  
Relative Water ◽  
Response To Stress ◽  
Late Sowing

A pot experiment was carried out with six chickpea genotypes viz. KPG-59, IPC-2013-74 and NDG-15-6 (tolerant group); and KWR-108, BG-3075 and BG-3076 (susceptible group) to study the responses of these genotypes under salinity stress (4.20 dSm-1) with normal sowing, high temperature (HT) stress with late sowing and their combination (saline soil + late sowing), and compared with control (non-stress) condition based on several physio-biochemical traits such as malondialdehyde content (MDA), membrane stability index (MSI), relative water content (RWC) and proline in leaf at reproductive stage; and seed yield after harvesting. Both salinity and HT individually and in combination significantly affected the traits studied. Among the parameters, MDA increased under stress treatments over control, while MSI and RWC decreased for the same. However, combined stress exhibited hypo-additive effects for these parameters which might be due to developed cross-tolerance while facing salinity and HT stress in sequence. Increase in proline content under stress over control is an indication of osmotic adjustment in response to stress. These results might be good criteria in development of genotypes with improved response in terms of physio-biochemical traits and yield.

scholarly journals Heat tolerance indicators in Pakistani wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes

2015 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 109-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sami U. Khan ◽  
Jalal U. Din ◽  
Abdul Qayyum ◽  
Noor E. Jan ◽  
Matthew A. Jenks
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Stability Index ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
High Temperature Stress ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Cumulative Response ◽  
Selection Parameter

Abstract The effect of high temperature stress on six wheat cultivars exposed to 35-40 °C for 3 h each day for five consecutive days was examined. High temperature significantly affected total proline, soluble protein content, membrane stability index (MSI), yield, and various yield components, and had a direct effect on growth and other physiological attributes of wheat at anthesis and the milky seed stages. The wheat cultivar AS- 2002 achieved better osmotic adjustment by accumulating more leaf proline. Higher MSI was also observed in AS-2002, as well as Inqalab-91. The anthesis growth stage was found to be more sensitive to heat stress than seed development at the milky stage. Overall heat stress reduced yield 75% at anthesis and 40% at the milky stage. AS-2002 performed better on the basis of yield and yield components. Seed weight per spike was highest in AS- 2002, and lowest in SH-2002. The cumulative response of AS-2002 was better on the basis of physiological and yield attributes. In addition to yield, plant breeders should also include proline and MSI as selection parameter in the breeding program for development of heat tolerant wheat cultivars. Most of the evaluated wheat cultivars/lines were developed for cultivation in the rainfed areas of Pakistan.

TIR approach and stress tolerance indices to identify donor for high-temperature stress tolerance in pepper (Capsicum annuum L.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-27
Author(s):  
Smaranika Mishra ◽  
R. H. Laxman ◽  
K. Madhavi Reddy ◽  
R. Venugopalan
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Capsicum Annuum ◽  
Temperature Stress ◽  
Geometric Mean ◽  
Stability Index ◽  
High Temperature Stress ◽  
Bell Pepper ◽  
Tolerance Index ◽  
Tolerance Indices

AbstractBell pepper or sweet pepper (Capsicum annuum L. var. grossum) is highly susceptible to high-temperature stress (HT). Hence, search for donor across C. annuum for HT tolerance was undertaken by following Temperature Induction Response (TIR) technique. The induction and challenging temperature requirement for TIR screening were standardized in 1 d-old Capsicum seedlings. Forty Capsicum genotypes were evaluated based on the recovery growth (RG) and per cent reduction in recovery growth (%RRG) of the seedlings. The genotypes Punjab Guchhedar and Ajeet 1 were found to have maximum cellular level tolerance (CLT) to HT with higher RG and lower %RRG compared to the non-induced seedlings and HDC 75 was found to have minimum CLT. In order to confirm the findings, another experiment was conducted under managed stress and control conditions. Absolute yield obtained from both the environments were used to calculate stress tolerance indices such as heat susceptibility index, tolerance index, stress tolerance index, mean productivity, geometric mean productivity and yield stability index. Based on these tolerance indices, Punjab Guchhedar and Ajeet 1 were found to be highly tolerant and HDC 75 as highly susceptible. Further, the combined result of TIR and tolerance indices also gave the same result confirming Punjab Guchhedar and Ajeet 1 can be used as a donor for the future breeding programme aimed at evolving high-temperature-tolerant bell pepper cultivars. The result also confirms the fitness of TIR technique to screen Capsicum genotypes for tolerance to HT based on variability in acquired thermotolerance.

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