Influence of nipping and foliar application of nutrients on growth and yield of chickpea in rain-fed condition

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ejaz Ahmad Khan ◽  
Iqtidar Hussain ◽  
Sheryar . ◽  
Hafiz Bashir Ahmad ◽  
Iqbal Hussain
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Biological Yield ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
1000 Grain Weight ◽  
Number Of Branches

Although,chickpea isnitrogen fixing crop but water scarcity under rain-fed condition reduces its nodulation process severely and nutrients use efficiency too. An experiment was carried out regarding the combined effect of nipping as well as foliar applied fertilizers on yield and yield components of chickpea under rain-fed conditions. Nipping and foliar application of nutrients significantly improved number of pods plant-1, biological yield (kg ha-1), harvest index (%) and final grain yield (kg ha-1). However, non-significant influence was seen in 1000-grain weight and number of grains pod-1. Foliar application of N PK (20:20:20) @2.5 kg ha-1 × nipping was found to be the best interaction among others which significantly increased number of branches plant-1 (11.30), number of pods plant-1(115.36), plant height(59.48cm) and grain yield(2338.9 kg ha-1) as compared to the control treatment. Nipping along with foliar application of NPKcan be practiced in chickpea for higher profitability.

scholarly journals An Integrated Nutrient Management Approach for Improving Maize (Zea mays L.) Yield

2011 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 64-70
Author(s):  
Muhammad Waseem ◽  
Asghar Ali ◽  
Muahammad Ather Nadeem ◽  
Muhammad Tahir ◽  
Muhammad Shahid Ibni Zamir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Nutrient Management ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Management Approach ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Biological Yield ◽  
1000 Grain Weight ◽  
Chemical Fertiliser

 The study of integrated use of chemical fertiliser and compost showed beneficial effects on growth and yield of maize. Plant height, number of grain rows per cob, number of grains per row, number of grains per cob and 1000-grain weight were significantly affected by all the treatments. However, grain yield, biological yield, harvest index and grain-pith ratio were significantly affected by compost and  chemical fertiliser alone or in certain combinations. The highest grain yield of 7.18 t/ha was obtained with the application of 25% nitrogen from compost + 75% nitrogen from chemical fertiliser.  

scholarly journals The Contribution of the Flag Leaf and the Lower Parts of the Leaves and Inflorescence in the Production of Dry Matter and Composition Holds the Grain for Three Genotypes of Oats.

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-111
Author(s):  
Israa Rahi .S. Al Hamdaoui ◽  
Faisal M. M. Al-Tahir
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
College Of Agriculture ◽  
Biological Yield

Tow field experiments have been conducted, during winter season (2015 – 2016) at the agricultural experiments and researsh station (3 km sothern west Al-samawa) of the college of Agriculture – University of Al-Muthanna, Where it was ten inflorescences  conduct transaction in the expulsion of 50% for each expermental unit stag and when reach this stage of transactions conducted a comparsion and removing flag leaf awn and remove the lower leaves and shading of inflorescence,  to study the contribution of flag leaf, other leaves, parts of spike and tips in production of dry matter and composition of grain yield for wheat and oat crop. The experiment has been carried out by using the Split plot with R.C.B. desgin to three replications. Results show the control treatment gave high mean grain yield (5.402 g plant), biological yield (12.473 g plant) and harvest index (49.560 %). Removing of flag leaf, tip and other leaves treatments have led to lower of no. of grains per spike, weight of grain, grain yield, biological yield and percentage of protein. Shadowing of spike treatment has gaven decreasing in yield components and increasing to percentage of protein. Percentage of the contribution of flag leaf, other leaves, tips and spike (13.587 , 25.064 , 23.837 and 34.17) % respectively.

scholarly journals Effect Irrigation Quality and Mineral Fertilization on Barley Productivity (Variety 244) and Some Nutrients Availability

2021 ◽  
Vol 923 (1) ◽  
pp. 012071
Author(s):  
Haider.A. Al-Maamori ◽  
Montazer.H. Al-Budeiri ◽  
Raji A. Mousa
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Biological Yield ◽  
Branch Plant ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus Availability ◽  
1000 Grain Weight ◽  
Number Of Branches

Abstract An experiment was conducted in fields of Agricultural Research office/Al-Dibuni Research Station in Clay Loam soil, to study the coexistence with irrigation salinity using different water qualities with a recommended mineral fertilizer by the Iraqi Ministry of Agriculture, and evaluate the role of this fertilizer in maintaining the nutritional balance in soil and barley productivity. A Factorial Experiment Design was used According to RCBD design. The results showed that mineral fertilization of 100% fertilizer recommendation was significantly superior in all measured characteristics (nitrogen and phosphorus availability in soil, EC, plant height, leaf area, number of branches, 1000 grain weight, grain yield, biological yield and harvest index) which gave (46.31, 27.29 mg kg−1, 5.59 dSm−1, 67.44 cm, 20.41 cm2plant−1, 7.66 branch plant−1, 44.08g, 3.16, 11.19 Mg ha−1, and 28.24%, respectively) compared with control treatment. The addition of irrigation different types affected on the measured characteristics, as the S1 treatment gave a significant values in each of (nitrogen and phosphorus availability in soil, EC, leaf area, number of branches, 1000 grain weight, grain yield, biological yield and harvest index) which gave (40.27, 23.39 mg kg−1, 5.10 dSm−1, 16.97 cm2plant−1, 6.91 branch plant−1, 40.31 g, 3.02, 10.13 Mgha−1, and 29.98%) compared with S2 treatment. The results showed the double interaction F4S3 treatment had a significant effect in all the measured characteristics(nitrogen and phosphorus availability in soil, leaf area, number of branches, 1000 grain weight, grain yield, biological yield and harvest index) which gave (48.61 and 28.97mg kg−1 and 20. 92 cm2plant−1, 8.06 branch plant−1, 45.75g, 3.22, 11.47 Mgha−1, and 28.07%, respectively) compared with F1S2 treatment, noting F4S3 treatment did not significantly of F4S1 treatment.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF BORON AND ETHEPHON IN GROWTH AND YIELD OF BREAD WHEAT

2016 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Al-Naqeeb & Hashim
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Crop Growth ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Wheat Seed ◽  
Crop Growth Rate ◽  
Biological Yield

The experiment was carried out at the farm of field of Crops Department, College of Agriculture, University of Baghdad during 2010-2011 and 2011-2012 seasons to study the effect of boron elements and ethephon on some growth characteristics and the yield of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Abu Ghraib-3 var. A split plot arrangement according to RCBD was used with four replications. The boron spray with three concentrations (50, 75 and 100) mg B.L-1 in addition to control treatment (without boron) as a main plots, and the second factor was soaking of wheat seed with concentrations level of ethephon (1500, 2500 and 3500) mg.L-1 in addition to control treatment (without soaking) as a sub plots. The results of showed that 100 mg B.L-1 gave highest means for plant height (108.81 and 115.53) cm, crop growth rate (32.80 and 35.30) gm.m-2. day-1, number of grains per spike (47.44 and 48.58) grain.spike-1, weight of 1000 grain (42.04 and 41.37) gm, grain yield (4.76 and 5.01)m ton.ha-1, biological yield (12.15 and 12.57) ton.ha-1, harvest index (39.19 and 39.89)%. In addition, the results showed that soak wheat seed with 3500 mg.L-1 caused significant decrease in height plant (93.98 and 101.66) cm and this treatment (3500 mg.L-1) gave highest means for number of tillers (505.29 and 519.06) tiller.m-2, crop growth rate (33.44 and 35.78) gm.m-2. day-1, number of spikes (384.61 and 415.55) spike.m-2, number of grains per spike (46.37 and 47.21) grain.spike-1, grain yield (4.67 and 4.85) ton.ha-1, biological yield (11.96 and 12.55) ton.ha-1 and harvest index (39.01 and 38.61)% for both seasons, respectively. The interaction between 100 mg B.L-1 and 3500 mg.L-1 ethephon gave highest mean for crop growth rate (35.76 and 38.83) gm.m-2. day-1 for both seasons, respectively.

Effect of Urea and Nano-Nitrogen Fertigation and Foliar Application of Nano-Boron and Molybdenum on some Growth and Yield Parameters of Potato

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 253-263
Author(s):  
Hayyawi W.A. Al-juthery ◽  
Estabraq Hilal Obaid Al-Maamouri
Keyword(s):  
Foliar Application ◽  
Growth Traits ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Acid Yield ◽  
Biological Yield ◽  
Starch Yield ◽  
Private Farm

Investigating the effect of urea and nano-nitrogen fertigation and foliar application of nano B and Mo on growth and yield of potato Solanum tuberosum L. [Rivera-A]. The study was conducted in a private farm located in the Al-Taleah area - Babylon governorate. The experiment consisted of (12) treatments consisting of separated fertigation of nano nitrogen (25% N) and urea (46% N), single treatments of leaf spraying of nano Mo (5%), Nano B (9%), nano-binary combinations (Mo+B) and (U+ Nano Mo), (U+Nano B), Nano (N+Mo), Nano (N+B), and tricombination treatments of (U+Mo+B), Nano (N+Mo+B) additional to the control treatment. Randomize Complete Block Design (RCBD) and one way simple experiment with three replicates. Fertilizers were applied at levels of 40 liters h-1 of Nano-N fertilizer (25% N) and 300 kg h-1 urea fertilizer (46% N). They were sprayed early in the morning after (40) days after planting four times. Two weeks is the period between an application and another according to the recommendation of (1) kg  h-1 nano-fertilizer of (B) and (500) g h-1 of  Mo. Fertilizers were injected and sprayed at (10, 20, 30 and 40)% of the total amount of the fertilizer were applied as the first, second, third and fourth applications, respectively. Some growth traits were tested including the chlorophyll content in the leaves, the total dry vegetative yild, the soft tubers yield, and the biological yield, proteins and ascorbic acid yield compared to the control (spray water only). The results of the Duncan test showed a significant increase in most of the studied traits of nano-tricombination (N+Mo+B) in the fresh tubers yield,  dry vegetative yield  , the biological yield, starch yield ,the total protein and ascorbic yield (37.53, 1.799, 8.138,4.152 , 481.3and 653.8 meg ha-1) respectively .compare to control (21.58 , 0.890, 4.463  ,2.323 , 366.1 and 215.5 meg ha-1) respectively.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Urea Super Granule as a Source of Nitrogen in Transplant Aman Rice

2014 ◽  
Vol 24 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 29-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
TA Qurashi ◽  
MA Salam ◽  
M Jannat ◽  
MG Rabbani
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Prilled Urea ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Yield And Yield Components ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Experimental Treatments ◽  
N Management ◽  
1000 Grain Weight

An experiment was carried out at Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh to evaluate the effect of urea super granule (USG) as a source of nitrogen on the yield and yield components of transplant Aman rice cv. BRRI dhan39, BRRI dhan46 and BINA dhan7. Five levels of N (viz., 0, 60, 120 kg ha-1 as prilled urea and 60 and 120 kg ha-1 as USG) were taken as experimental treatments. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Plant height, effective tillers hill-1, grains panicle-1 and grain yield varied significantly due to different cultivars. All the yield and yield components except 1000-grain weight were influenced significantly by the levels of nitrogen fertilizer. The highest grain yield (4.82 t ha-1) was recorded in BINA dhan7 and the lowest one (4.30 t ha-1) was recorded in BRRI dhan39. Nitrogen @ 120 kg ha-1 as USG performed the best among the treatments in respect of yield and yield components of rice. The highest grain yield (5.46t ha-1) was obtained from BINA dhan7 with 120 kg N ha-1 as USG which was statistically identical with 60 kg N ha-1 as USG. A considerable amount (31.25%) of prilled urea (PU) nitrogen could be saved by using USG. It may be concluded that USG could be used as N management to achieve better nitrogen use efficiency in reducing N loss than the PU.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/pa.v24i1-2.19095 Progress. Agric. 24(1&2): 29 - 37, 2013

scholarly journals Comparative study of different organic mulches for increased wheat productivity district Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad Raza ◽  
Muhammad Nawaz ◽  
Muhammad U. Chattha ◽  
Imran Khan ◽  
Muhammad B. Chattha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Crop Growth ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Straw Mulch ◽  
Nitrogen Levels ◽  
Major Threat ◽  
Biological Yield ◽  
1000 Grain Weight ◽  
Sorghum Straw

Weeds are major threat to global wheat production and cause serious threat to food security. Likewise, water scarcity is also a major threat to food production and its intensity is continuously soaring up across the globe. Organic mulches have potential to reduce weeds growth and conserve the soil moisture thus ensures the better crop growth and yield. Therefore, present study was conducted to compare the performance of different organic mulches in improving wheat growth and productivity. The study was comprised of different organic mulches; M1= No mulch (control) M2= maize straw mulch, M3= wheat straw mulch, M4= sorghum straw mulch and M5= rice straw mulch and three nitrogen levels N1 = 90 kg, N2 = 120 kg and N3= 150 kg/ha. The results indicated that both organic mulches and N rates had significant impact on growth, and yield traits. The maximum leaf area index (LAI), crop growth rate (CGR), productive tillers (307 m-2), grains/spike (46.22), 1000 grain weight (42.33 g) biological yield (13.76 t/ha) and grain yield 4.75 t/ha was obtained with sorghum straw mulch and minimum productive tillers (255.33 m-2), grains/spike (36.22), biological yield (11.46 t/ha) and grain yield (3.59 t/ha) was recorded in no mulch (control). Among nitrogen levels maximum productive tillers (290.6 m-2), grains/spike (42.80), 1000 grain weight (40.65 g), biological yield (13.44 t/ha) and grain yield (4.32 t/ha) was obtained with 150 kg/ha N and minimum productive tillers (274 m-2), grains/spike (38.13), 1000 grain weight (36.94 g) biological yield (11.98 t/ha) and grain yield (3.90 t/ha) was obtained with 90 N kg/ha. Thus, farmers can use sorghum straw mulch and N (150 kg ha-1) to improve the wheat productivity. However, farmers must be educated by government institute and adoptive research farms in order to understand and adaption of this approach.

scholarly journals Influence of Seed Hardening Techniques on Vigor, Growth and Yield of Wheat under Drought Conditions

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 121
Author(s):  
Amir Zaman Khan
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Sowing Seed ◽  
And Control ◽  
Peg 8000 ◽  
1000 Grain Weight

Exploring ways to improve stand establishment and crop productivity under abiotic stresses like drought is important. Two years experiments were conducted at University of Agriculture, Peshawar-Pakistan to examine the efficacy of six pre-sowing seed hardening agents. Seeds of wheat cultivar Uqab-2000 were hardened in six different chemicals of various concentration viz; PEG-8000 (10%), CaCl2 (4%), KNO3, (3%), Mannital (4%), NaCl (5%), Na2SO4 (2%) along with water soaking and dry seeds as control for 24 hours and drying back to original moisture content at room temperature. The soaking and drying of seeds was repeated twice for 12 hours. The results showed that pre-sowing hardening of seed with PEG-8000, CaCl2 and KNO3 gave higher germination, decreased days to 50% germination, increased shoot length, root length, seedling fresh and dry weight in laboratory experiment as compared with other hardening and control treatment. Under field conditions, maximum plant height (93.53cm), spikelet’s spike-1 (17.16), grains spike-1 (50.82), 1000 grain weight (39.97 g), grain yield (3482 kg ha-1) and maximum harvest index (32.5%) were observed in PEG-8000 hardened seed than control treatment (2872 kg ha-1). Seed hardened in PEG-8000, CaCl2 and KNO3 gave 30% increase in grain yield as compared to Mannital, NaCl and Na2SO4 which gave 15% increase in grain yield over control treatment.

scholarly journals Effect of nitrobenzene on growth and yield of boro rice

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 304-312
Author(s):  
B Chowdhury ◽  
MHK Howlader ◽  
MK Hossain ◽  
MC Sikder ◽  
MM Hasan
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Panicle Number ◽  
Biological Yield ◽  
1000 Grain Weight ◽  
Boro Rice

The present experiment was conducted at the research field of Patuakhali Science and Technology University (PSTU), Patuakhali during the period from December 2013 to March 2014 to evaluate the effect of Nitrobenzene as plant growth regulators on growth and yield parameters of Boro Rice. It also observed the comparative growth and yield performance of foliar application   Nitrobenzene ( 0, 1.0,  3.0 and 5.0 ml L–1). Data were collected on Plant height; number of leaves plant–1; number of total, effective and non–effective tillers hill–1; leaf area (LA); leaf area index (LAI); total dry matter (TDM); Crop and relative growth rate (CGR and RGR); and  Yield and yield contributing characters  such as length of root; length of panicle; number of total, sterile and non–sterile spikelets panicle–1; 1000–grain weight; grain, straw and biological yield and harvest index (HI). The experiment was laid out in a completely randomized block design (RCBD) with three replications. The collected data were analyzed statistically and means were adjudged by DMRT at 5% level of probability. The treatments Nitrobenzene @ 3.0 ml L–1 as foliar application gave the highest performance in respect of  plant height (90.39 cm), LAI (3.514), TDM (19.17 g plant–1), effective tiller (20.33 hill–1), total tillers (22.73 hill–1), panicle length (26.01 cm),non sterile spikelets (134.70 panicle–1), total spikelets (155.80 panicle–1), 1000–grain weight (28.21 g),  grain yield (5.86 t ha–1), straw yield (8.44 t ha–1), biological  yield (14.29 t ha–1) and HI (41.00%) of boro rice. Progressive Agriculture 29 (4): 304-312, 2018

scholarly journals Investigation of some morphological traits in studied lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.) genotypes grown with foliar application of nanosized ferric oxide / Badania nad niektórymi cechami morfologicznymi wybranych genotypów soczewicy (Lens culinaris Medik.) hodowanych w obecności nanocząstek tlenku żelaza

2015 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Naser Sabaghnia
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Lens Culinaris ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Biological Yield ◽  
Strong Positive Association ◽  
Semi Arid ◽  
Number Of Branches

AbstractInterest in growing lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.) is increasing due to its potential returns relative to other legume crops in semi-arid areas. An experiment was conducted to examine the important traits on lentil under application of nano-fertilizer by using eight genotypes with application of the biplot technique in visualizing research data. Nano-iron oxide (2 g L-1) was utilized as foliar spray during vegetative and reproductive stages. The study revealed that genotype by trait (GT) biplot can graphically display the interrelationships among traits and facilitate visual comparison of genotypes. The first two principal components (PC1 and PC2) accounted for 76% of the total variation. The polygon view of GT biplot suggested four sections for the lentil genotypes as well as traits. The vertex genotypes G1 had plant height, number of branches per plant, number of pods per plant, 100-grains weight and grain yield traits. The most prominent relation were: a strong positive association among biological yield, number of branches per plant, number of pods per plant, grains yield and plant height as indicated by the small obtuse angles between their vectors. The traits’ relationship in the semi-arid was highly variable, and grain yield improvement can be achieved by selecting for number of pods per plant, 100-grains weight. We suggest that the GT biplot be used jointly to better understand and more fully explore interaction pattern data.

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